E, e
/ i:; i/ n (pl E's, e's/ i:z; iz/)  1 the fifth letter of the English alphabet 英语字母表的第五个字母: `Eric' begins with an `E'/E. Eric一字以E字母开始.  2 E (music 音) the third note in the scale of C major  C大调音阶中的第三音或音符.
E number 
code number, beginning with the letter E, used for indicating the additives in food and drink E 数（以E字母开头的代号, 用以表明食品或饮料中的添加剂）.
E
abbr 缩写 =  1 (esp on electric plugs) earth (connection)（尤指标於电器插头上的）地线（接线）.  2 east(ern):E Asia 东亚 * London E10 6RL, ie as a postal code 伦敦E10 6RL（邮政编码）.
tel(e)-
comb form 构词成分  1 over a long distance; far 远距离的; 远的: telepathy * telescopic.  2 of television 电视的: teleprompter * teletext.
ea
abbr 缩写 = each: oranges 10p ea 橙子10便士一个.
each
/ i:tF; itF/ indef det (used with sing [C] ns and sing vs 与单数可数名词和单数动词连用) (of two or more) every (person, thing, group, etc) considered individually 每一, 各个: on each side of the road 在路的每一边 * a ring on each finger 每个手指上一个指环 * Each day passed without any news. 每天都没有任何消息.
each 
indef pron every individual member (of a group) 每个: each of the boys, books, buildings 每个男孩、 每本书、 每座建筑物 * Each of them phoned to thank me. 他们每个人都打电话来向我道谢. * Each of us has a company car. 我们每人都有一辆公司的汽车. (Cf 参看 We each have a company car.) * I'll see each of you separately. 我要分别地见你们每一个人. (Cf 参看 I'll see you each separately. ) * He gave us 5 each. 他给我们每人5英镑.
each 
indef adv every one separately 每一个地; 各个地: The cakes are 20p each. 糕饼每块20便士.
each other 
(used only as the object of a v or prep 仅用作动词或介词的宾语) the other one, reciprocally 互相; 彼此: Paul and Linda helped each other, ie Paul helped Linda and Linda helped Paul. 保罗和琳达互相帮助. * We write to each other regularly. 我们彼此经常通信. Cf 参看 one another (one3).
each
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Each and every are generally used as determiners before singular countable nouns. *each和every一般都作限定词, 用於单数可数名词之前. Each is used when the items in a group (of two or more) are considered individually *each用以指一个群体（至少两个）中个别的个体: Each child learns at his or her own pace. 每个儿童均按自己的进度学习. Every indicates that all the items in a group (of three or more) are being regarded as members of that group. *every指一个群体（至少三个）中侧重於全体的所有个体, 而不在个别的个体. It can be modified by some adverbs 这个词可以受某些副词修饰: Every/Nearly every child in the school passed the swimming test.这所学校的每一个[几乎每一个]儿童游泳都及格了. Each (one) of and every one of come before plural nouns or pronouns, but the verb is still singular *each (one) of和every one of用於复数名词或代词之前, 然而动词仍用单数: Each of the houses is slightly different. 每所房子都稍有区别. *  I bought a dozen eggs and every one of them was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋, 每个都是坏的. *  She gave each (one) of her grandchildren 50p. 她给每个孙儿50便士. Each can function as a pronoun on its own *each本身可作代词: I asked all the children and each told a different story. 我问过所有的孩子, 每个人的说法都不一样. It can also follow a plural subject or an indirect object with a plural verb 这个词还可以用於复数的主语之後或复数动词的间接宾语之後: We each have a different point of view. 我们每个人都有不同的观点.
eager
/ 5i:gE(r); `i^L/ adj  1 ~ (for sth/to do sth) full of interest or desire; keen 热切的; 渴望的; 热心的: eager for success 渴望成功 * eager to please 极想讨好（别人）.  2 (idm 习语) an eager `beaver (sometimes derog 有时作贬义) keen, hard-working and enthusiastic person 积极、 努力又热心的人. 
eagerly 
adv. 
eagerness 
n [U].
eagle
/ 5i:gl; `i^l/ n  1 large strong bird of prey of the falcon family with very good eyesight 雕; 鹰.  2 (in golf) score of two strokes less than average （高尔夫球）比标准杆少两杆的分数. Cf 参看 birdie 2, par1 3. 
eaglet
/ i:glIt; `i^lIt/ n young eagle 小雕; 小鹰.
eagle eye 
(usu sing 通常作单数)  1 very good eyesight 极好的视力.  2 keen watchfulness 敏锐的目光: The teacher's eagle eye was always on us, ie She noticed everything. 教师的锐利目光总是盯著我们（一举一动她都能注意到）. 
eagle-eyed 
adj.
ear
/ IE(r); Ir/ n  1 [C] organ of hearing; its outer part 耳, 耳朵; 外耳: The doctor looked into my ears. 医生检查我的耳朵. * Rabbits have large ears. 兔子的耳朵很长. * [attrib 作定语] She's got an `ear infection. 她耳朵感染了. =>illus 见插图.  2 [sing] an ~ (for sth) sense of hearing; ability to discriminate sounds, esp in music and language 听觉; （尤指音乐和语言中的）辨音力, 听力: She has a good ear for languages. 她学语言的听力很好.  3 (idm 习语) (be) all `ears (infml 口) listening attentively 倾听: Tell me your news; I'm all ears. 把你的新鲜事告诉我, 我洗耳恭听. box sb's ears => box2. sth comes to/reaches sb's `ears sb finds out about sth, eg news or gossip 某事物（如消息或闲话）传到某人耳朵里: If this news ever reaches her ears, she'll be furious. 这个消息万一传到她的耳朵里, 她一定得大发雷霆. din in one's ears => din v. sb's `ears are burning sb suspects that he is being talked about, esp in an unkind way 某人耳朵发烧（怀疑遭人议论, 尤指说坏话）: All this gossip about Sarah  her ears must be burning! 都在说萨拉的闲话--她耳朵一定发烧了! easy on the ear/eye => easy1. fall on deaf ears => deaf. feel one's ears burning => feel1. give sb/get a thick ear => thick. go in (at) `one ear and out (at) the `other be heard but either ignored or quickly forgotten 一耳进一耳出; 左耳进右耳出; 当作耳边风: You've forgotten to buy the eggs! It (ie What I tell you) goes in one ear and out the other. 你忘记买鸡蛋了! 把我跟你说的话当成耳旁风了. have, get, win, etc sb's `ear have or get sb's favourable attention 获得某人的好感; 受到某人的重视. have/keep an/one's ear to the `ground be aware of all that is happening and being said 注意周围的动静: Peter'll know; he always keeps an ear to the ground. 彼得会知道的, 他耳听八方. have a word in sb's ear => ordword. keep one's ears/eyes open => open1. lend an ear => lend. make a pig's ear of sth => pig. meet the ear/eye => meet1. music to one's ears => music. not believe one's ears/eyes => believe. (be) out on one's `ear suddenly expelled, dismissed, etc 突遭驱逐、 开除、 解雇等. play (sth) by `ear play (music) by remembering how it sounds, ie without seeing a printed form 凭记忆演奏（乐曲）（即不看乐谱）. play it by `ear (infml 口) act without preparation according to the demands of a situation; improvise 事前无准备而根据情况采取行动; 临时现做: I've had no time to prepare for this meeting, so I'll have to play it by ear. 我没有时间准备这次会议, 所以只好有什麽谈什麽. prick up one's ears => prick2. shut one's ears to sth/sb => shut. smile, etc from ear to `ear smile, etc broadly, showing that one is very pleased or happy 眉开眼笑. turn a deaf ear => deaf. (be) up to one's ears/eyes in sth very busy with or overwhelmed by sth 忙得不可开交; 深陷於某事物中: I'm up to my ears in work at the moment. 我现在工作忙极了. walls have ears => wall. with a flea in one's ear => flea. wet behind the ears => wet. with half an `ear not very attentively 不很注意地: I was only listening to the radio with half an ear, while preparing some food. 我正在做吃的, 没太留心听收音机.
-eared
/ IEd; Ird/ (usu in compound adjs 通常用以构成复合形容词) having ears of a specified kind 有某种耳朵的: the long-eared owl.
earful
/ 5IEfUl; IrfJl/ n [sing] (infml 口) (idm 习语) give sb/get an `earful give or receive a long angry or abusive speech 说或听一番气愤的或辱骂的话: If he bothers you again I'll give him an earful. 如果他再来烦你, 我就训他一顿.
earache 
n [U, sing] pain in the ear-drum 耳痛.
ear-drop 
n (usu pl 通常作复数) liquid medication dropped into the ears 滴耳药水.
ear-drum 
(also drum) n thin membrane in the inner part of the ear which vibrates when sound waves strike it 鼓膜. =>illus 见插图.
ear-muff n 
(usu pl 通常作复数) either of a pair of ear-coverings connected by a band across the top of the head, and worn to protect the ears, esp from the cold （尤指防寒用的）耳罩: a pair of green ear-muffs 一副绿色的耳罩.
earphone 
n (usu pl 通常作复数) (a) either of two receivers attached to each other so that they fit over the ears, used for listening to records, the radio, etc 耳机. (b) similar device with only one receiver that fits inside one ear 单耳机.
ear-plug 
n (usu pl 通常作复数) either of two pieces of soft material put into the ears to keep out air, water or noise （防止空气、 水或声音进入耳内的）耳塞.
ear-ring 
n (often pl 常作复数) piece of jewellery worn in or on the ear lobe 耳环; 耳饰.
earshot 
n [U] (idm 习语) (be) out of/within `earshot where one cannot/can be heard 在听力范围之外[之内].
ear-splitting 
adj very loud; shrill 极响的; 震耳的; 刺耳的: an ear-splitting crash 震耳欲聋的碰撞.
ear-trumpet 
n trumpet-shaped tube formerly used by partially deaf people to magnify sound （旧时的）喇叭形助听器.
ear
/ IE(r); Ir/ n seed-bearing part of a cereal, eg wheat, barley, etc （麦子的）穗. =>illus at cereal 见cereal之插图.
earl
/ \:l; [l/ n (fem 阴性作 countess) (title of a) British nobleman ranking between a marquis and a viscount 伯爵（的衔头）.
earldom 
n rank of an earl 伯爵的爵位.
early
/ 5\:lI; `[lI/ (-ier, -iest) adj, adv  1 near to the beginning of a period of time 早; 初; 初期: the early morning 清早 * in early spring 早春 * in his early twenties, ie aged between 20 and 23 or 24 （他）二十岁出头 * early works (of a composer, poet, writer, etc), ie those written at the beginning of a career （作曲家、 诗人、 作家等的）早期作品 * Two players were injured early in the season. 有两名选手在该季开始不久就受了伤. Cf 参看 late1 2, late2 2.  2 before the usual or expected time 提前; 提早: early peaches, ie peaches that ripen early in the season 早熟的桃子 * an early breakfast, eg at 5 am 很早的早餐（如於早晨5时者） * I got up early today. 我今天起得很早. * The bus arrived five minutes early. 公共汽车早到了五分钟. Cf 参看 late1 1, late2 1.  3 (idm 习语) at your earliest con`venience (fml esp commerce 文, 尤用於商业) as soon as possible 尽早: Please deliver the goods at your earliest convenience. 请尽早送货. bright and `early => bright. an `early bird (joc 谑) person who arrives, gets up, etc early 早到、 早起等的人: You're an early bird this morning! 你今天起得真早啊! the ,early bird catches the `worm (saying 谚) the person who arrives, gets up, etc first will be successful 早起的鸟才能捉到虫; 捷足先登. early `days (yet) (esp Brit) too soon to be sure how a situation, etc will develop 过早; 尚早: I'm not sure if our book will be a success  it's early days yet. 我们这本书是否受欢迎, 我没有把握--现在言之过早. the early `hours very early in the morning, ie not long after midnight 深夜: They were dancing till the early hours. 他们跳舞跳到深夜. an early/a late night => night. early `on soon after the start of a past event 在初期; 开始後不久: I knew early on (in the film) that I wasn't going to enjoy it. 电影一开演我就知道不会喜欢这部电影. an early/late riser => riser (rise1). ,early to `bed and ,early to `rise (makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise) (saying 谚) living sensibly and without excesses (will bring a person good health, money and wisdom) 睡得早, 起得早, （富足、 聪明、 身体好）. keep early `hours rise early or go to bed early 早起; 早睡. 
earliness 
n [U].
early closing 
(Brit) shutting of shops, etc on a particular afternoon every week （每周某一日下午商店等）停止营业: It's early closing (day) today. 今天照例下午停止营业.
early warning 
early indication (eg by radar) of the approach of enemy aircraft, missiles, etc 预先警报（敌人飞机、 导弹等逼近的预先显示, 如由雷达显示）: [attrib 作定语] early `warning system 预先警报系统.
earmark
/ 5IEmB:k; `Ir9mBrk/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth/sb) assign or set aside sb/sth (to or for a special purpose) （为某目的）指定或安排某人[某事物]: earmark a sum of money for research 拨出一笔款项作研究经费 * I've earmarked Peter for the job. 我已派彼得做这事.
earn
/ \:n; [n/ v  1 [Tn] (a) get (money) by working 赚; 挣: He earns 10000 a year. 他一年赚10000英镑. * She earned her living by singing in a nightclub. 她靠在夜总会唱歌谋生. * earned/unearned income 劳动收入[非劳动收入]. (b) get (money) as a return on a loan or investment （贷款或投资）获得（利钱）: Money earns more in a high interest account. 钱放在高利息的帐户里获利多.  2 [Tn, Dn.n] gain (sth deserved) in return for one's achievements, behaviour, etc （因自己的成就、 行为等）得到（应得的事物）; 博得; 使得: You've certainly earned your retirement. 你确已理当退休了. * a well-earned rest 应得的休息 * His honesty earned him great respect. 他因诚实而博得人们的尊敬. * His bad manners earned him a sharp rebuke. 他因为没有礼貌而受到责备.  3 (idm 习语) earn/turn an honest penny => honest. ,earn one's `keep work hard enough to cover the costs of one's food, accommodation, etc 挣钱维持生活.
earnings 
n [pl] money earned 赚的钱; 生的利: I've spent all my earnings. 我把赚的钱都花光了. 
earnings-related 
adj (of payments, etc) linked to and changing with one's earnings （指付款等）随个人收入而改变的: an ,earnings-related `pension scheme 随个人收入而改变的退休金计划.
earnest
/ 5\:nIst; `[nIst/ adj (too) serious; determined; not light-hearted （太）认真的; 坚决的; 不掉以轻心的: a terribly earnest young man 认真得不得了的年轻人.
earnest 
n (idm 习语) in (dead/deadly/real) `earnest (a) with determination and energy 有决心和精力: It's beginning to snow in earnest, ie heavily. 雪真的下起来了（下大了）. (b) serious(ly); not joking(ly) 认真（地）; 并非开玩笑（地）: When she threatened to report us, she was in dead earnest. 她威胁说要告发我们, 她可是郑重其事说的.
earnestly 
adv: I earnestly beg you to reconsider your decision. 我诚恳地请求你把你的决定再重新考虑一下.
earnestness 
n [U].
earnest
/ 5\:nIst; `[nIst/ n [sing]  1 sum of money paid as an instalment or a deposit to show that full payment will be made later 定金; 保证金.  2 thing meant as a sign or promise of what will follow 预示; 承诺; 保证: As an earnest of my good intentions I will work overtime this week. 我愿本周加班工作以示诚意.
earth
/ \:W; [W/ n 1 (usu 通常作 the earth) [sing] this world; the planet on which we live 世界; 地球: The moon goes round the earth. 月球环绕地球运转. * I must be the happiest woman on earth! 我一定是世界上最幸福的女人了.  2 [sing] land; the surface of the world as opposed to the sky or sea 大地; 陆地; 地面: After a week at sea, it was good to feel the earth under our feet again. 出海一周後, 又重新回到陆地上而感到愉快. * The balloon burst and fell to earth. 气球破裂而落到地上.  3 [U] soil 泥土: a clod/lump of earth 土块 * fill a hole with earth 用泥土填洞 * cover the roots of a plant with earth 用泥土把植物的根埋起来. =>Usage 见所附用法.  4 [C] hole of a wild animal, esp a fox or badger （野兽的, 尤指狐狸或獾的）洞穴; 兽穴.  5 [C usu sing 通常作单数] (esp Brit) (US ground) (wire that provides a) connection with the ground completing an electrical circuit 接地; 地线.  6 [C] (chemistry 化) any of several metallic oxides 几种金属氧化物之一: an alkaline earth 硷土金属氧化物 * rare earths 稀土金属元素.  7 (idm 习语) charge, cost, pay, etc (sb) the `earth (infml 口) charge, etc a lot of money 要付...很多钱: I'd love that bike, but it costs the earth. 我很喜欢那辆自行车, 可是贵得不得了. come back/down to `earth (with a bang/bump) (infml 口) stop day-dreaming; return to reality 不再做白日梦; 回到现实中来: When his money ran out, he came down to earth (with a bump). 他把钱用光时, 才（赫然）如梦初醒. the ends of the earth => end1. the four corners of the earth => corner. go/run to earth/ground hide oneself away to avoid being captured, etc 躲藏起来以免被捉住等. how, why, where, who, etc on `earth/in the `world (infml 口) (used for emphasis 用以加强语气) how, etc ever 到底怎样...: What on earth are you doing? 你到底在干什麽呢? * How on earth did she manage that? 她究竟怎麽办到的呢? (be, feel, look, etc) like nothing on `earth (infml 口) very bad, unwell, peculiar, etc 糟糕、 难受、 特别极了等: He looks like nothing on earth in those weird clothes. 他穿著奇装异服难看极了. move heaven and earth => move2. promise the earth/moon => promise2. run sb/sth to `earth find sb/sth by searching hard 尽力追查某人[某事物]: The police eventually ran him to earth in Paris. 警察穷追不舍, 终於在巴黎找到了他. the salt of the earth => salt. wipe sth off the face of the earth/off the map => wipe.
earth 
v  1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (esp Brit) connect (an electrical appliance, etc) with the ground 将（电器等）接地: Is this plug earthed? 这个插头接地了吗?  2 (phr v) earth sth up cover (the roots of a plant, etc) with earth 用土掩盖（植物等的根）: He earthed up the celery. 他给芹菜培上了土.
earthy 
adj (-ier, -iest)  1 of or like earth or soil 泥土的; 像泥土的; 土壤的; 像土壤的: an earthy smell 泥土的气味.  2 (fig 比喻) (of people, jokes, etc) coarse; not refined or sensitive （指人、 笑话等）粗俗的; 不文雅的; 土里土气的: an earthy sense of humour 粗俗的幽默感. 
earthiness 
n [U].
earth science 
any of various sciences, such as geology or geography, concerned with the earth or part of it 地球科学（如地质学、 地理学等）.
earthwork 
n (formerly) large man-made bank of earth used as a fortification （旧时）土垒（用泥土筑成的大型防御工事）: the remains of ancient earthworks 古代土垒的残骸.
earthworm 
n common type of worm that lives in the soil 蚯蚓. =>illus at worm 见worm之插图.
earth
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare earth, ground, floor and soil. 将earth、 ground、 floor、 soil这几个词作一比较. The earth (also Earth) is the name of the planet where we live and earth can also refer to the solid land in contrast to the sky above  *the earth（亦大写作Earth）是我们赖以生存的地球的名称, earth还可指大地, 是相对於天空而言: The parachutist floated gently down to earth. 跳伞者轻飘飘地降落到地上. Ground indicates an area or distance on the earth's surface *ground指地面上的区域或距离: The expedition covered a lot of ground. 探险队到过很多地方. In addition, the ground is the solid surface under our feet when we are in the open air 此外, 当人们在露天活动时, the ground可用以指地面: You shouldn't sit on the ground when it's wet. 地面潮湿时就不应该坐在地上. The floor is the solid surface under our feet inside a building *the floor指建筑物内的地面: He left his clothes lying all over the floor. 他把衣服扔得满地都是. Ground, earth and especially soil refer to the natural material in which trees and plants grow. *ground、 earth、 特别是soil, 均指土壤. Ground is an area of soil and earth *ground指土壤和土地的一个区域: stony ground 多石的地面 *  black earth 黑土地 *  sandy soil 沙土地.
earthen
/ 5\:Wn; `[WEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语]  1 made of earth 泥土做的: earthen floors （建筑物内的）泥土地面.  2 made of baked clay 用烧过的黏土做的; 陶制的: earthen pots 陶壶.
earthenware 
n [U] pottery made of baked clay 陶器: [attrib 作定语] an earthenware bowl 陶碗.
earthly
/ 5\:WlI; `[WlI/ adj  1 of this world; not spiritual 现世的; 尘世的: earthly joys, possessions 尘世的享乐、 财产.  2 (infml 口) (usu with a negative 通常与否定式连用) possible; conceivable 可能的; 可想像的: You've no earthly hope of winning. 你根本没有获胜的希望.  3 (idm 习语) no earthly use (infml 口) totally useless 完全无用的. not have an `earthly (Brit infml 口) not have the slightest chance or hope or idea 没有丝毫机会或希望或概念: `Why isn't it working?' `I haven't an earthly (ie I don't know at all.)' ｀这怎麽不灵呢?＇｀我一点儿都不知道.＇
earthquake
/ 5\:WkweIk; `[W9kwek/ (also quake) n sudden violent movement of the earth's surface 地震.
earwig
/ 5IEwIg; `Ir9wI^/ n small harmless insect with pincers at the rear end of its body 蠼螋（一种有尾铗的无害小昆虫）,小蜈蚣.
ease
/ i:z; iz/ n [U]  1 freedom from work, discomfort, pain or anxiety 安逸; 舒适; 无痛苦; 无忧虑: a life of ease 安逸舒适的生活 * ease of mind 心情舒畅 * The injection brought him immediate ease. 他经注射後疼痛顿消. Cf 参看 easy1 2.  2 (idm 习语) (stand) at `ease (as a military command 用作军事口令) (stand) with feet apart and hands behind the back 稍息. Cf 参看 attention 4. (be/feel) at (one's) `ease (be/feel) comfortable and unworried; (be/feel) completely relaxed （感到）舒适而无忧虑; （感到）完全松弛: I never feel at ease in his company. 我跟他在一起总是感到很不自在. * Finish the work at your ease, ie in your own time. 你可以从容地把这项工作做完（在你方便时）. ill at ease => ill1. put/set sb at (his, her, etc) `ease make sb feel comfortable, free from embarrassment, etc 使某人感到舒适、 不拘束等: He had been dreading their meeting but her warm welcome soon put him at his ease. 他对彼此相见一直忐忑不安, 可是她热情相迎使他很快就无拘无束了. put/set sb's mind at ease/rest => mind1. ,take one's `ease stop working or worrying; relax 不再工作或忧虑; 休息; 轻松; 放心: She sat down and took her ease by the fire. 她坐在火旁休息一下. with `ease without difficulty 容易地; 无困难地: He passed the test with ease. 他轻而易举地考及格了.
ease
/ i:z; iz/ v  1 (a) [Tn] relieve (the body or mind) from pain, anxiety, discomfort, etc 减轻或消除（身体或精神上的）痛苦、 忧虑、 不适等: The aspirins eased my headache. 阿司匹林使我头疼减轻. * Talking eased his anxiety. 那一番谈话打消了他的顾虑. (b) [Tn.pr] ~ sb of sth free sb from suffering, etc 消除某人的痛苦等: Walking helped to ease him of his pain. 他散了散步减轻了一些痛苦.  2 [I, Ip] (a) become less painful, severe, etc 减轻痛苦、 严重程度等: The pain eased. 疼痛减轻了. (b) become less unpleasant or difficult 减轻不愉快的或困难的程度: The situation has eased (off). 情况已经缓和了.  3 [Tn] make (sth) looser or less tight; slacken 使（某物）放松; 松开: The coat needs to be eased under the armpits. 这件上衣的　肯需放一放.  4 (idm 习语) ease sb's `conscience/`mind free sb from guilt, worry, etc 消除某人的内疚、 忧虑等: It would ease my mind to know where he was. 要知道他在哪儿我就放心了.  5 (phr v) ease (sb/sth) across, along, away, etc (cause sb/sth to) move across, etc slowly and carefully （使）缓慢而小心地移动过去等: He eased himself along the ledge to reach the terrified boy. 他小心翼翼地沿著突出的檐向那惊惶失措的男孩靠近. * She eased her injured foot into her shoe. 她小心翼翼地把受伤的脚伸进鞋里. ,ease `down reduce speed 减低速度: Ease down: there's a sharp bend ahead. 慢一点儿, 前面有个急转弯. ,ease `off/`up become less severe, oppressive or urgent 减轻; 减缓; 缓和: The tension between us has eased off a little. 我们之间的紧张状况已经缓和一些. * The flow of traffic eased off. 交通已经通畅. * I'm very busy just now; wait until things have eased up a little. 我现在非常忙, 等事情缓一缓再说. ease up on sb/sth be more moderate with sb/sth 对某人[某事物]更适度、 更有节制: I should ease up on the cigarettes if I were you. 我要是你, 我就再少抽些烟了.
easel
/ 5i:zl; `izl/ n wooden frame for holding a blackboard or a picture (while it is being painted) 黑板架; 画架.
east
/ i:st; ist/ n [sing] (abbr 缩写 E)  1 the east point of the horizon where the sun rises; one of the four main points of the compass 东; 东方: The wind is blowing from the east. 风从东方来. * He lives to the east of (ie further east than) Exeter. 他住在埃克塞特的东边. Cf 参看 north, south, west.  2 the East (a) countries of Asia, esp China and Japan 东方国家（亚洲的国家, 尤指中国和日本）: philosophies of the East 东方国家的哲学 * Yoga originated in the East. 瑜伽起源於东方国家. (b) any part of the world to the east of Europe 欧洲以东的任何地区: the Middle East 中东 * the Near East 近东 * the Far East 远东.  3 the East (US) eastern side of the USA 美国的东部地区: I was born in the East, but now live in Los Angeles. 我出生於东部, 但现在住在洛杉矶.
east 
adj [attrib 作定语]  1 in or towards the east 在东方的; 向东方的: He lives on the east coast. 他住在东部海岸地区.  2 (of winds) from the east （指风）从东方来的: an east wind 东风. Cf 参看 easterly.
east 
adv towards the east 向东方地: My window faces east. 我的窗户朝东. * We are travelling east. 我们向东方旅行. * a town east of the Danube 多瑙河以东的一个城镇.
eastward
/ 5i:stwEd; `istwLd/ adj towards the east 向东的; 向东方的: in an eastward direction 在向东的方向.
eastward, eastwards 
adv: to travel eastwards 向东方旅行. =>Usage at forward2 用法见forward2.
eastbound
/ 5i:stbaUnd; `ist9baJnd/ adj travelling towards the east 向东方旅行的: Is this the eastbound train? 这是东行列车吗? * the eastbound section of the motorway 高速公路的东行段.
the East End 
(Brit) thickly populated, mainly working-class part of East London 东区（伦敦东部的工人居住区, 人口稠密）. Cf 参看 the West End (west). 
East-Ender 
n person living in the East End 在伦敦东区居住的人.
Easter
/ 5i:stE(r); `istL/ n annual Christian festival, that occurs on a Sunday in March or April, and celebrates the resurrection of Christ after the crucifixion; period about this time 复活节（基督徒一年一度的节日, 於3月或4月的一个星期日, 纪念耶稣在十字架上受刑死後复活）; 复活节期间: [attrib 作定语] ,Easter `Day 复活节日 * ,Easter `Sunday 复活节星期日 * `Easter week, ie the week beginning on Easter Sunday 复活节周（自复活节星期日起的一周） * the Easter holidays 复活节假期.
Easter egg 
egg made of chocolate or a hen's egg with a painted or dyed shell, eaten at Easter 复活节彩蛋.
easterly
/ 5i:stElI; `istLlI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语], adv  1 in or towards the east 在东面（的）; 向东面（的）: in an easterly direction 朝东的方向.  2 (of winds) blowing from the east （指风）从东方吹来（的）: an easterly wind 东风.
easterly 
n wind blowing from the east 东风: strong easterlies at sea 海上的强劲东风.
eastern
/ 5i:stEn; `istLn/ (also Eastern) adj [attrib 作定语] of, from or living in the east part of the world or of a specified region 东方的; 东部的; 来自东方的; 来自东部的; 居於东方的; 居於东部的: Eastern customs, religions, etc 东方的习俗、 宗教等 * the eastern seaboard of the USA 美国东部沿海地区.
easternmost
/ 5i:stEnmEUst; `istLn9most/ adj situated farthest east 位於最东的; 位於极东的: the easternmost city in Europe 欧洲最东的城市.
the Eastern Bloc 
(formerly) communist countries of Eastern Europe considered as a group （旧时）东方集团（东欧共产主义国家, 视为一整体）.
easy
/ 5i:zI; `izI/ adj (-ier, -iest)  1 not difficult; done or obtained without great effort 容易的; 不难的; 不费力的: an easy exam 容易的考试 * It is an easy place to reach. 那是个容易到达的地方. * The place is easy to reach. 那地方容易到达.  2 free from pain, discomfort, anxiety, trouble, etc 不再痛苦的; 舒适的; 安心的; 安逸的: lead an easy life 过安逸舒适的生活 * My mind is easier now. 现在我安心多了. Cf 参看 ease1 1.  3 [attrib 作定语] not stiff or embarrassed 不生硬的; 不死板的; 不拘束的: have easy manners 举止从容.  4 [attrib 作定语] readily exploited, cheated, etc 易上当、 受骗等的: an easy victim 容易吃亏的人 * an easy prey 容易受害的人.  5 (idm 习语) as ,easy as `anything/as `pie/as AB`C/as falling off a `log/as `winking (infml 口) very easy or easily 极容易. easy game person or thing that can easily be attacked, exploited or made a victim 容易受攻击的人或事物; 容易吃亏、 上当、 受害的人. easy/difficult of approach => approach n. ,easy `money money obtained either dishonestly or for little work 横财; 不义之财; 来得容易的钱. ,easy on the `ear/`eye (infml 口) pleasant to listen to or look at 好听的; 好看的: This music's easy on the ear late at night. 这音乐夜晚听起来很好听. an easy/a soft touch => touch2. free and easy => free1. have an easy time (of it) experience no difficulty in doing sth 在做某事物中无困难. on easy `terms (commerce 商) (of a loan) with a low rate of interest, or (of a purchase) allowing the buyer to pay gradually over a long period （指贷款）低息的; （指购物）分期付款的. I'm `easy (infml 口 esp Brit) (replying when a choice has been offered) I have no preference （当被请求选择时, 回答）我无所谓（都一样）. take the easy way out escape from a difficult or an awkward situation by the least demanding (and possibly not the most honourable) course of action 以最省事的做法（可能并非最得体者）回避困难的或尴尬的处境. a woman of easy virtue => woman.
easily
/ 5i:zElI; `izIlI/ adv  1 without difficulty 容易地; 无困难地: I can easily finish it tonight. 我今晚轻而易举就可把它做完.  2 without doubt 无疑地: It's easily the best film I've seen this year. 这无疑是我今年所看过的最好的电影.  3 possibly 可能地: That could easily be the answer we're looking for. 那可能就是我们正在寻找的办法.
easiness 
n [U].
easy chair 
large comfortable armchair 安乐椅.
easygoing 
adj (of people) relaxed in manner; placid and tolerant （指人）随便的; 温和宽容的: My mother doesn't mind who comes to stay, she's very easygoing. 我母亲不在乎有什麽人来住, 她非常随和.
easy
/ 5i:zI; `izI/ adv (-ier, -iest)  1 (as a command 用作命令语) move sth gently and slowly 小心而缓慢地移动某事物: Easy with that chair  one of its legs is loose. 搬那把椅子要小心--有一条腿松了.  2 (idm 习语) easier said than done  more difficult to do than to talk about 说比做容易: `Why don't you get yourself a job?'`That's easier said than done.' ｀你怎麽不找个工作呢?＇｀说起来容易, 找起来难哪.＇ ,easy `come, ,easy `go (saying 谚) sth, esp money, obtained without difficulty is quickly lost or spent 来得容易, 去得快（尤指钱财）: I often win money at cards but never save a penny  `easy come, easy go' is my motto. 我玩纸牌经常赢, 可一分钱也存不住--我的俗话是｀来得容易, 去得快＇. `easy/`gently ,does it (infml 口) this job, etc should be done slowly and carefully 要慢些、 小心些做这事等: Take your time; easy does it. 别著急, 慢慢来. ,go `easy (infml 口) work less hard 省点劲儿; 别那麽卖力: You should go easy, you're getting tired. 你要省点劲儿, 会累坏的. go easy on/with sb/sth (infml 口) be careful, gentle or moderate with sb/sth 对某人[某事物]谨慎、 从容或有节制: Go easy on the milk; we all want some. 牛奶要匀著享用, 我们都想要一些. * You should go easy on (ie be less strict with) that boy; he's only young. 你应该对那个孩子宽容些, 他还小呢. ,stand `easy (as a military command 用作军事口令) stand with more freedom of movement than when at ease (ease1 2) 稍息（比at ease更随便些）. take it/things `easy relax; not work too hard or do too much 放松; 不过分努力; 不做过多: I like to take things easy when I'm on holiday. 我在假日愿意轻松一些.
eat
/ i:t; it/ v (pt ate/ et; ?@ eIt; et/, pp eaten/ 5i:tn; `itn/)  1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (up)/~ sth (up) take (solid food or soup) into the mouth and swallow it for nourishment 吃; 喝（汤）: He was too ill to eat. 他病重得不能吃东西了. * eat up (ie finish eating) now 现在吃完 * Eat (up) your dinner. 你把饭吃（完）了. * Lions eat meat, ie Meat is their diet. 狮子吃肉.  2 [I] have a meal 吃饭: Where shall we eat tonight? 咱们今天晚上在哪儿吃饭?  3 (idm 习语) dog eat dog => dog1. ,eat sb a`live/,eat sb for `breakfast (infml 口) be able to dominate or exploit sb 能支配或剥削某人; 摆布; 宰割: She'll eat him for breakfast. 她将来能降住他. eat one's `heart out (for sb/sth) endure envy, longing, frustration, etc in silence 默默地强忍妒忌、 渴求、 挫折等: Since he left, she's been sitting at home eating her heart out. 他走了以後, 她一直坐在家里, 心如刀割. ,eat humble `pie be very apologetic 赔罪; 赔礼; 道歉: When he realized his mistake, he had to eat humble pie. 他认识到了自己的错误, 只好赔礼道歉. ,eat like a `horse (infml 口) eat a lot 吃得很多. eat out of sb's `hand be submissive and compliant towards sb 听命於某人: She soon had the class eating out of her hand. 她不久就把全班管得服服贴贴了. eat sb out of ,house and `home (infml often joc 口, 常作戏谑语) (of people) eat a lot of food which sb else has paid for （指人）把某人吃穷: I hope your brother won't stay much longer, he's eating us out of house and home! 我希望你弟弟可别住太久了, 他要把咱们给吃穷了! eat oneself `sick (on sth) (infml 口) eat so much (of sth) that one feels or is sick 吃（某物）太多而不适或生病: The children would eat themselves sick on chocolate if I let them. 我要是让孩子由著性儿吃巧克力, 他们会吃出病来. ,eat one's `words admit that what one said was wrong 承认自己说错话. have one's cake and eat it => cake. I'll ,eat my `hat (infml 口) (expression used by sb who believes that sth is so unlikely to happen that even to suggest it is absurd 某人认为发生某事物的可能性迹近荒谬时的用语): Rob's always late  if he gets here on time I'll eat my hat. 罗布总迟到--他要准时到这儿, 我把脑袋给你. the proof of the pudding is in the eating => proof1.  4 (phr v) eat sth away/eat away at sth erode 腐蚀; 侵蚀: The river is eating away at the bank. 河水侵蚀著两岸. eat into sth (a) consume sth; destroy; dissolve; corrode 消耗某事物; 毁坏; 分解; 腐蚀: Acids eat into metal. 酸能腐蚀金属. (b) (fig 比喻) consume a part of sth 消耗某事物的一部分: Paying for that new carpet has eaten into my savings. 付新地毯的款用去了我的一部分储蓄. eat out have a meal in a restaurant, etc rather than at home 在饭馆等处吃饭（不在家中吃）: I'm too tired to cook tonight; shall we eat out? 我今晚累得不想做饭了, 咱们下饭馆好吗? eat sb up (fig 比喻) (usu passive 通常用於被动语态) consume; obsess; worry 操心; 烦扰; 担忧: be eaten up with curiosity, anger, envy, etc 受好奇心、 愤怒、 妒忌等煎熬 * Jealousy was eating him up. 嫉妒心在折磨著他.
eatable 
adj fit to be eaten; good to eat 可吃的; 好吃的: Our school meals are hardly eatable. 我们学校的饭菜简直没法吃. Cf 参看 edible.  n (usu pl 通常作复数); (infml 口) food 食物: Have you brought the eatables? 你带吃的来了吗?
eater 
n  1 person who eats (in a particular way) （以某种方式）吃东西的人: He's a big, greedy, etc eater, ie He eats a lot, eats greedily, etc. 他很能吃、 很贪嘴等.  2 = eating apple.
eats 
n [pl] (infml 口) food ready to be eaten 现成的食物: There were plenty of eats, but not enough to drink. 有很多吃的, 可是没什麽喝的.
eating apple 
type of apple that is suitable for eating uncooked 适宜生吃的苹果（不用於烹饪者）. Cf 参看 cooker 2.
eating-house (also eating-place) 
n restaurant 饭馆; 饭店; 食堂.
eau-de-Cologne
/ 9EU dE kE5lEUn; 9odEkE`lon/ n (also cologne) [U] perfume made originally at Cologne 科隆香水.
eaves
/ i:vz; ivz/ n [pl] overhanging lower edges of a roof 屋檐: birds nesting under the eaves 在屋檐下筑巢的鸟. =>illus at App 1 见附录1之插图, page vii.
eavesdrop
/ 5i:vzdrCp; `ivz9drBp/ v [I, Ipr] (-pp-) ~ (on sb/sth) listen secretly to a private conversation 偷听（私人谈话）: eavesdropping on the discussion, her parents偷听讨论、 偷听她父母谈话. 
eavesdropper 
n.
ebb
/ eb; Zb/ v [I, Ip] ~ (away)  1 (of the tide) go out; recede （指潮水）退落; 退潮; 落潮. Cf 参看 flow 5.  2 (fig 比喻) grow less; become slowly weak or faint 减少; 衰落; 衰退: Daylight was ebbing away. 白昼在逐渐消失. * Our enthusiasm soon began to ebb. 我们的热情不久就凉下来了.
ebb 
n [sing]  1 (usu 通常作 the ebb) (of a tide) the flowing out （指潮水）退落; 退潮; 落潮: The tide is on the ebb, ie is going out. 正在退潮. Cf 参看 flood2 3.  2 (idm 习语) at a low ebb => low1. the ebb and flow (of sth) (of noise, fashions, etc) regular increase and decrease in intensity; constant fluctuation （指声音、 流行式样等）消长, 兴衰; 不断长落, 起伏: the ebb and flow of conversation 谈话声此起彼伏. on the `ebb diminishing; declining 正在减弱; 正在衰退; 正在衰落: My luck is on the ebb. 我的运气每况愈下.
ebb tide
/ 9eb 5taId; `Zb 9taId/ = ebb n 1.
ebony
/ 5ebEnI; `ZbEnI/ n [U] hard black wood of a tropical tree 乌木; 黑檀.
ebony 
adj  1 made of ebony 乌木做的: the ebony keys on a piano 钢琴上的乌木琴键.  2 black 黑色的: ebony skin 黝黑的皮肤.
ebullient
/ I5bQlIEnt, also I5bUlIEnt; I`bQljEnt/ adj full of energy and excitement; exuberant 精力充沛的; 洋溢的; 奔放的.
ebullience
/ -Ens; -Ens/ n [U] state of being ebullient; exuberance 精力充沛; 洋溢; 奔放: She burst into the room with her usual ebullience, and immediately started talking to everyone. 她像往常一样兴高采烈地冲进了房间, 立刻跟大家攀谈起来.
ebulliently 
adv.
EC
/ i:5si:; 9i`si/ abbr 缩写 = East Central 东部中央: London EC1 4PW, ie as a postal code 伦敦EC1 4PW（邮政编码）.
eccentric
/ Ik5sentrIk; Ik`sZntrIk/ adj  1 (of people, behaviour) unusual; peculiar; not conventional or normal （指人、 举止）异常的; 古怪的; 不合常规的; 不正常的: his eccentric habits 他那古怪的习惯 * an eccentric old lady 一位古怪的老太太.  2 (a) (of circles) not having the same centre （指圆形）没有共同圆心的. Cf 参看 concentric. (b) (of orbits) not circular （指轨道）不正圆的. (c) (of planets, etc) moving in an eccentric orbit （指行星等）在不正圆的轨道上运行的.
eccentric 
n  1 eccentric person 古怪的人: The club seemed to be full of eccentrics. 这个俱乐部里好像都是怪人.  2 mechanical device consisting of a disc at the end of a shaft for changing circular movement into backward-and-forward movement 偏心器; 偏心轮.
eccentrically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
eccentricity
/ 9eksen5trIsEtI; 9ZksZn`trIsEtI/ n  1 [U] quality of being eccentric; strangeness of behaviour, etc 古怪; 怪异; 怪僻等: eccentricity of style, clothing, manners, ideas 古怪的样式、 服装、 举止、 想法.  2 [C] instance of this; strange or unusual act or habit 古怪; 怪异; 怪僻: One of his eccentricities is sleeping under the bed instead of on it. 他的怪僻之一是睡觉睡在床底下而不睡在床上.
ecclesiastic
/ I9kli:zI5AstIk; I9klizI`AstIk/ n clergyman (in the Christian Church) （基督教会的）传教士, 牧师.
ecclesiastical
/ -kl; -kl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (a) of clergymen 传教士的; 牧师的. (b) of the Christian Church 基督教会的. 
ecclesiastically
/-klI; -klI/ adv.
ECG
/ 9i: si: 5dVi:; 9i si `dVi/ abbr 缩写 = (medical 医) electrocardiogram: have an ECG test 作心电图检查.
echelon
/ 5eFElCn; `ZFE9lBn/ n  1 level of authority or responsibility; rank in an organization 职权的等级; 级别: the upper echelons of the Civil Service 政府部门的高层.  2 step-like formation of troops, aircraft, ships, etc 梯形编队: aircraft flying in echelon, ie in a line stretching backwards to the left or right 成梯队飞行的飞机.
echo
/ 5ekEU; `Zko/ n (pl ~es)  1 (a) reflection and repetition of a sound, eg from a wall or inside an enclosed space 回声; 回音: This cave has a good echo. 这个洞的回声很大. (b) sound repeated in this way 反覆的回声: If you shout loudly, you'll hear the echo. 如果大声喊, 就能听到回声.  2 (fig 比喻) person or thing that imitates another 模仿的人或事物: He has no original opinions; he's just his father's echo. 他没有主见, 只是随声附和他父亲的意见. * There are many echoes of Shakespeare in his work. 他的作品中有很多处模仿莎士比亚.  3 (idm 习语) to the `echo (dated 旧) long and loudly 长时间而大声地: Her performance was cheered to the echo. 她的表演获得长时间的喝采.
echo-sounder 
n instrument used for determining the depth of sth underneath a ship by measuring the time taken for sound waves to be echoed back from it 回声探测器.
echo
/ 5ekEU; `Zko/ v  1 (a) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (back) (of places) send back (an echo) （指地方）传回（回声）: The valley echoed (back) his song. 山谷中传回他唱歌的回声. (b) [Tn] (fig 比喻) (of people, places, etc) repeat (sth); imitate; recall （指人、 地方等）重复（某事物）; 模仿; 回忆: They echoed their leader's every word. 他们重复领袖的每一句话.  2 [I, Ipr] ~ (to/with sth) (of places) repeat a sound （指地方）产生回声, 发出回声: The hills echoed to the sound of their laughter. 他们的笑声在山中产生回声.  3 [I, Ipr, Ip] (of sounds) be repeated as an echo （指声音）回响, 引起回声: His footsteps echoed (in the empty hall). 他的脚步声（在空荡荡的大堂里）产生了回声. * Their shouts echoed through the forest. 他们的叫喊声在林中回荡.
eclair
/ I5kleE(r), eI5kleE(r); I`klZr, e`klZr/ n (also chocolate eclair) small finger-shaped pastry cake, filled with cream and iced with chocolate 巧克力棒糕（一种奶油馅巧克力糖衣的手指形小点心）.
eclat
/ 5eIklB:; ?@ eI5klB:; e`klB/ n [U]  1 brilliance; conspicuous success 辉煌的成就; 显赫的功绩: to perform with eclat 大为成功地表演.  2 praise; applause 喝采; 鼓掌: Her latest novel was received with great eclat. 她最新的小说备受赞赏.
eclectic
/ I5klektIk; Ik`lZktIk/ adj (fml 文) (of people, beliefs, etc) not restricted to one source of ideas, etc, but choosing from or using a wide range （指人、 信仰等）不局限於一种思想的, 兼收并蓄的, 折衷的: He has an eclectic taste in music. 他爱好各种音乐.
eclectic 
n person who works, thinks, etc in an eclectic way （工作、 思想等）兼容并包的人.
eclectically
/ -tIklI; -tIklI/ adv.
eclecticism
/ I5klektIsIzEm; Ik`lZktI9sIzEm/ n [U].
eclipse
/ I5klIps; I`klIps/ n [C]  1 blocking of the light of the sun (when the moon is between it and the earth) or of the moon (when the earth's shadow falls on it) 日蚀; 月蚀: a total/partial eclipse of the sun 日全[偏]蚀.  2 [C, U] (fig 比喻) loss of brilliance, fame, power, etc 光辉、 声誉、 权势等的丧失: After suffering an eclipse, she is now famous again. 她沉默一时期以後, 现在又名声大噪了. * The writer's name remained in eclipse for many years after his death. 这位作者死後很多年, 名字一直湮没无闻.
eclipse 
v [Tn]  1 (of the moon, the sun, a planet, etc) cause an eclipse of (sth); cut off the light from （指月、 日、 行星等）形成（某种）蚀; 使...的光消失: The sun is partly eclipsed (by the moon). 太阳（被月球）遮住一部分（日偏蚀）.  2 (fig 比喻) make (sb/sth) appear dull by comparison; outshine 使（某人[某事物]）相形见绌; 使黯然失色: He is eclipsed by his wife, who is much cleverer and more amusing than he is. 他妻子比他聪明而有风趣, 显得他黯然失色.
eco-
comb form 构词成分 (usu forming ns 通常用以构成名词) ecological or of ecology 生态的; 生态学的: ecosystem * ecotype.
ecology
/ i:5kClEdVI; i`kBlEdVI/ n [U] (scientific study of) the relation of plants and living creatures to each other and to their surroundings 生态; 生态学: Chemicals in the factory's sewage system have changed the ecology of the whole area. 这座工厂排出的化学物质改变了整个地区的生态.
ecological
/ 9i:kE5lCdVIkl; 9ikE`lBdVIkl/ adj of ecology 生态的; 生态学的: the dangerous ecological effects of industry, eg the pollution of the atmosphere, of rivers, etc 工业对生态的危害（如空气、 河流等的污染等）. 
ecologically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
ecologist
/ i:5kClEdVIst; i`kBlEdVIst/ n student of or expert in ecology 生态学研究者; 生态学家.
Econ
abbr 缩写 = Economics: James Rigg MSc (ie Master of Science)(Econ) 詹姆斯·里格, 理学硕士（经济学）.
economic
/ 9i:kE5nCmIk, 9ekE5nCmIk; 9ikE`nBmIk, 9ZkE`-nBmIk/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] of economics(1), or of an economy 经济学的; 经济的: the government's economic policy 政府的经济政策 * economic development 经济发展 * economic sanctions, ie punishment of another country by reducing or stopping trade with it 经济制裁.  2 [attrib 作定语] connected with trade and industry 与贸易和工业有关的: economic geography, ie studied mainly in connection with industry 经济地理.  3 designed to give a profit 为获取利润的; 有利可图的: an economic rent, ie one that brings the owner at least as much money as he has spent on the house 有利可图的租金（给业主带来至少相当其花费於该房产的钱者） * It is not always economic for buses to run on Sundays. 公共汽车星期日行驶不一定准能赚钱.
economical
/ 9i:kE5nCmIkl, 9ekE5nCmIkl; 9ikE`nBmIkl,9ZkE`nBmIkl/ adj careful in the spending of money, time, etc and in the use of resources; not wasteful 经济的; 节俭的; 省时间的; 节约的: an economical car to run, eg one with low petrol consumption 节油汽车 * She is economical with/in her use of salt when cooking. 她烹饪时用盐很省. * an economical style of writing, ie one that does not waste words 简练的写作风格（不多费笔墨者）. 
economically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv: His scheme is not economically sound. 他的计划在经济上欠妥.
economic
/ 9i:kE5nCmIk, 9ekE5nCmIk; 9ikE`nBmIk, 9ZkE`-nBmIk/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] of economics(1), or of an economy 经济学的; 经济的: the government's economic policy 政府的经济政策 * economic development 经济发展 * economic sanctions, ie punishment of another country by reducing or stopping trade with it 经济制裁.  2 [attrib 作定语] connected with trade and industry 与贸易和工业有关的: economic geography, ie studied mainly in connection with industry 经济地理.  3 designed to give a profit 为获取利润的; 有利可图的: an economic rent, ie one that brings the owner at least as much money as he has spent on the house 有利可图的租金（给业主带来至少相当其花费於该房产的钱者） * It is not always economic for buses to run on Sundays. 公共汽车星期日行驶不一定准能赚钱.
economics
/ 9i:kE5nCmIks, 9ekE5nCmIks; 9ikE`nBmIks,9ZkE`nBmIks/ n [sing v]  1 science or principles of the production, distribution and consumption of goods esp with reference to cost 经济学; 经济原则: the economics of publishing 出版的经济原则.  2 condition of a country as regards its wealth 国家的经济状况: third world economics 第三世界的经济状况.
economize, economise
/ I5kCnEmaIz; I`kBnE9maIz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (on sth) save (money, time, resources, etc); spend less than before; be economical 节省（金钱、 时间、 资源等）; 紧缩开支; 节俭; 节约: Our electricity bills are higher than we can afford  we must start to economize. 我们的电费已经高得付不起了--得节省些了. * economize on petrol 节省汽油.
economist
/ I5kCnEmIst; I`kBnEmIst/ n student of or expert in economics 经济学研究者; 经济学家.
economy
/ I5kCnEmI; I`kBnEmI/ n  1 [C, U] (instance of) avoidance of waste (of money, strength, time, resources, etc) （金钱、 力气、 时间、 资源等的）节省, 节约: practise economy 实行节约 * It's an economy to buy good shoes; they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. 购买质量高的鞋很经济; 虽花钱多, 但比廉价鞋耐穿得多. * [attrib 作定语] We're having an economy drive (ie making a special effort to avoid waste or misuse of resources, etc) at school. 我们学校正开展节约运动（尽 量避免浪费或滥用资源）. * an economy pack, ie a large amount of a product offered for sale at a reduced price 经济装（减价发售的大包装货品） * economy class, ie the cheapest class of (air) travel 经济舱（最低廉的客机舱位）.  2 [U] control and management of money, resources, etc of a community, society, household, etc 理财: political economy 政治经济学 * domestic economy 国内经济.  3 [C] (often 常作 the economy) operation and management of a country's money supply, trade and industry; economic system （国家的）经济管理; 经济制度: The state of the economy is very worrying. 目前的经济状况令人十分担忧. * The economies of Japan and China 日本和中国的经济制度.
ecosystem
/ 5i:kEUsIstEm; `iko9sIstEm/ n ecological unit consisting of a group of plants and living creatures interacting with each other and with their surroundings 生态系统.
ecstasy
/ 5ekstEsI; `ZkstEsI/ n [U, C] (feeling or state of) great joy or happiness 狂喜: in an ecstasy of delight 欣喜若狂 * religious ecstasy 宗教的极乐境界 * be in/go into/be thrown into ecstasy/ecstasies (over sth) （对某事物）心醉神迷.
ecstatic
/ Ik5stAtIk; Ik`stAtIk/ adj causing or showing ecstasy 使人狂喜的; 欣喜若狂的: He was ecstatic at the news of his daughter's birth. 他获悉女儿出生不禁欣喜若狂. 
ecstatically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
ECT
/ 9i: si: 5ti:; 9i si `ti/ abbr 缩写 = (medical 医) electroconvulsive therapy (used eg on psychiatric patients) 电惊厥疗法, 电痉挛疗法（如施用於精神病人者）.
-ectomy
comb form 构词成分 (forming ns 用以构成名词) indicating removal by surgical operation （指通过外科手术）切除, 截除: tonsillectomy * appendectomy.
ectoplasm
/ 5ektEplAzEm; `ZktE9plAzEm/ n [U] substance that is thought by some to flow from a spiritualistic medium during a trance 灵媒体外质（据信为灵媒体在恍惚状态中发出的物质）.
ECU
abbr 缩写 = European Currency Unit (of the Common Market) （欧洲共同市场的）欧洲通货单位.
ecumenical (also oecumenical)
/ 9i:kju:5menIkl, 9ekju:-; 9ZkjJ`mZnIkl/ adj  1 of or representing the whole Christian world or universal Church 全基督教的; 普世教会的; 大公的: an Ecumenical Council, eg of all the Roman Catholic Church as summoned by the Pope 大公会议（如由教皇召集的全体罗马天主教会议）.  2 seeking the unity of the various Christian churches throughout the world 促进全世界基督教会联合的: the ecumenical movement 普世教会运动.
ecumenicalism
/ -kElIzEm; -kE9lIzEm/ (also ecumenism / I5kju:mEnIzEm; `ZkjJmE9nIzEm/) n [U] belief in, or efforts towards, universal Christian unity 普世教会主义; 普世教会运动.
ecumenically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
eczema
/ 5eksImE; ?@ Ig5zi:mE; I^`zimE/ n [U] skin disease causing redness, severe itching and scaling of the skin 湿疹.
B Ed
/ 9bi: 5ed; 9bi `Zd/ abbr 缩写 = Bachelor of Education 教育学士: have/be a B Ed 有教育学士学位[为教育学士] * Dilip Patel B Ed 迪利普·帕特尔教育学士.
Cert Ed
/ 9s\:t 5ed; 9s[t `Zd/ abbr 缩写 = Certificate in Education 教育学证书: have/be a Cert Ed 有教育学证书 * Jim Smith BA Cert Ed 吉姆·史密斯文学士, 持有教育学证书.
Dip Ed
/ 9dIp 5ed; 9dIp `Zd/ abbr 缩写 = Diploma in Education 教育学文凭: have/be a Dip Ed 持有[已获]教育学文凭 * Mary Hall BA Dip Ed 玛丽·霍尔, 文学士、 教育学文凭持有者.
ed
abbr 缩写 =  1 edited (by); edition; editor.  2 educated: Peter Jeffries, b 1932, ed Tonbridge Sch彼得·杰弗里斯, 生於1932年, 曾就读於汤布里奇学校.
-ed (also -d) 
suff 後缀 (with ns forming adjs 与名词结合构成形容词) having (the characteristics of); affected with 有（某种特徵）的; 受...影响的: talented * bigoted * diseased * quick-witted .
Edam
/ 5i:dAm; ?@ also 5i:dEm; `idAm, `idEm/ n [U, C] hard round Dutch cheese, usu yellow with a red rind 埃丹乾酪（荷兰圆形硬乾酪, 通常为黄色, 包有红色外皮）.
eddy
/ 5edI; `ZdI/ n circular or spiral movement of water, air, fog, dust, etc （水、 空气、 雾、 尘埃等的）旋涡; 涡流: Eddies of mist rose from the valley. 山谷中薄雾袅袅. * Eddies of dust swirled in the road. 路上尘埃滚滚.
eddy 
v (pt, pp eddied) [I, Ip] move in or like an eddy; whirl 呈旋涡状运动; 旋转: (fig 比喻) groups of tourists eddying continually about the main square of the city 在该城主要广场上川流不息的成群旅客.
edelweiss
/ 5eIdlvaIs; `edl9vaIs/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) small Alpine plant with white flowers 火绒草（生长於阿尔卑斯高山地带, 开白花）.
Eden
/ 5i:dn; `idn/ n (also the ,garden of `Eden) (Bible 圣经) beautiful garden where Adam and Eve lived in great happiness before they disobeyed God 伊甸园（亚当与夏娃背叛上帝前所居住的美丽乐园）: (fig 比喻) Life is no garden of Eden (ie is unpleasant) at the moment. 现时的生活并非世外桃源.
edge
/ edV; ZdV/ n  1 sharp cutting part of a blade, knife, sword, or some other tool or weapon （刀片、 刀、 剑或其他工具或武器的）锋利部分; 刀口; 锋: a knife with a sharp edge 锋利的刀 * put an edge on an axe, ie sharpen it 给斧子开刃（磨快）.  2 (line marking the) outside limit or boundary of a solid (flat) object, surface or area （扁的固体、 物体表面或一范围的）外围界线, 边缘: the edge of a coin, plate, record 硬币、 盘、 唱片的边 * He fell off the edge of the cliff. 他从悬崖边上　了下来. * Don't put that glass on the edge of the table; it might fall off. 不要把那杯子放在桌边, 可能掉下来. * the water's edge 水边 * He lives at the edge of the forest. 他住在森林边上.  3 (idm 习语) give sb/get the (rough) edge of one's/sb's tongue (infml 口) speak to sb/be spoken to by sb angrily, rudely, critically, etc 痛骂某人[被某人责骂]: Her pupils often got the rough edge of her tongue when they disobeyed her. 学生不听她的话时, 常遭到她粗暴的申斥. have, etc an `edge to one's voice have or show a degree of anger, nervousness, annoyance, etc in the way in which one speaks 言语中流露出愤怒、 不安、 厌烦等情绪: She was trying to remain calm, but there was a distinct edge to her voice. 她竭力想保持冷静, 但她的声音中却显然带著怒气. have, etc an/the edgeon/over sb/sth (infml 口) have, etc a slight advantage over sb/sth 略胜过某人[某事物]: The young tennis player definitely had the edge on his older opponent. 这个年轻的网球运动员显然比那个年纪大的对手略胜一筹. (be) on `edge (be) nervous, excited or irritable 紧张不安的; 兴奋的; 易怒的; 烦躁的: She was a bit on edge till she heard he was safe. 她听到他安然无恙才放下心来. on a razor's edge => razor. set one's teeth on edge => tooth. take the edge off sth reduce, dull or soften sth 减少、 减轻或软化某物: I need a sandwich to take the edge off my appetite. 我需要一份三明治以解腹中之饥. * His brother's failure took the edge off his own success. 他哥哥的失败冲淡了他自己成功的喜悦.
-edged
/ edVd; `ZdVd/ (forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) having an edge or edges of a specified type 有某类刀口、 边缘等的: a ,blunt-edged `knife * a,two-edged re`mark.
edgeways
/ 5edVweIz; `ZdV9wez/ (also edgewise / 5edVwaIz; `ZdV9waIz/) adv  1 with the edge outwards or forwards; sideways 边缘向外或向前; 侧著; 斜著: If you turn it edgeways you'll get the desk through the door. 你把书桌斜过来就能通过这道门.  2 (idm 习语) (not) get a word in edgeways => word.
edging
/ 5edVIN; `ZdVIN/ n [U, C] thing that forms the border or edge of sth 边缘; 边饰: a/some lace edging on a dress 连衣裙上的花边边饰.
edging-shears 
n tool for trimming grass on the edges of a lawn 修剪草坪边缘的工具; 修边剪刀.
edgy
/ 5edVI; `ZdVI/ adj (infml 口) nervous; easily upset or annoyed 紧张的; 易怒的; 暴躁的: She's been very edgy recently, waiting for the examination results. 她最近一直心绪不宁, 等待著考试的结果. * She's always been an edgy type of person. 她一向就是那种情绪紧张的人. 
edgily 
adv. 
edginess 
n [U].
edible
/ 5edIbl; `ZdEbl/ adj fit to be eaten 适宜食用的; 可以吃的: This food is scarcely edible. 这种食物算不上能吃. * edible (ie not poisonous) wild berries 可食用的野莓（无毒的）. Cf 参看 eatable (eat).
edict
/ 5i:dIkt; `idIkt/ n order or proclamation issued by an authority 法令; 敕令; 公告: by edict of the king 根据国王的敕令 * obey the edicts of parliament 服从议会通过的法令.
edification
/ 9edIfI5keIFn; 9ZdEfE`keFEn/ n [U] (fml or joc 文或谑) improvement of mind or character 开导; 启发; 陶冶; 薰陶: I am telling you this simply for your edification. 我只是为了开导你才告诉你这件事的.
edifice
/ 5edIfIs; `ZdEfIs/ n (fml or joc 文或谑) large or imposing building 高大的或宏伟的建筑物: the ruined edifice on the hill 山上毁坏了的大厦 * (fig 比喻) He had high ideals in his youth but gradually the whole edifice crumbled. 他年轻时曾有过崇高的理想, 但渐渐地他的全部希望都破灭了.
edify
/ 5edIfaI; `ZdE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn] (fml or joc 文或谑) improve the mind or character of (sb) 开导或启发（某人）.
edifying 
adj morally or intellectually improving （在道德或智力方面）开导的, 启发的: edifying books 陶冶情操的书籍 * Travel is an edifying experience, especially for young people. 旅游可以使人增广见闻, 年轻人更应该多参加旅游活动.
edit
/ 5edIt; `ZdIt/ v [Tn]  1 prepare (a piece of writing, often another person's) for publication, eg in a book, newspaper, or magazine 编辑: edit a Shakespeare play for use in schools 编辑一部莎士比亚剧本供学校使用 * edit a book of poetry 编辑一本诗集.  2 be responsible for planning, directing and publishing (a newspaper, magazine, etc) 主编（报纸、 杂志等）.  3 prepare (a film, tape recording, radio or television programme, book, etc) by putting together collected parts in a suitable sequence 剪辑（电影、 录音磁带、 无线电或电视节目、 书等）.  4 arrange (data) for processing by a computer （用计算机）编辑（数据）.  5 (phr v) edit sth out (of sth) remove (unwanted words, phrases, etc from a book, script, etc) in the process of editing 在编辑过程中删除（书、 手稿等中的不必要的词语等）: They must have edited bits of the interview out. 他们一定是把这次采访的一部分删掉了.
edition
/ I5dIFn; I`dIFEn/ n  1 (a) form in which a book is published 版本: a paperback, hard-cover, de luxe, etc edition 平装本, 硬皮本, 精装本等. (b) form in which a radio or television programme is broadcast 无线电或电视节目的广播形式.  2 total number of copies of a book, newspaper, etc issued at one time （书报等）一次发行的总数: a first edition 初版 * a revised edition 修订版 * in its sixth edition 出至第六版 * the morning/ evening/ lunch-time edition of a newspaper 报纸的早晨版[晚间版/中午版]. Cf 参看 impression 6, reprint n.
editor
/ 5edItE(r); `ZdItL/ n person who edits (esp abook, newspaper, magazine, radio or television programme) or who is in charge of part of a newspaper 编辑; 编者: the `sports, financial, `fashion editor 体育、 金融、 时装栏编辑. 
editorship 
n [U].
editorial
/ 9edI5tR:rIEl; 9ZdE`tRrIEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of an editor 编辑的: the editorial office 编辑部 * editorial work 编辑工作.
editorial 
n special article in a newspaper, etc, giving an opinion on some topical issue (usu written by the editor) 社论; 社评.
EDP
/ 9i: di: 5pi:; 9i di `pi/ abbr 缩写 = electronic data processing 电子数据处理.
EDT
/ 9i: di: 5ti:; 9i di `ti/ abbr 缩写 = (US) Eastern Daylight Time 东部夏令时间. Cf 参看 EST 1.
educate
/ 5edVUkeIt; `ZdVJ9ket/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb (in sth) train the mind and character of sb; teach sb; provide sb with an education 训练某人的思想和性格; 教某人; 教育某人: The public should be educated in how to use energy more effectively. 公众应受到合理地利用能源的教育. * Parents should educate their children to behave well. 父母应当教育子女守规矩. * Where were you educated? ie Which school(s), etc did you go to? 你在哪（些）所学校学习过? =>Usage at teach用法见teach.
educated
/ 5edVUkeItId; `ZdVJ9ketId/ adj  1 having been educated 受过教育的; 受过训练的: a highly educated woman 有高度教养的妇女 * self-educated 自修的 * educated tastes in art 在艺术方面有修养的鉴赏力.  2 (idm 习语) an ,educated `guess guess based on experience (and therefore probably correct) 根据经验做出的猜测（因此可能是正确的）.
educator 
n person who educates (esp professionally) 教育工作者; 教育家; 训练者.
education
/ 9edVU5keIFn; 9ZdVJ`keFEn/ n [U]  1 (system of) training and instruction (esp of children and young people in schools, colleges, etc) designed to give knowledge and develop skills 教育; 教育体制: A child receives its early education at home. 幼儿在家接受早期教育. * primary/secondary/tertiary/adult education 初等[中等/高等/成人]教育 * No country can afford to neglect the education of its young people. 任何国家都不能疏忽对年轻人的教育.  2 knowledge, abilities and the development of character and mental powers that result from such training （接受教育而获得的）知识, 能力, 修养, 智力: intellectual, moral, physical, etc education 智育、 德育、 体育等.  3 field of study dealing with how to teach 教育学: a college of education 教育学院 * a lecturer in education 教育学讲师.
educational
/ -FEnl; -FEnl/ adj of, about or providing education 教育的; 与教育有关的; 有教育意义的: an educational magazine 教育杂志 * I found the experience most educational. 我认为这一经历极有教益. 
educationally
/ -FEnElI; -FEnElI/ adv.
educationist
/ 9edVU5keIFEnIst; 9ZdVJ`keFEnIst/ (also educationalist / 9edVU5keIFEnElIst; 9ZdVJ`keFEnlIst/) n specialist in education 教育家.
-ee
suff 後缀  1 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) person affected by 受动者: employee * payee. Cf 参看 -er, -or.  2 (with adjs, vs and ns forming ns 与形容词、 动词、 名词结合构成名词) person described as or concerned with 形容为...的人; 与...有关的人: absentee * refugee.
EEC
/ 9i: i: 5si:; 9i i `si/ abbr 缩写 = European Economic Community (the Common Market) 欧洲经济共同体（共同市场）: join the EEC 加入欧洲经济共同体 * EEC members 欧洲经济共同体成员.
EEG
/ 9i: i: 5dVi:; 9i i `dVi/ abbr 缩写 = (medical 医) electroen-cephalogram: give sb an EEG 给某人做脑电图.
eel
/ i:l; il/ n long snake-like fish that is difficult to catch hold of 鳗; 鳗鲡; 白鳝: jellied eels, ie cooked and eaten cold in a savoury jelly 鳗鱼冻.
-eer
suff 後缀  1 (with ns forming ns 与名词结合构成名词) person concerned with 与...有关的人: auctioneer * mountaineer.  2 (with ns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) (often derog 常作贬义) be concerned with 与...有关: electioneer * profiteer.
eerie (also eery)
/ 5IErI; `IrI/ adj (-ier, -iest) causing a feeling of mystery and fear 引起神秘和恐怖感觉的; 可怕的; 怪异的: an eerie scream 恐怖的尖叫 * an eerie silence 可怕的沉寂. 
eerily
/ 5IErElI; `IrIlI/ adv. 
eeriness
/ 5IErInIs; `IrInIs/ n [U].
eff
/ ef; Zf/ v (<!> euph 讳, 婉) (phr v) eff off go away; fuck off 走开; 滚开: I told him to eff off. 我叫他滚蛋. 
effing 
adj: It's an effing nuisance. 真是混帐事.
efface
/ I5feIs; I`fes/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 rub or wipe (sth) out; cause to fade 擦去, 抹掉（某事物）; 使淡薄; 使逐渐消失: Time and weather had long ago effaced the inscription on the monument. 岁月和风雨早已磨掉纪念碑上的铭文. * Time alone will efface those unpleasant memories. 只有时间才能使人淡忘那些不快的记忆.  2 ~ oneself keep in the background in order to escape being noticed; make oneself appear unimportant 使自己不被人注意; 使自己显得无足轻重. 
effacement 
n [U].
effect
/ I5fekt; I`fZkt/ n  1 [C, U] ~ (on sb/sth) change produced by an action or cause; result or outcome 效应; 结果; 後果: the effects of heat on metal 热对金属产生的效应 * Did the medicine have any effect/a good effect? 这药有什麽疗效[疗效好]吗? * The film had quite an effect on her. 这影片对她影响极大. * I tried to persuade him, but with little or no effect. 我尽力劝他, 他根本不听.  2 [C, U] impression produced on the mind of the spectator, listener, reader, etc (esp in plays, films, broadcasts, paintings, etc) （观众、 听众、 读者等）头脑 中所产生的印象（尤指在戏剧、 电影、 广播、 绘画等方面）: The general effect of the painting is overwhelming. 这幅画给人总的印象是很有气势. * The stage lighting gives the effect of a moonlit scene. 舞台灯光产生月夜景色的效果. * She only dresses like that for the effect it creates/for effect. 她仅仅为了装样子才那样打扮. * The science fiction film had some marvellous special effects. 这部科幻电影有些特殊效果美妙绝伦.  3 effects [pl] (fml or law 文或律) personal property; possessions 个人财产; 财物: personal effects 个人财产 * household effects 家庭财物.  4 (idm 习语) bring/put sth into ef`fect cause sth to come into use 使某物开始使用: The new system will soon be put into effect. 新系统即将启用. come into ef`fect (esp of laws, rules, etc ) reach the stage of being in use （尤指法律、 规则等）实行, 实施: The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. 新的安全带规则上周开始实施. give effect to sth (fml 文) cause sth to become active or produce a result 使某事物实行起来; 使生效: The new ruling gives effect to the recommendations of the special committee. 这一新裁定使特别委员会的推荐生效. in ef`fect (a) for practical purposes; in fact 实际上; 事实上: The two systems are, in effect, identical. 这两种制度实际上一模一样. (b) (of a rule, law, etc) in use （指规则、 法律等）有效: Some ancient laws are still in effect. 有些古时的法律现在仍然有效. of/to no ef`fect not having the result intended or hoped for 没有预期的或希望的结果; 无效: My warning was of no effect. 我的警告无济於事. * We warned them, but to no effect. 我们警告过他们, 但完全没用. strain after effects/an effect => strain1. take ef`fect (a) produce the result intended or required 产生预期的或要求的结果; 生效: The aspirins soon took effect. 服下的阿司匹林药片很快见效了. (b) come into force or use; become active 实施; 实行; 起作用: The new law takes effect from tomorrow. 新法令明日起实行. to good, etc ef`fect producing a good, etc result or impression 产生好的等结果或印象: The room shows off her paintings to good effect. 这个房间把她绘画的优点充分显示出来. to this/that ef`fect with this/that meaning or information 有这样[那样]的意思或内容: He told me to get out, or words to that effect. 他说了一句叫我走开之类的话. to the effect that... with the meaning, or giving the information, that... 大意为...: He left a note to the effect that he would not be returning. 他留下一张字条, 大意是说他不回来了.
effect 
v [Tn] (fml 文) bring (sth) about; cause to occur 使（某事物）产生; 使发生; 引起: effect a cure, a change, a sale 产生疗效、 引起变化、 实行大减价. =>Usage at affect1 用法见affect1.
effective
/ I5fektIv; I`fZktIv/ adj  1 (a) having an effect; producing the intended result 有效的; 产生预期结果的: effective measures to reduce unemployment 减少失业的有效措施 * The law is no longer effective. 该法令已失效. (b) making a striking impression 产生深刻印象的: a very effective colour scheme 非常醒目的色调 * an effective speech 精彩的演说.  2 [attrib 作定语] (a) actual or existing 实际的; 实在的; 现有的: the effective membership of a society 现有的全体会员. (b) fit for service or work 适於承担任务或工作的: the effective strength of the army 军队的战斗力.
effectively 
adv  1 in an effective way 有效地.  2 for practical purposes; in effect 事实上; 实际上: This means that effectively we have no chance of finishing on time. 这意味著我们实际上没有可能准时完成.
effectiveness 
n [U].
effectual
/ I5fektFUEl; I`fZktFJEl/ adj (fml 文) (not used of people) producing the intended result （不用於指人）产生预期结果的, 有效的: take effectual action, measures, steps, etc 采取有效行动、 措施、 步骤等. 
effectually
/ -ElI; -ElI/ adv.
effeminate
/ I5femInEt; I`fZmEnIt/ adj (derog 贬) (of a man or his behaviour) like a woman; unmanly （指男人或其行为）像女人的; 没男子气的: an effeminate manner, voice, walk 像女人的举止、 声音、 走路姿态.
effeminacy
/ I5femInEsI; I`fZmEnEsI/ n [U]. 
effeminately
/ -lI; -lI/ adv.
effervesce
/ 9efE5ves; 9ZfL`vZs/ v  1 [I] (of a liquid) release bubbles of gas; fizz （指液体）释放出气泡, 嘶嘶起泡.  2 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) (fml 文) (of people) be happy, lively and excited （指人）愉快、 活跃而兴奋.
effervescence
/ 9efE5vesns; 9ZfL`vZsns/ n [U]. 
effervescent
/ -snt; -snt/ adj.
effete
/ I5fi:t; I`fit/ adj (a) weak, having lost power衰弱的; 丧失权力的: an effete civilization, empire, government, etc 衰落的文明、 没落的帝国、 软弱的政府. (b) lacking vitality and strength; feeble 缺乏活力和力量的; 虚弱的: an effete young man 无精打彩的年轻人. 
effeteness 
n [U].
efficacious
/ 9efI5keIFEs; 9ZfE`keFEs/ adj (fml 文) (not of people) producing the desired result; effective （不用以指人）有效的: an efficacious treatment, medicine, etc 有效的治疗、 药品等.
efficaciously 
adv.
efficacy
/ 5efIkEsI; `ZfEkEsI/ n [U] state or quality of being efficacious 有效性; 效能; 功效: test the efficacy of a new drug 测试新药的效能.
efficient
/ I5fIFnt; I`fIFEnt/ adj  1 (of people) able to work well; capable （指人）能胜任的; 有能力的: an efficient secretary, teacher, administrator, etc 能干的秘书、 教师、 行政人员等 * He's efficient at his job. 他胜任工作.  2 (esp of tools, machines, systems, etc) producing a satisfactory result without wasting time or energy （尤指工具, 机器, 系统等）有效力的: an efficient new filing system 有效的新归档系统.
efficiency
/ I5fIFnsI; I`fIFEnsI/ n [U] state or quality of being efficient 能力; 效力; 效能.
efficiently
/ -lI; -lI/ adv: get industry running more efficiently 使工业经营管理效率更高.
effigy
/ 5efIdVI; `ZfEdVI/ n  1 [C] carved figure or model representing a person or animal （人或动物的）雕像, 肖像, 模拟像: stone effigies of Buddha 石雕佛像 * On 5 November British children burn effigies of Guy Fawkes. 每逢11月5日英国儿童都焚烧盖伊·福克斯的模拟像.  2 (idm 习语) in effigy as a model 作为模拟像: burn sb in effigy, ie make a model of sb and burn it as a sign of hatred, etc 烧某人的模拟像（泄愤等）.
efflorescence
/ 9eflR:5resns; 9ZflR`rZsns/ n [U] (fml esp fig 文, 尤作比喻) action or time of bursting into flower 开花; 花期: a period of great efflorescence in the arts 艺术的全盛时期. 
efflorescent
/ -snt; -snt/ adj.
effluent
/ 5eflUEnt; `ZflJEnt/ n  1 [U, C] (discharge of) liquid waste matter, sewage, etc, eg from a factory into a river 废液、 污水等（的排放）（如从工厂排到河流）: The effluent from the factory makes the river unsafe for swimming. 工厂放出的废水把这条河弄得不能游泳了.  2 [C] stream flowing from a larger stream or from a lake （从河或湖中流出的）支流, 小水流.
effort
/ 5efEt; `ZfLt/ n  1 [U] use of (much) strength and energy (to do sth) （做某事物使用的）力量和精力: a waste of time and effort 时间和精力的浪费 * They lifted the heavy rock without effort. 他们没费劲就把那块沉重的石头抬起来了. * He must put more effort into his work. 他必须更加努力工作.  2 [C] ~ (to do sth) energetic attempt; struggle 努力; 奋斗: His efforts were much appreciated. 大家都夸他很努力. * It was a real effort to stay awake through the film. 真要强打著精神才能看完整部电影. * I will make every effort (ie do all I can) to arrive on time. 我将尽一切努力准时到达.  3 [C] result of an attempt 努力的结果: That's a good effort, ie That has been well done. 这事干得不错.
effortless 
adj needing no or little effort 不需努力的; 不费力的: She plays with seemingly effortless skill. 她演奏得似乎毫不费力. 
effortlessly 
adv. 
effortlessness 
n [U].
effrontery
/ I5frQntErI; I`frQntErI/ n (a) [U] boldness or rudeness without shame; impertinence 厚颜无耻; 傲慢; 鲁莽; 无礼: He had the effrontery to say I was lying. 他竟敢说我撒谎. (b) [C esp pl 尤作复数] (fml 文) instance of this 厚颜无耻的行为; 傲慢鲁莽的举止: Everyone is tired of their blatant effronteries. 大家都厌恶他们粗俗.
effusion
/ I5fju:Vn; I`fjuVEn/ n  1 (fml 文) (a) [U] pouring out, esp of liquid 倾出; 流出: an effusion of blood 流血. (b) [C] quantity poured out 流出的量.  2 [C] (usu derog 通常作贬义) (esp unrestrained) pouring out of thoughts and feelings in words （尤指无约束的）思想和感情的流露; 抒发感情: poetical effusions 诗情奔放 * effusions in love letters 情书中的绵绵情意.
effusive
/ I5fju:sIv; I`fjusIv/ adj (often derog 常作贬义) showing (too much) feeling; too emotional （过分）流露感情的; 太动感情的: Her effusive thanks embarrassed everybody. 她道谢时非常激动, 弄得大家不好意思. 
effusively 
adv. 
effusiveness 
n [U].
EFL
/ 9i: ef 5el; 9i Zf `Zl/ abbr 缩写 = (teaching, learning or studying) English as a Foreign Language 作为外语的英语（教学或研究）. Cf 参看 ESL.
EFTA (also Efta)
/ 5eftE; `ZftE/ abbr 缩写 = European Free Trade Association 欧洲自由贸易联盟: In 1972 Britain left EFTA and joined the EEC. 1972年英国脱离欧洲自由贸易联盟, 加入了欧洲经济共同体.
eg
/ 9i: 5dVi:; 9i `dVi/ abbr 缩写 = for example; for instance (Latin exempli gratia) 例如（源自拉丁文exempli gratia）: popular pets, eg dogs, cats, rabbits, etc 大家喜爱的宠物, 如狗、 猫、 兔等. =>Usage at viz 用法见viz.
egalitarian
/ I9gAlI5teErIEn; I9^AlE`tZrIEn/ n, adj (person) showing or holding a belief in equal rights, benefits and opportunities for everybody 平等主义的; 平等主义者: an egalitarian attitude to voting 对投票持平等主义的态度. 
egalitarianism
/ -IzEm; -IzEm/ n [U]
egg
/ e^; Z^/ n  1 [C] in female mammals the cell from which the young is formed; ovum 卵; 卵子; 卵细胞: The male sperm fertilizes the female egg. 雄性的精子使雌性的卵子受精.  2 (a) [C] oval object from which young are hatched, laid by birds, reptiles, insects, etc and usu covered by a thin hard shell （鸟类、 爬行动物、 昆虫等产的）卵, 蛋: The hen laid a large brown egg. 这只母鸡下了一个大红皮蛋. * The blackbird's nest contained four eggs. 黑鹂巢里有四个蛋. * ants' eggs 蚂蚁卵. =>illus 见插图. (b) [U, C] (contents of) this, esp from a hen, used as food （用作食物的）蛋; （尤指）鸡蛋: You've got some egg (ie a bit of cooked egg) on your shirt. 你衬衫上沾了些鸡蛋. * Do you want a boiled egg for breakfast? 你早饭要吃煮鸡蛋吗? * ducks' eggs 鸭蛋.  3 (idm 习语) a bad `egg/`lot (dated infml 旧, 口) person considered to be dishonest and unreliable 不忠诚和不可信任的人; 坏蛋; 坏人. a curate's egg => curate. get, have, be left with, etc `egg on/all over one's face (infml 口) appear foolish 显得愚蠢: He was left with egg all over his face when his forecast was proved wrong. 他的预言证实是错的, 他显得很尴尬. kill the goose that lays the golden egg => kill. make an omelette without breaking eggs => omelette. ,put all one's ,eggs in/into one `basket risk everything one has on the success of one plan, eg by putting all one's money into one business 孤注一掷（如将所有的钱投入一项生意上）. teach one's grandmother to suck eggs => teach.
egg-beater 
n = egg-whisk.
egg-cup 
n small cup for holding a boiled egg 蛋杯（盛煮鸡蛋的小杯）. =>illus 见插图.
egghead 
n (infml derog 口, 贬) very intellectual person 很有学问的人: The eggheads at the university know nothing about business. 大学的饱学之士对做生意一窍不通.
egg-plant 
n [C, U] (esp US) = aubergine.
eggshell 
n hard thin outer part of an egg 蛋壳. eggshell `china very fine thin type of china 非常薄的细瓷器. eggshell `paint type of paint that is neither glossy nor matt 蛋壳漆（一种光泽既不亮又不暗的漆）.
egg-timer 
n device for measuring time when boiling eggs 煮蛋计时器.
egg-whisk (also egg-beater) 
n device for beating eggs 打蛋器.
egg
/ eg; Z^/ v (phr v) egg sb on (to do sth) urge or strongly encourage sb to do sth 怂恿或鼓励某人做某事: I didn't want to do it but Peter kept egging me `on. 我本不想做那件事, 但彼得一直怂恿我.
eglantine
/ 5eglEntaIn; `Z^lEn9taIn/ (also sweet-briar) n [U] type of wild rose 多花蔷薇; 野蔷薇.
alter ego
/ 9AltEr 5egEU; ?@ 5i:gEU; `AltL`i^o/ (pl alter egos) (Latin 拉) intimate friend; person very like oneself 知己; 至友; 挚友; 至交; 极像自己的人: He's my alter ego  we go everywhere together. 他是我的知己--彼此形影不离.
ego
/ 5egEU; ?@ 5i:gEU; `i^o/ n  1 (psychology 心) individual's perception or experience of himself, esp in relation to other people or to the outside world; part of the mind that can think, feel and act 自我. Cf 参看 id, super-ego.  2 (infml 口) self-esteem 自尊; 自负: Losing the match made quite a dent in his ego. 比赛失败对他的自尊心打击极大.
ego-trip 
n (sl 俚) self-centred activity 以自我为中心的活动: (derog 贬) Her life is just one big ego-trip. 她一生都是以自我为中心.
egocentric
/ 9egEU5sentrIk; ?@ 9i:g-; 9i^o`sZntrIk/ adj considering only oneself; self-centred 只考虑自己的;以自我为中心的. 
egocentricity
/ -sen5trIsEtI;-sZn`trIsEtI/ n [U].
egoism
/ 5egEUIzEm; ?@ 5i:g-; `i^o9IzEm/ n [U]  1 (usu derog 通常作贬义) state of mind in which one is always thinking about oneself and what is best for oneself 总考虑个人和个人利益; 自私自利.  2 (philosophy 哲) theory that our actions are always caused by a wish to benefit ourselves 利己主义; 自我主义. Cf 参看 altruism.
egoist
/ -Ist; -Ist/ n person who believes in or shows egoism 自私自利的人; 利己主义者; 自我主义者. 
egoistic
/ 9egEU5IstIk; ?@ 9i:g-; 9i^o`IstIk/, egoistical /-kl; -kEl/ adjs of an egoist 自私自利的; 利己主义者的; 自我主义者的: an egoistic act 自私自利的行为. 
egoistically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
egotism
/ 5egEUtIzEm; ?@ 5i:g-; `i^E9tIzEm/ n [U] (usu derog 通常作贬义) practice of talking too often or too much about oneself; selfishness 自我中心; 自私自利.
egotist
/ -tIst; -tIst/ n person who practises or shows egotism; selfish person 自我中心者; 自私自利者. 
egregious
/ I5gri:dVIEs; I`^ridVIEs/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (fml 文) (usu of sb/sth bad 通常指坏人[坏事物]) exceptional; outstanding 异乎寻常的; 突出的; 显著的: egregious incompetence, cowardice, etc 极其无能、 胆怯...的表现 * an egregious fool 大傻瓜.
egregiously 
adv.
egress
/ 5i:gres; `i^rZs/ n  1 [U] (law 律) (right of) going out 外出; 外出权.  2 [C] (dated fml 旧, 文) way out; exit 出路; 出口. Cf 参看 ingress.
egret
/ 5i:grIt; `i^rIt/ n type of heron with beautiful long white tail-feathers 白鹭.
eh
/ eI; e/ interj (infml 口) (used to express surprise or doubt, to invite agreement, or to ask for sth to be repeated 用以表示惊奇或怀疑、 徵求同意或请求重复某事): `That was a good film, eh?' ｀那是一部好影片, 对吗?＇ * `I want to go home!' `Eh?' `I said I want to go home!' ｀我想回家!＇｀嗯?＇｀我说我想回家!＇
eiderdown
/ 5aIdEdaUn; `aIdLdaJn/ n quilt for a bed filled with soft feathers or other soft material 用羽绒或其他轻软物填充的被褥. Cf 参看 duvet.
eight
/ eIt; et/ pron, det 8; one more than seven  8, 八（个）. =>App 4 见附录4.
eight 
n  1 the number 8 八.  2 crew of eight people in a rowing boat 划艇的八人一组的船员: Is the Oxford eight winning? 牛津的划艇队能赢吗?  3 (idm 习语) have had ,one over the `eight (infml 口) be slightly drunk 微醉.
eight- 
(in compounds 用以构成复合词) having eight of the thing specified 有八个...的.
eighth
/ eItW; etW/ pron, det 8th; next after seventh 第8, 第八（个）.  n one of eight equal parts of sth 八分之一.
eightsome
/ 5eItsEm; `etsEm/ n  1 group of eight people 八人一组.  2 game played by eight people 八人玩的游戏.  3 (also ,eightsome `reel) lively Scottish dance for eight dancers 八人跳的轻快的苏格兰舞. For the uses of eight and eighth see the examples at five and fifth. 关於eight和eighth的用法见five和fifth词条中的示例.
eighteen
/ 9eI5ti:n; e`tin/ pron, det 18; one more than seventeen  18, 十八（个）. =>App 4 见附录4.
eighteen 
n the number 18 十八.
eighteenth
/ 9eI5ti:nW; e`tinW/ pron, det 18th; next after seventeenth 第18, 第十八（个）.  n one of eighteen equal parts of sth 十八分之一. For the uses of eighteen and eighteenth see the examples at five and fifth. 关於eighteen和eighteenth的用法见five和fifth词条中的示例.
eighty
/ 5eItI; `etI/ pron, det 80; one more than seventy-nine  80, 八十（个）. =>App 4 见附录4.
eightieth
/ 5eItIEW; `etIIW/ pron, det 80th; next after seventy-ninth 第80, 第八十（个）.  n one of eighty equal parts of sth 八十分之一.
eighty 
n  1 [C] the number 80 *80;八十.  2 the eighties [pl] numbers, years or temperature from 80 to 89 从80到89的数目、 年数或温度.  3 (idm 习语) in one's eighties between the ages of 80 and 90 在80岁到90岁之间. For the uses of eighty and eightieth see the examples at fifty, five and fifth. 关於eighty和eightieth的用法见fifty、 five和fifth词条中的示例.
eisteddfod
/ 9aI5steTvCd; aI`stZTvBd/ n annual gathering in Wales where poets and musicians compete 在威尔士举行的诗人与音乐家的比赛年会.
either
/ 5aITE(r), 5i:TE(r); `iTL/ indef det, indef pron one or the other of two （两者中的）一个. (a) (det): You can park on either side of the street. 在街道的哪边停车都可以. * Keep either one of the forms. 两张表格保留哪张都行. * There's a staircase at either end (ie both ends) of the corridor. 走廊两端都有楼梯. (b) (pron) (used with a sing v 与单数动词连用): I've bought two cakes  you can have either. 我买了两块蛋糕--你要哪块都行. * Take one of the books on the table  either of them will do. 从桌上拿一本书--两本中哪本都可以. 
either 
indef adv 1 (used after two negative vs 用於两个否定式之後): I don't like the red shirt and I don't like the green one either, ie I dislike both the red shirt and the green one. 我不喜欢这件红衬衫, 也不喜欢这件绿衬衫. * Mary won't go and Peter won't go either. 玛丽不去, 彼得也不去. (Cf 参看...and neither will Peter. ) * He can't hear and he can hardly speak either. 他既听不见也几乎不能说话. =>Usage at also用法见also.  2 (used to emphasize a negative phrase 用於强调含否定意义的短语): I know a good Italian restaurant. It's not far from here, either. 我知道一家很好的意大利餐馆, 离这儿并不远.  3 either...or... (used to show a choice of two alternatives 用於表示在两个可能性中任择其一): either French or Spanish 或法国的或西班牙的 * I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了, 就是放在抽屉里了. * You can either write or phone to request a copy. 既可以写信也可以打电话索取一本.
ejaculate
/ I5dVAkjUleIt; I`dVAkjE9let/ v  1 [I] eject or rapidly discharge fluid, esp semen, from the body （从体内）射出或迅速排出液体; （尤指）射精.  2 [I, Tn] (fml 文) say (sth) suddenly and briefly; exclaim 突然而简短地说（某事）; 呼喊.
ejaculation
/ I9dVAkjU5leIFn; I9dVAkjE`leFEn/ n  1 [C, U] sudden discharge or ejection of fluid, esp semen, from the body 从体内突然排出或射出液体; （尤指）射精.  2 [C] (fml 文) thing said suddenly and briefly; exclamation 突然说出的简短的话; 呼喊: an ejaculation of surprise 突然的惊叫.
eject
/ I5dVekt; I`dVZkt/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) force sb/sth out; expel sb/sth 强迫某人[某物]出去; 驱逐; 逐出某人[某物]: The noisy youths were ejected from the cinema. 吵闹的青年人都已从影院驱逐出去. * Cartridges are ejected from the gun after firing. 开枪後子弹壳从枪膛弹出.  2 [Tn] send (sth) out, usu violently or suddenly 喷出（某物）: lava ejected from a volcano 从火山喷出的熔岩.  3 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth) be thrown quickly from an aircraft in an emergency, so that one can descend by parachute 在紧急情况下将人从飞行器中弹出（以便用降落伞降落）: As the plane fell rapidly towards the ground, the pilot had to eject. 在飞机迅速落向地面时, 驾驶员只得弹射出来.
ejection
/ I5dVekFn; I`dVZkFEn/ n [U].
ejector
/ I5dVektE(r); I`dVZktL/ n device for ejecting people or things 弹射器（弹射人或物的装置）. ejector seat (US also ejection seat) seat in an aircraft that allows the pilot to eject(3) （飞行器上的）弹射座椅.
eke
/ i:k; ik/ v (phr v) eke sth out (a) make a small supply of sth last longer by adding sth else to it or by using it sparingly 使小量物品用的时间长（靠节省用量或以他物弥补）: They eked out their coal by collecting firewood. 他们拣拾木柴以补充煤的不足. (b) manage to make (a living) laboriously by doing this 竭力维持（生活）: eking out a meagre existence 勉强维持贫困的生活.
elaborate
/ I5lAbErEt; I`lAbErIt/ adj very detailed and complicated; carefully prepared and finished 详尽而复杂的; 精心制作的: elaborate plans 详尽的计划 * an elaborate hairstyle 复杂的发型 * an elaborate five-course meal 有五道菜的一顿盛馔.
elaborate
/ I5lAbEreIt; I`lAbE9ret/  1 v [Tn] (fml 文) work (sth) out in detail 详细制定（某事物）: Please elaborate your plan. 请做出详细的计划.  2 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sth) describe or explain sth in detail 详尽解释或说明某事; 阐述: You understand the situation; I needn't elaborate any further. 你了解形势, 我无须赘述. elaboration/ I9lAbE5reIFn; I9lAbE`reFEn/ n  1 [U] working sth out, or discussing sth, in detail 详细制定, 详尽讨论某事物: the further elaboration of a theory 对一理论的深入探讨.  2 [C] additional, usu unnecessary, detail 附加细节（通常为不必要的）: The elaborations of the plot made it a difficult book to read. 这本书因内容节外生枝而很难懂.
elaborately 
adv: an elaborately decorated room 精心布置的房间.
elaborateness 
n [U] state of being elaborate 详尽; 复杂; 精心制作.
elan
/ eI5lB:n; e`lD/ n [U] (French 法) vivacity; impetuousity; enthusiasm 活力; 冲动; 热情: performing with great elan 演出声情并茂.
eland
/ 5i:lEnd; `ilEnd/ n large African antelope 大角斑羚（非洲大羚羊）.
elapse
/ I5lAps; I`lAps/ v [I] (fml 文) (of time) pass （指时间）过去, 消逝: Three years have elapsed since we last met. 我们上次相见至今已过了三年.
elastic
/ I5lAstIk; I`lAstIk/ adj  1 returning to its normal or previous size or shape after being pulled or pressed 有弹性的; 弹力的: a bra with elastic straps 有松紧带的乳罩 * Rubber is elastic. 橡皮有弹性.  2 (fig 比喻) not fixed or unalterable; adaptable; flexible 非固定的或不可改变的; 适应性强的; 灵活的: Our plans are fairly elastic. 我们的计划相当灵活.
elastic 
n [U]  1 elastic cord or material, usu made with rubber thread 松紧带: The elastic in my pants has gone, ie has broken or perished. 我裤子的松紧带坏了（断了或老化了）. * [attrib 作定语] an elastic bandage 弹性松紧带.  2 (US) = rubber band (rubber).
elasticate
/ I5lAstIkeIt; I`lAstE9ket/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] insert elastic into (a fabric or garment) 将松紧带插入（织物或衣服）: a dress with an elasticated top 上部有松紧带的连衣裙 * an elasticated belt 有松紧带的腰带.
elasticity
/ 9elA5stIsEtI; ?@ I9lA-; I9lAs`tIsEtI/ n [U] quality of being elastic 弹性; 弹力; 灵活性; 适应性.
elastic band 
(US) = rubber band (rubber).
Elastoplast
/ I5lAstEplB:st, -plAst; I`lAstE9plAst/ n [U] (Brit propr 专利名) adhesive dressing for cuts, etc 弹性松紧带.
elated
/ I5leItId; I`letId/ adj ~ (at/by sth) in high spirits; very happy or proud 情绪高昂的; 兴高采烈的; 非常愉快或自豪的: an elated smile 沾沾自喜的微笑 * She was elated at/by the news. 她听到这个消息喜出望外.
elatedly
/ I5leItIdlI; I`letIdlI/ adv.
elation
/ I5leIFn; I`leFEn/ n [U] high spirits; joy 兴高采烈; 欢欣鼓舞: She was filled with elation when her daughter was born. 她女儿出生时她十分欢喜.
elbow
/ 5elbEU; `Zl9bo/ n  1 (outer part of the) joint where the arm bends 肘; 肘部: He sat with his elbows on the table. 他双肘支在桌上坐著. =>illus at human 见human之插图.  2 part of the sleeve of a coat, jacket, etc which covers this （衣服的）肘部: a jacket patched at the elbows 肘部打补丁的夹克.  3 sharp bend in a pipe, chimney, etc that is shaped like an elbow （形状似肘的）管子, 烟囱等的弯处; 弯管; 弯头.  4 (idm 习语) at one's `elbow very near; within reach 非常近; 可够得著. give sb/get the `elbow (infml 口) (cause sb to) be dismissed or rejected （使某人）被排斥或被拒绝: She gave me the elbow when she started going out with Roger. 她开始与罗杰外出约会, 就把我撇开了. more power to sb's elbow => power. not know one's arse from one's elbow => know. out at (the) `elbows (a) (of a garment) old and full of holes （指衣服）捉襟见肘的. (b) (of a person) in old shabby clothes; badly dressed （指人）穿破旧衣服的, 衣衫褴褛的.
elbow 
v (phr v) elbow sb out of the way/aside push sb to one side with the elbows 用肘将某人推到一边: He elbowed me out of the way. 他用肘部把我挤到一边. elbow one's way into, through, etc (sth) force (one's way) in a specified direction by using one's elbows 用肘朝某一方向强行开路: He elbowed his way through the crowd. 他用肘开路, 从人群中挤出. * She elbowed her way forward. 她用肘开路向前走.
elbow-grease 
n [U] (infml 口) hard manual work, esp vigorous polishing or cleaning 费劲的体力活儿; （尤指）擦拭: If you used a bit of elbow-grease you could get those boots clean. 只要稍用些力就能把那双靴子擦乾净.
elbow-room 
n [U] space in which one can move freely 可以自由活动的空间: I need (some) more elbow-room. 我需要大一些的活动空间.
elder
/ 5eldE(r); `ZldL/ adj  1 (a) [attrib 作定语] (of people; esp two closely related members of a family) older; senior （指人, 尤指家庭中两个关系密切的成员）年长的, 年龄较大的: my elder brother 我的哥哥 * her elder daughter, ie the first-born of her two daughters 她的大女儿. (b) the elder (used without an immediately following n to refer to an earlier or later n 後面不紧接名词, 用以指前面或後面的名词) the older person, etc (of two) （两人中）年长者: He is the elder of my two brothers. 他是我两兄弟中年岁较大的. * There go my two sons. Can you guess which is the elder? 那是我的两个儿子. 你能猜出哪个大吗?  2 the elder (fml 文) (used before or after sb's name to distinguish him from another person with the same name 用於某人名字之前或之後, 以区别与之同名者): Pitt the elder 大皮特 * the elder Pitt 大皮特. Cf 参看 young 3.
elder 
n  1 my, etc elder [sing] person older than me, etc 比我等年长的人: He is her elder by several years. 他比她大几岁.  2 elders [pl] people of greater age and authority 年迈而有权威的人: the village elders, ie the old and respected people of the village 村中德高望重的前辈 * Traditions were passed on by the elders of the tribe. 部族的传统由长者承袭相传.  3 [C] official in a Presbyterian church （长老会中的）长老.  4 (idm 习语) one's (elders and) betters => better3 3.
elder statesman 
old and respected politician; person, usu retired, whose advice is still valued because of his long experience 政界元老（年迈而受尊重的政治家）; 老顾问（因经验丰富而其意见仍受重视的人, 通常指退休者）.
old
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: The usual comparative and superlative forms of old are older and oldest *old通常的比较级和最高级形式是older和oldest: My brother is older than me. 我哥哥比我年龄大. *  The cathedral is the oldest building in the city. 这座大教堂是城里最古老的建筑. When comparing the ages of people, especially of members of a family, elder and eldest are often used, as adjectives and pronouns. 在比较人的年龄时, 特别是对於家庭成员, 经常使用elder和eldest, 用作形容词和代词. They cannot be used with than and as adjectives they can only be used before the noun 这两个词不可与than连用; 作形容词时, 只能用於名词前: My elder sister lives in Canada. 我姐姐住在加拿大. *  He was the elder of her two sons. 他是她两个儿子中的长子. *  I'm the eldest in the family. 我是全家年纪最大的.
elder
/ 5eldE(r); `ZldL/ n any of several types of small tree with scented white flowers and red or black berries 接骨木.
elderberry
/ 5eldEbrI; ?@ 5eldEr9berI; `ZldL9bZrI/ n fruit of an elder 接骨木浆果. ,elderberry `wine wine made from these berries 接骨木浆果酒.
elderly
/ 5eldElI; `ZldLlI/ adj (often euph 常作委婉语) (of people) rather old; past middle age （指人）相当老的, 过了中年的, 上了年纪的: He's very active for an elderly man. 按老年人来说, 他非常活跃. =>Usage at old 用法见old.
eldest
/ 5eldIst; `ZldIst/ adj [attrib 作定语], n (of people,esp of three or more closely related members of a family) first-born; oldest （指人, 尤指家中同辈的至少三个成员中的）第一个出生的, 年长的: Jill is my eldest daughter. 吉尔是我的长女. * Jill is the eldest of my three children. 吉尔是我三个孩子中年龄最大的. * Jill is the eldest of three, ie the oldest child in a family with three children. 吉尔是一家三个孩子中最大的. * Jill is my eldest. 吉尔是我的大孩子. =>Usage at elder1 用法见elder1.
eldorado
/ 9eldE5rB:dEU; 9ZldE`rBdo/ n (pl ~s) imaginary land or city rich in precious metals 想像中的黄金国或黄金市.
elect
/ I5lekt; I`lZkt/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n, Cn.t] ~ sb (to sth) choose sb by vote 选举某人: They elected a new president. 他们选举出一位新总统. * She was elected to parliament last year. 她去年被选进议会. * We elected James (to be) chairman. 我们选出詹姆斯当主席.  2 [Tt] (fml 文) choose or decide (to do sth) 选择或决定（做某事）: She elected to become a lawyer. 她决定当律师.
elect 
adj (after the n) chosen for a position but not yet occupying it （在名词後）当选而尚未就职的: the president elect 候任总统.
the elect 
n [pl v] (fml 文) people specially selected as the best 特别精选出来的人.
election
/ I5lekFn; I`lZkFEn/ n [U, C] (instance of) choosing or selection by vote (of candidates for a position, esp a political office) 选举（尤指从政）: In America, presidential elections are held every four years.美国总统选举每四年举行一次. * He's standing for election. 他是候选人. * [attrib 作定语] the election results 选举结果.
electioneering
/ I9lekFE5nIErIN; I9lZkFEn`IrIN/ n [U] activity of trying to influence voters in an election by canvassing, making speeches, etc 竞选活动.
elective
/ I5lektIv; I`lZktIv/ adj  1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] having the power to elect 有选举权的: an elective assembly 有选举权的大会.  2 chosen or filled by election 选任的; 由选举产生的: an elective office 选任的职位.  3 (esp of an American university course, etc) not compulsory; optional （尤指美国大学课程等）非强迫的, 任选的, 选修的: elective subjects 选修科目.  4 not urgently necessary 非急需的: elective surgery 非急需施行的手术.
elective 
n (esp US) optional course or subject studied at school or college 学校的选修课或选修科目: She is taking French as an elective next year. 她明年选修法语.
elector
/ I5lektE(r); I`lZktL/ n person who has the right to vote in an election 有选举权的人; 选民: Many electors didn't vote today because of the bad weather. 由於天气恶劣, 许多选民今天没有投票.
electoral
/ I5lektErEl; I`lZktErEl/ adj [attrib 作定语] of elections or electors 选举的; 选民的: the electoral register/roll, ie list of the electors in an area 选民登记册 * In the USA the Electoral College elects the president. 美国总统由总统选举团选举产生.
electorate
/ I5lektErEt; I`lZktErIt/ n [CGp] all the qualified electors considered as a group 全体选民: The electorate is/are disillusioned. 全体选民大失所望.
electr(o)-
comb form 构词成分 of electricity 电的: electrocardiogram * electrolysis.
electric
/ I5lektrIk; I`lZktrIk/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] (a) producing electricity 发电的: an electric generator 发电机. (b) produced by electricity 由电产生的: an electric current 电流. =>App 11 见附录11. (c) used in the conveying of electricity 用於导电的: an electric plug, socket, flex, etc 电源插头、 插座、 皮线等. (d) using electrical power 使用电力的: an electric cooker, iron, light, etc 电炉、 电熨斗、 电灯等.  2 (fig 比喻) causing sudden excitement, esp in a group of people 使人（尤指人群）突然兴奋的: an electric atmosphere 令人激动的气氛 * The news had an electric effect. 这消息顿时使群情激昂.
electric blanket 
blanket that is warmed electrically 电热毯.
the electric chair 
(in the US) chair in which criminals are executed by electrocution （美国）电椅（以电刑处死罪犯的椅子）.
electric eye 
(infml 口) = photoelectric cell (photoelectric).
electric field 
(physics 物) area near an electric charge, in which a force is exerted on another charged particle 电场.
electric razor 
= shaver (shave).
electric shock 
(also shock) effect of a sudden discharge of electricity through the body 触电; 电休克; 电震; 电击: I got an electric shock from that faulty light switch. 那个有毛病的电灯开关把我电了一下.
electric storm 
violent atmospheric disturbance that produces electricity 电暴.
electrical
/ I5lektrIkl; I`lZktrIkl/ adj of or concerned with electricity 电的; 与电有关的: electrical engineering 电机工程 * This machine has an electrical fault. 这台机器有电器故障. 
electrically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv: an electrically powered drill 电钻.
electrician
/ I9lek5trIFn; I9lZk`trIFEn/ n person whosejob is to install, operate, repair, etc electrical equipment 电工: Our washing machine has broken; I'll ring the electrician. 我们的洗衣机坏了, 我得给电工打电话. * We need an electrician to mend the iron. 我们要请电工修理熨斗.
electricity
/ I9lek5trIsEtI; I9lZk`trIsEtI/ n [U]  1 form of energy occurring in certain particles (electrons and protons) and hence in larger bodies, since they contain these 电.  2 supply of such energy in the form of electric current for lighting, heating, driving machines, etc 电流: Don't leave the lights on  it wastes electricity. 走时要随手关灯--以免浪费电. * When did the village first get electricity? 这个村何时通的电?  3 branch of science concerned with the study of this form of energy 电学.
electrify
/ I5lektrIfaI; I`lZktrE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn]  1 charge (sth) with electricity 给（某物）充电.  2 convert (a railway, etc) to the use of electric power 使（铁路等）改用电力; 使电气化.  3 (fig 比喻) stimulate (sb) as if by electricity; excite suddenly; startle 犹如以电刺激（某人）; 使突然兴奋; 使吃惊: the athlete's electrifying burst of speed 运动员惊人的爆发速度.
electrification
/ I9lektrIfI5keIFn; I9lZktrEfE`keFEn/ n [U] conversion to electricity 电气化: the electrification of the railways, ie from steam to electricity 铁路的电气化.
electrocardiogram
/ I9lektrEU5kB:dIEUgrAm; I`lZktro`kBrdIE9^rAm/ n (abbr 缩写 ECG) (medical 医) record of sb's heartbeat traced by an electrocardiograph, used in the diagnosis of heart disease 心电图.
electrocardiograph
/ 9IlektrEU5kB:dIEUgrB:f; ?@ -grAf; I`lZktro`kBrdIE9^rAf/ n (medical 医) instrument that detects and records the electric activity in the muscles of the heart 心电图仪.
electrochemistry
/ I9lektrEU5kemIstrI; I9lZktro`kZmIstrI/ n [U] application of electricity to chemical processes 电化学.
electrocute
/ I5lektrEkju:t; I`lZktrE9kjut/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] kill (a person or an animal) by means of an electric current 电死（人或动物）; 以电刑处死. 
electrocution
/ I9lektrE5kju:Fn; I9lZktrE`kjuFEn/ n [U].
electrode
/ I5lektrEUd; I`lZktrod/ n (often pl 常作复数) either of two solid conductors by which an electric current enters or leaves a battery, etc; terminal 电极. Cf 参看 anode, cathode.
electroencephalograph
/ I9lektrEUen5sefElE9grB:f; ?@ -grAf; I9lZktroZn`sZfElE9^rAf/ n instrument for detecting and recording the electric current produced by the activity of the brain 脑电图仪.
electroencephalogram
/ I9lektrEUen5sefElE-grAm; I9lZktroZn`sZfElE9^rAm/ n (abbr 缩写 EEG) pattern traced by an electroencephalograph 脑电图.
electrolysis
/ 9Ilek5trClEsIs; I9lZk`trBlEsIs/ n [U]  1 separation of a substance into its chemical parts by an electric current 电解.  2 destruction of hair roots, tumours, etc by an electric current (for cosmetic or surgical reasons) 用电针除去发根、 肿瘤等.
electrolyte
/ I5lektrElaIt; I`lZktrE9laIt/ n [C, U] (substance that can dissolve to produce a) solution able to conduct electric current, esp in an electric cell or battery 电解液; 电解质.
electromagnet
/ I9lektrEU5mAgnIt; I9lZktro`mA^nIt/ n (physics 物) piece of soft metal that becomes magnetic when an electric current is passed through the coil surrounding it 电磁铁; 电磁体.
electromagnetic
/ I9lektrEUmAg5netIk; I`lZktromA^`nZtIk/ adj (physics 物) having both electrical and magnetic properties 电磁的: electromagnetic waves, eg X-rays, radio-waves, light waves 电磁波（如X射线、 无线电波、 光波）. 
electromagnetism 
n [U].
electron
/ I5lektrCn; I`lZktrBn/ n [C] (physics 物) minute particle of matter with a negative electric charge, found in all atoms 电子. Cf 参看 neutron, positron, proton.
electronic
/ 9Ilek5trCnIk; I9lZk`trBnIk/ adj [attrib 作定语]  1 (a) produced or operated by a flow of electrons 电子的: an electronic calculator 电子计算器. (b) concerned with electronic apparatus (eg computers) 与电子装置有关的（如计算机）: This dictionary is available in electronic form. 这部词典有电子版本. * electronic music, ie produced by manipulating natural or artificial sounds with electronic equipment 电子音乐.  2 of or concerned with electrons or electronics 电子的; 电子学的; 关於电子的; 关於电子学的: an electronic engineer 电子工程师. 
electronically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv: process data electronically, ie using a computer 用电子计算机处理数据. ,electronic `mail (also email, e-mail) sending text, diagrams, etc by means of computers linked to a telecommunication network 电子邮递（用计算机网络发送电文、 图象等）. 
electronic mailbox 
device for receiving and storing electronic mail 接受、 储存电子邮递的装置.
electronics 
n [sing v]  1 branch of science and technology that deals with the behaviour of electrons电子学.  2 application of this, esp in developing equipment 电子学的应用: He's an expert in electronics. 他是电子应用专家. * [attrib 作定语] the electronics industry 电子工业.
electron microscope 
very powerful microscope that uses beams of electrons instead of light rays 电子显微镜.
electron
/ I5lektrCn; I`lZktrBn/ n [C] (physics 物) minute particle of matter with a negative electric charge, found in all atoms 电子. Cf 参看 neutron, positron, proton.
electroplate
/ I5lektrEpleIt; I`lZktrE9plet/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] cover (sth) with a thin layer of metal, usu silver, by electrolysis 电镀: electroplated spoons 电镀的杓.
elegant
/ 5elIgEnt; `ZlE^Ent/ adj tasteful and stylish in appearance or manner （相貌或仪态）优雅的, 文雅的, 高雅的: an elegant woman, coat, style of writing 文雅的女人、 高雅的外衣、 优美的写作风格 * elegant manners 优雅的仪态. 
elegance
/ 5elIgEns; `ZlE^Ens/ n [U]. elegantly adv: He always dresses elegantly. 他总是穿得很讲究.
elegiac
/ 9elI5dVaIEk; 9ZlE`dVaIEk/ adj  1 (of poetic metre) suitable for elegies （指诗歌韵律）适於挽歌的: elegiac couplets 挽歌对句.  2 (fml 文) mournful; expressing sorrow 哀悼的; 表示悲伤的: Her poetry has an elegiac quality. 她的诗有伤感的情调.
elegy
/ 5elEdVI; `ZlEdVI/ n poem or song expressing sorrow, esp for the dead; lament 挽歌; 哀歌; 挽诗.
element
/ 5elImEnt; `ZlEmEnt/ n  1 [C] ~ (in/of sth) necessary or characteristic part of sth 要素; 特色: Justice is an important element of good government. 公正是仁政的要素. * What a sensational story! It has all the elements of a soap opera. 多麽耸人听闻的事! 具备连续剧的一切要素.  2 [C usu sing 通常作单数] ~ of sth small amount of sth; suggestion or trace of sth 某事物的少量; 某事物的启示或痕迹: There's an element of truth in his story. 他说的有些道理. * There's always an element of danger in mountain climbing. 登山总是有些危险的.  3 [C] (chemistry 化) any of about 100 substances which cannot be split by ordinary chemical methods into simpler substances 元素: Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的. Cf 参看 compound1 1, mixture 3.  4 [C] (according to ancient and medieval philosophers) any of the four substances, earth, air, fire and water, from which the universe was believed to be composed 要素（据古代和中世纪哲学家的观点, 认为构成宇宙的土、 空气、 火、 水四种物质其中之一）.  5 the elements [pl] (fml 文) forces of nature, the weather, etc (esp bad weather) 自然力, 天气等（尤指坏天气）: exposed to (the fury of) the elements 经受风吹雨打.  6 [C usu sing 通常作单数] natural or suitable environment or habitat 自然的或合适的环境或栖息地: Water is a fish's natural element. 水是鱼的自然栖息地.  7 elements [pl] basic principles of a subject being studied; parts that must be learnt first （学科的）基本原则; 原理; 基础: You must understand the elements of mathematics before we can proceed further. 你必须先弄懂数学基础知识, 我们才能进一步学习.  8 [C] part of an electric kettle, etc that gives out heat 电阻丝（电　等供热的部分）: This heater needs a new element. 这个加热器需要一组新电阻丝.  9 (idm 习语) in/out of one's `element in/not in one's accustomed or preferred surroundings; doing/not doing what one is good at and enjoys 在[不在]某人习惯或喜欢的环境中; 做[不做]某人擅长和喜欢的事: I'm out of my element in political discussions. 我不喜欢参加政治讨论. * The children are really in their element playing on the beach. 孩子们在沙滩上嬉戏真是乐得其所.
elemental
/ 9elI5mentl; 9ZlE`mZntl/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语]  1 (fml 文) powerful; uncontrolled; like the forces of nature 强劲的; 失去控制的; 似自然力的: the elemental fury of the storm 暴风雨的肆虐.  2 basic 基本的: an elemental truth 基本事实.
elementary
/ 9elI5mentrI; 9ZlE`mZntErI/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] (a) of or in the beginning stages (of a course of study) （一门课程的）入门阶段的, 初级的: an elementary class 初级班. (b) dealing with the simplest facts (of a subject); basic （一科目）基础的, 基本的: elementary mathematics 基础数学.  2 easy to solve or answer 容易解决的; 容易回答的: The questions were so elementary that he easily passed the test. 问题很好答, 他轻而易举就及格了.
elementary particle 
(physics 物) any of the subatomic particles thought not to consist of smaller particles 基本粒子.
elephant
/ 5elIfEnt; `ZlEfEnt/ n (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作elephants)  1 largest four-footed animal now living, with two curved ivory tusks, thick skin, and a long trunk 象: a herd of elephant 象群. =>illus 见插图.  2 (idm 习语) ,elephants ,never `forget (saying 谚) elephants are noted for their good memories 象不忘事（象以记忆力良好著称）. a white elephant => white.
elephantine
/ 9elI5fAntaIn; ?@ -ti:n; 9ZlE`fAntin/ adj (derog or joc 贬或谑) large and awkward like an elephant 似象一样大而笨拙的: Their daughter is quite plump but their son is positively elephantine. 他们的女儿很胖; 可是儿子呢, 简直像大象.
elephantiasis
/ 9elIfEn5taIEsIs; 9ZlEfEn`taIEsIs/ n [U] disease, esp of tropical countries, in which limbs become abnormally enlarged and the skin thickens 象皮病（尤见於热带国家, 患者四肢异常肿大, 皮肤增厚）.
elevate
/ 5elIveIt; `ZlE9vet/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (to sth) (fml 文)  1 lift sb/sth up; raise sb/sth to a higher place or rank 将某人[某物]举起; 将某人[某物]提到更高的地位: He's been elevated to the peerage, ie made a peer. 他已升为贵族.  2 (fig 比喻) make (the mind, morals, etc) better or more educated 使（思想、 道德等）更好; 使更有修养: The teacher hoped to elevate the minds of her young pupils by reading them religious stories. 教师希望给小学生读宗教故事来提高他们的修养.
elevated 
adj (fml 文) fine or noble 好的; 高尚的: elevated language, sentiments, thoughts 高尚的语言、 情操、 思想.
elevating 
adj (fml or joc 文或谑) improving the mind or morals; uplifting 提高思想或道德的; 引人向上的: an elevating book, sermon 提高修养的书、 布道 * The experience wasn't terribly elevating. 这种事不太有教益吧.
elevated railway (US elevated railroad) 
(esp US) railway built on piers (usu above the streets, etc of a town) 高架铁路.
elevation
/ 9elI5veIFn; 9ZlE`veFEn/ n  1 [C, U] (fml 文) elevating or being elevated 提高; 被提高: elevation to the peerage 升为贵族.  2 [U] (fml 文) nobility or dignity 高尚; 高贵; 尊贵: elevation of language, style, thought 语言、 风格、 思想的高尚.  3 [C] (a) height (of a place), esp above sea-level （某地方的）高度（尤指海拔）: The city is at an elevation of 2000 metres. 这座城市海拔2000米. (b) (fml 文) hill or high place 小山; 高地: a small elevation of the ground 地面上的小隆起处.  4 [C] (architect's plan or drawing of) one side of a building (drawn to scale) （按比例绘制的）建筑物的正视图; 立视图: the front/rear/side elevation of a house 一座房子的正面[後面/侧面]立视图.  5 [C] angle that the direction of sth (esp a gun or planet) makes with the horizontal （尤指炮或行星的）仰角: The gun has an elevation of 45 degrees. 这门炮的仰角为45度.
elevator
/ 5elIveItE(r); `ZlE9vetL/ n  1 (US) = lift.  2 one of two movable parts in the tail of an aircraft that are used to make it climb or dive （飞行器的）升降舵.  3 tall storehouse for grain 高大的谷物仓库.  4 machine like a continuous belt with buckets at intervals, used for raising grain, goods, etc 斗式皮带输送机（用於向高处输送粮食、 货物等）.
eleven
/ I5levn; I`lZvEn/ pron, det 11; one more than ten 11, 十一（个）. =>App 4 见附录4.
eleven 
n  1 the number 11 十一.  2 team of eleven players for football, hockey or cricket 十一个人组成的足球、 曲棍球、 板球队.
eleven- 
(in compounds 用以构成复合词) having eleven of the thing specified 有十一个...的: an eleven-mile walk.
eleventh
/ I5levnW; I`lZvEnW/ pron, det 11th; next after tenth 第11, 第十一（个）.  n one of eleven equal parts of sth 十一分之一.
eleven-plus 
n [sing] (Brit) (esp formerly) examination taken at the age of eleven, to decide which type of secondary school a child should go to （尤指旧时）十一岁少年中学入学试（以决定升入中等学校的种类）. For the uses of eleven and eleventh see the examples at five and fifth. 关於eleven和eleventh的用法见five和fifth词条中的示例.
elevenses
/ I5levnzIz; I`lZvEnzIz/ n [usu sing v 通常与单数动词连用] (Brit infml 口) snack and/or drink taken at about eleven o'clock in the morning 午前茶点（上午十一时左右吃的点心和[或]喝的饮料）.
elf
/ elf; Zlf/ n (pl elves / elvz; Zlvz/) type of small fairy; mischievous little creature 小精灵、 小妖精、 小淘气.
elfin
/ 5elfIn; `ZlfIn/ adj of or like an elf 小精灵的; 似小妖精的: elfin music 小精灵的乐曲 * She has elfin features. 她貌似小精灵.
elfish
/ 5elfIF; `ZlfIF/ (also elvish) adj mischievous 调皮的; 顽皮的: an elfish smile 调皮的微笑.
elicit
/ I5lIsIt; I`lIsIt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) (fml 文) draw (facts, a response, etc) from sb, sometimes with difficulty 从某人处诱出, 探出（事实、 反应等）: elicit a reply 诱出答案 * At last we've elicited the truth from him. 我们终於从他那里探得真相.
elide
/ I5laId; I`laId/ v [Tn] leave out the sound of (part of a word) when pronouncing it 读音时省略（词的部分）读音: The `t' in `postman' may be elided. postman中的t可以省略不读. Cf 参看 elision.
eligible
/ 5elIdVEbl; `ZlIdVEbl/ adj ~ (for sth/to do sth) suitable or fit to be chosen; having the right or proper qualifications 适宜被选中的; 有恰当资格的; 合格的: eligible for a pension, a job, an award 有资格领取养老金、 得到工作、 获得奖品 * eligible for promotion, membership 适宜提升、 得到会员身分 * eligible to join a club 有资格加入俱乐部 * an eligible young man, eg one who would be a satisfactory choice as a husband 合意的 年轻人（如可做佳婿者）.
eligibility
/ 9elIdVE5bIlEtI; 9ZlIdVE`bIlEtI/ n [U]state of being eligible 适宜入选; 有资格; 合格: Her qualifications and experience confirm her eligibility for the job. 她的资历和经验决定她适宜做这项工作.
eliminate
/ I5lImIneIt; I`lImE9net/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) remove (esp sb/sth that is not wanted or needed) 消除, 清除, 排除（尤指不必要或不需要的某人[某物]）: eliminate mistakes from one's writing 消除文字中的错误 * The police have eliminated two suspects (from their enquiry). 警方（从调查中）已排除了两名受嫌疑的人. * eliminate waste matter from the body 从体内排出废物.  2 [Tn] (infml 口) kill (sb) ruthlessly 干掉（某人）: The dictator had eliminated all his political opponents. 独裁者已将所有政敌干掉.  3 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) exclude sb from further stages in a competition, through defeat, etc 淘汰某人: He was eliminated (from the contest) in the fourth round. 他在第四轮（从比赛中）被淘汰. 
elimination
/ I9lImI5neIFn; I9lImE`neFEn/ n [U].
elision
/ I5lIVn; I`lIVEn/ n (a) [U] leaving out of the sound of part of a word in pronunciation, as in we'll, don't and let's 读音时省略一字的部分读音（如we'll、 don't、 let's）. (b) [C] instance of this 省略部分读音. Cf 参看 elide.
elite
/ eI5li:t; I`lit/ n [CGp] (often derog 常作贬义) social group considered to be the best or most important because of their power, talent, wealth, etc （由於有权力、 才能、 财富等）被视为最好的或最重要的社会集团; 精英; 尖子: the ruling, scientific elite 掌权的、 科学方面的精英 * [attrib 作定语] an elite force, regiment 精锐部队、 团.
elitism
/ eI5li:tIzEm; e`litIzEm/ n [U] (often derog 常作贬义) (belief in a) system, leadership, etc that aims at developing an elite 旨在培养精英的体制、 领导等（的主张）; 精英主义: Many people believe that private education encourages elitism. 许多人认为私人办学可助长精英主义.
elitist
/ -tIst; -tIst/ n (often derog 常作贬义) person who believes in elitism 精英主义者.  adj of the elite or elitism 精英的; 主张培养精英的: an elitist attitude to life 卓尔不群的生活态度.
elixir
/ I5lIksE(r); I`lIksL/ n [U, C]  1 imaginary substance with which medieval scientists hoped to change metals into gold or make people live for ever （中世纪科学家希望得到的）炼金药, 长生不老药: the elixir of life 长生不老药.  2 imaginary cure for all ills （想像中的）灵丹妙药, 万灵药.
Elizabethan
/ I9lIzE5bi:Wn; I9lIzE`biWEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of the time of Queen Elizabeth I of England (1558-1603) 英国女王伊丽莎白一世时代的（15581603）: Elizabethan drama 英国女王伊丽莎白一世时代的戏剧 * The Elizabethan age was a time of exploration and discovery. 英国女王伊丽莎白一世时代是探索和发现的时代.
Elizabethan 
n person who lived during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I 伊丽莎白女王一世时代的人: Shakespeare was an Elizabethan. 莎士比亚是伊丽莎白女王一世时代的人.
elk
/ elk; Zlk/ n (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作elks) (Brit) (US moose) [C] one of the largest types of living deer, found in N Europe, N Asia, and N America 　罕, 驼鹿, 赤鹿（产於北欧、 亚洲北部和北美洲）.
ellipse
/ I5lIps; I`lIps/ n regular oval 椭圆.
elliptic
/ I5lIptIk; I`lIptIk/, elliptical / I5lIptIkl; I`liptIkl/ adjs shaped like an ellipse 似椭圆的.
ellipsis
/ I5lIpsIs; I`lIpsIs/ n (pl -pses / -psi:z; -psiz/) [C, U] (grammar) (instance of) leaving out a word or words from (the grammatical structure of) a sentence when the meaning can be understood without it/them 省略（指语法结构中的词语省略而不影响原意者）: The sentence `He is dead and I alive' contains an ellipsis, ie of the word `am'. 在He is dead and I alive一句中有一处省略, 即am这个词. =>App 3 见附录3.
elliptical
/ I5lIptIkl; I`lIptIkl/ adj containing ellipsis 省略的: an elliptical style of writing, ie one that implies more than is actually said （意在言外的）省略的文风.
elliptically
/ -klI; -klI/ adj.
elm
/ elm; Zlm/ n [C] (also `elm tree)  1 tall deciduous tree with broad rough-edged leaves 榆树: [attrib 作定语] an elm forest 榆树林.  2 [U] its hard heavy wood 榆木: This bench is made of elm. 这条长凳是榆木制的.
elocution
/ 9elE5kju:Fn; 9ZlE`kjuFEn/ n [U] art or style of speaking clearly and effectively, esp in public 演说的艺术或风格: [attrib 作定语] elocution lessons 演说艺术课.
elocutionary
/ -EnErI; ?@ -EnerI; -EnZrI/ adj of elocution 演讲艺术的.
elocutionist
/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who teaches or is an expert in elocution 演说术教师; 演讲艺术家.
elongate
/ 5i:lCNgeIt; ?@ I5lR:N-; I`lRN^et/ v [Tn] make (sth) longer 使（某物）更长; 伸长; 拉长.
elongated
/ 5i:lCNgeItId; ?@ I5lR:N-; I`lRN^etId/ adj (made) long and thin; stretched out （被拉得）细长的; 伸长的: elongated figures in a painting 画中的细长的人.
elongation
/ 9i:lCN5geIFn; ?@ -lR:N-; 9ilRN`^eFEn/ n (a) [U]making or becoming longer 拉长; 伸长; 延长. (b) [C] thing that has been made longer (esp a line in a drawing, etc) 被拉长之物（尤指绘图中的线等）.
elope
/ I5lEUp; I`lop/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) run away with a lover, esp to get married 私奔: The young couple eloped because their parents wouldn't let them marry.这对年轻人因父母不让他们结婚而私奔了. * H eloped with one of his students. 他和他的学生私奔了.
elopement 
n [C, U].
eloquence
/ 5elEkwEns; `ZlEkwEns/ n [U] (skilful use of) expressive language, esp to impress or persuade an audience 口才; 雄辩: The crowd were swayed by his eloquence. 他能言善辩打动了群众.
eloquent
/ -Ent; -Ent/ adj (fml 文) having or showing eloquence 有口才的; 雄辩的: an eloquent speaker, speech 雄辩的演讲者、 讲话. 
eloquently 
adv.
eloquence
/ 5elEkwEns; `ZlEkwEns/ n [U] (skilful use of) expressive language, esp to impress or persuade an audience 口才; 雄辩: The crowd were swayed by his eloquence. 他能言善辩打动了群众.
else
/ els; Zls/ adv  1 (with indefinite, interrogative or negative prons and advs 与不定代词、 疑问代词或否定代词或副词连用) in addition to or apart from (that already mentioned) 除（已提到的）以外; 另外; 其他: Did you see anybody else, ie any other person(s)? 你见到其他人了吗? * Have you anything else to do? 你还有别的事做吗? * Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧. * That must be somebody else's (ie some other person's) coat; it isn't mine. 那一定是别人的外衣, 不是我的. * Nothing else (ie I want nothing more), thank you. 不要别的了, 谢谢你. * We went to the cinema and nowhere else, ie to no other place. 我们去电影院了, 没到其他地方去. * I've tried to phone her six times today; what else can I do? 我今天已给她打了六次电话, 都没接通, 我还能做什麽呢? * Who else was at the party? 聚会上还有谁? * How else (ie In what other way) would you do it? 你做这件事还有别的办法吗? * We have a bit of bread and little/not much else, ie not much more. 我们有一点面包, 没有什麽别的了.  2 (idm 习语) or else (a) otherwise; if not 否则; 要不然: Run or else you'll be late. 快跑, 不然你要迟到了. * He must be joking or else he's mad. 他准是开玩笑, 要不就是疯了. (b) (infml 口) (used to express a threat or warning 用以表示威胁或警告): Give me the money or else! 把钱给我, 不然的话, 哼!
elsewhere
/ 9els5weE(r); ?@ -5hweEr; `Zls9hwZr/ adv in, at or to some other place 在别处; 到别处: Our favourite restaurant was full, so we had to go elsewhere. 我们喜欢的饭馆已客满, 所以我们只得到别处去.
ELT
/ 9i: el 5ti:; 9i Zl `ti/ abbr 缩写 = (principles and practice of) English Language Teaching (to non-native speakers) （对英语并非母语的人的）英语教学（的原则和方法）.
elucidate
/ I5lu:sIdeIt; I`lusE9det/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文) make (sth) clear; explain 使（某事物）清楚; 解释; 阐明: You have not understood; allow me to elucidate. 你没理解, 让我解释一下. * elucidate a problem, mystery 阐明一问题、 弄清一奥秘 * The notes helped to elucidate the most difficult parts of the text. 这些注释有助於弄清文中最难懂的部分. 
elucidation
/ I9lu:sI5deIFn; I9lusE`deFEn/ n [U] (fml 文): This requires elucidation. 此事需要解释清楚.
elude
/ I5lu:d; I`lud/ v [Tn]  1 escape (sb/sth), esp by a trick or cleverness; avoid 躲避（某人[某事物]）（尤指用计谋或智慧）; 逃避: elude one's enemies 避开敌人 * He eluded capture for weeks by hiding underground.他为免被捕躲藏了几个星期.  2 escape the memory or understanding of (sb) （某人）不记得, 不理解: I recognize her face, but her name eludes me, ie I can't remember it. 我认得她的脸, 但想不起她的名字了.
elusive
/ I5lu:sIv; I`lusIv/ adj (a) tending to escape or disappear; difficult to capture 逃避的; 躲避的; 难以捕捉的: a most elusive criminal 极难逮捕的罪犯. (b) difficult to remember or understand 难以记忆的; 难以理解的; 难以捉摸的: an elusive perfume 难以捉摸的香味 * an elusive word 难记的词.
elver
/ 5elvE(r); `ZlvL/ n young eel 幼鳗.
elves
pl of elf.
Elysium
/ I5lIzIEm; I`lIzIEm/ n (a) (in Greek myths) home of the blessed after death （希腊神话中的）天堂. (b) place or state of perfect happiness 极乐世界; 乐土. 
Elysian
/ I5lIzIEn; I`lIVIEn/ adj: the Elysian fields 福地.
em
/ Em; Em/ pron (infml 口) = them: Don't let 'em get away! 别让他们跑掉!
em-
=> en-.
emaciated
/ I5meIFIeItId; I`meFI9etId/ adj made thin and weak 瘦弱的; 憔悴的: very emaciated after a long illness 久病之後非常憔悴 * an emaciated child 瘦弱的孩子. => Usage at thin用法见thin. 
emaciation
/ I9meIsI5eIFn; I9mesI`eFEn/ n [U].
email (also e-mail)
/ 5i:meIl; `i9mel/ n [U] = electronic mail (electron).
emanate
/ 5emEneIt; `ZmE9net/ v [Ipr] ~ from sth/sb (fml or joc 文或谑) come or flow from sth/sb 来自某物[某人]; 从某物[某人]处流出, 飘出: The idea originally emanated from his brother. 这个主意最初是他哥哥出的. * Delicious smells were emanating from the kitchen. 香味从厨房飘了出来. 
emanation
/ 9emE5neIFn;9ZmE`neFEn/ n [C, U]: The place gave off a strong emanation of evil. 这地方是罪恶的渊薮.
emancipate
/ I5mAnsIpeIt; I`mAnsE9pet/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) set sb free, esp from political, legal or social restrictions 解放某人（尤指摆脱政治、 法律或社会的束缚）: emancipate slaves 解放奴隶 * Women are still struggling to be fully emancipated, ie to be given the same rights, opportunities, etc as men. 妇女仍在为彻底解放而奋斗（以获得与男子同等的权利、 机会等）.
emancipation
/ I9mAnsI5peIFn; I9mAnsE`peFEn/ n [U] (a) action of emancipating 解放: the emancipation of women 妇女的解放. (b) state of being emancipated 获得解放.
emasculate
/ I5mAskjUleIt; I`mAskjE9let/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 remove the sexual organs of (a male animal); castrate 使（某雄性动物）去势; 阉割.  2 deprive (sb/sth) of force or strength; weaken 使（某人[某事物]）失去力量; 削弱: an emasculated law 被削弱了的法律. 
emasculation
/ I9mAskjU5leIFn; I9mAskjE`leFEn/ n.
embalm
/ Im5bB:m; ?@ also -bB:lm; Im`bBm, Im`bBlm/ v [Tn]  1 preserve (a dead body) from decay by using spices or chemicals （用香料或药物）保存（尸体）: The Egyptians used to embalm the bodies of their deadkings and queens. 埃及人以前用药物保存国王和王后的尸体.  2 make (sth) fragrant 使（某物）充满香气. 
embalmer
/ Im5bB:mE(r); Im`bBmL/ n. 
embalmment
/ Im5bB:mmEnt; ?@ also -bB:lm-; Im`bBmmEnt, -bBlm-/ n [U].
embankment
/ Im5bANkmEnt; Im`bANkmEnt/ n wall or ridge of earth, stone, etc made to keep water back or to carry a railway or road over low ground 防水堤; 堤岸; （铁路或公路的）路堤: the Thames Embankment 泰晤士河河堤.
embargo
/ Im5bB:gEU; Im`bBr^o/ n (pl ~es / -gEUz; -^oz/)[C, U] ~ (on sth) official order that forbids sth, esp trade, the movement of ships, etc 禁令; 禁止贸易令; 禁止船舶行驶令; 封港令等: a gold embargo, ie one that restricts or forbids the buying or selling of gold 限制或禁止黄金买卖令 * an embargo on trade with other islands 禁止与其他岛屿贸易令 * lift/raise/remove an embargo on sth, ie start trading in sth again 取消对某物的交易禁令（重新开放对某物的贸易） * place sth under (an) embargo, ie do no trade in sth 禁止对某物进行贸易.
embargo 
v (pt, pp ~ed / -gEUd; -^od/) [Tn]  1 put an embargo on (sth) 禁止（船只）出入港口; 禁运（某物）.  2 seize (ships, goods, etc) for use by the State 徵用（船只、 货物等）.
embark
/ Im5bB:k; Im`bBrk/ v  1 [I, Ipr, Tn] ~ (for...) (cause sb/sth to) go or be taken on board a ship or an aircraft （使某人[某物]）乘船; 上船; 登机: Passengers with cars must embark first. 带汽车的乘客必须先上船. * We embarked for Calais at midday. 我们中午乘船去加来. * The ship embarked passengers and cargo at an Italian port. 这艘船在意大利一个港口载客装货.  2 (phr v) embark on sth start or engage in (esp sth new or difficult) 开始或从事（尤指新的或难的事）: embark on a long journey 开始漫长的旅行 * He embarked on a new career. 他开始从事一新事业.
embarkation
/ 9embB:5keIFn; 9ZmbBr`keFEn/ n [C, U] action or process of embarking 乘船; 装载; 开始; 从事: the port of embarkation 登船装货港.
embarrass
/ Im5bArEs; Im`bArEs/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (a) cause (sb) to feel self-conscious, awkward or ashamed 使（某人）觉得不自然、 忸怩、 尴尬或害羞: I was embarrassed by his comments about my clothes. 他评论我的衣服使我很尴尬. * Are you trying to embarrass me? 你是想让我难堪吗? (b) cause mental discomfort or anxiety to (sb) 使（某人）不安或焦虑: embarrassed by lack of money 因缺钱而苦恼 * financially embarrassed 拮据.
embarrassing 
adj: an embarrassing incident, question,mistake 令人困窘的事、 问题、 错误. 
embarrassingly
adv.
embarrassment 
n  1 (a) [U] embarrassing or being embarrassed 窘; 局促不安; 焦急; 忧患: He suffered much embarrassment in his youth. 他年轻时饱经忧患. (b) [C] person or thing that embarrasses 令人困窘、 不安、 焦虑的人或事物: He's an embarrassment to hisfamily. 他是家中叫人为难的人. * financial embarrassments财务困难.  2 (idm 习语) an embarrassment of `riches too many good things to do, choose from, etc 好东西太多而难以处理、 难以选择等.
embassy
/ 5embEsI; `ZmbEsI/ n  1 (official residence of an) ambassador and his staff 大使及其官员; 大使馆全体成员; 大使馆: the American embassy in London 美国驻伦敦大使馆 * He is with (ie working at) the French embassy. 他在法国大使馆工作. * [attrib 作定语] embassy officials 大使馆官员. Cf 参看 consulate 1, High Commission (high1).  2 (dated 旧) deputation sent to a foreign government 派往外国政府的代表团: send sb/go/come on an embassy (to sb) 派遣某人去[来]任赴外国政府代表团的成员（去某人处）.
embattled
/ Im5bAtld; Zm`bAtld/ adj  1 (a) (of an army, etc) drawn up and prepared for battle （指军队等）严阵以待的; 做好战斗准备的: embattled troops 严阵以待的部队. (b) in a condition of defence; fortified against attack 处於防御状态的; 设防以抵御攻击的: the embattled city 设防的城市.  2 (of a tower or building) having battlements （指城楼或建筑物）有雉堞的.
embed
/ Im5bed; Im`bZd/ v (-dd-) [usu passive 通常用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) fix sth deeply and firmly (in a surrounding mass) 将某物深而牢地固定於（周围的物体中）: stones embedded in rock 嵌在岩石中的石块 * The arrow embedded itself in the wall. 箭牢牢地扎进墙里. * (fig 比喻) The idea became embedded in his mind. 这想法在他头脑中根深蒂固.
embellish
/ Im5belIF; Im`bZlIF/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth)  1 make sth beautiful by adding ornaments, etc 美化、 装饰或修饰某物: a dress embellished with lace and ribbons 有花边和饰带的连衣裙.  2 improve (a story, statement, etc) by adding often untrue details, eg to make it more interesting or amusing 渲染; 添枝加叶（如使之更有趣、 更可笑）: He often embellishes the tales of his travels. 他常给他的旅游趣闻添枝加叶.
embellishment 
n (a) [U] embellishing or being embellished 装饰; 渲染; 润色: the embellishment of a book, a building, a speech 对书的修饰、 建筑物的装饰、 言语的润色. (b) [C] thing that embellishes; artistic addition 装饰之物; 艺术性的增添物: a 16th-century church with 18th-century embellishments 有18世纪艺术装饰的16世纪的教堂.
ember
/ 5embE(r); `ZmbL/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) small piece of burning or glowing wood or coal in a dying fire 余烬: Only the embers of the bonfire remained. 那篝火只有余烬尚存. * (fig 比喻) the dying embers of a former passion 昔日激情的将熄的余烬.
embezzle
/ Im5bezl; Im`bZzl/ v [Tn] use (money placed in one's care) in a wrong way to benefit oneself 盗用, 挪用（款项）: embezzle the pension fund 挪用抚恤金 * The treasurer embezzled 2000 of the club's money. 司库盗用了俱乐部2000英镑.
embezzlement 
n [C, U] (instance of) embezzling 盗用; 挪用: petty embezzlements 少量的盗用公款 * He was found guilty of embezzlement. 他被判盗用公款罪.
embezzler
/ Im5bezlE(r); Im`bZzlL/ n person who embezzles 盗用者; 挪用公款者.
embitter
/ Im5bItE(r); Im`bItL/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] fill (sb/sth) with bitter feelings 使（某人）苦恼; 使（某事物）令人苦恼: embittered by repeated failures 因屡次失败而苦恼. 
embitterment 
n [U] (fml 文).
emblazon
/ Im5bleIzEn; Im`blezn/ (also blazon) v [Tn] decorate (sth) with heraldic or other devices 以纹章或其他方式装饰（某物）: a shield emblazoned with dragons 饰有龙纹的盾牌. 
emblazonment 
n [U].
emblem
/ 5emblEm; `ZmblEm/ n object that represents sth; symbol 象徵; 标志; 标记: The dove is an emblem of peace. 鸽子是和平的象徵. * The ring was important to her as an emblem of their love. 这枚戒指是他们爱情的象徵, 对她至为重要. * The thistle is the emblem of Scotland. 蓟是苏格兰的标志.
emblematic
/ 9emblE5mAtIk; 9ZmblE`mAtIk/ adj [usu pred 通常作表语] ~ (of sth) (fml 文) serving as an emblem; symbolic 用作象徵; 作为标志.
embody
/ Im5bCdI; Im`bBdI/ v (pt, pp -died) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) (fml 文)  1 express or give visible form to (ideas, feelings, etc) 体现（想法、 感情等）; 使（想法、 感情等）具体化: To me he embodies all the best qualities of a teacher. 在我看来, 他本身体现了教师应有的一切优秀品质.  2 include or contain sth 包括或含有某物: The latest computer model embodies many new features. 最新型的计算机具备许多新功能.
embodiment
/ Im5bCdImEnt; Im`bBdImEnt/ n person or thing that embodies sth or is embodied 体现某事物的人或物; 体现; 化身: She's the embodiment of kindness. 她是慈祥的化身.
embolden
/ Im5bEUldEn; Im`boldn/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Cn.t] (dated or fml 旧或文) give courage or confidence to (sb) 给（某人）勇气或信心; 给（某人）壮胆; 鼓励: emboldened by drink 饮酒後壮了胆的 * His success emboldened him to expand his business. 他有了成就因而激发他进一步扩展业务.
embolism
/ 5embElIzEm; `ZmbE9lIzEm/ n (medical 医) blockage of an artery or a vein caused by a clot of blood, an air-bubble, etc 栓塞.
emboss
/ Im5bCs; ?@ -5bR:s; Im`bRs/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A with B/~ B on A decorate (the surface of sth) with a raised design; create (a raised design) on the surface of sth 在（某物的表面）装饰隆起的图案; 在某物表面制出（隆起的图案）: an address embossed on notepaper 凸印在信纸上的地址 * embossed stationery 有压印浮雕花的信笺 * a leather briefcase embossed with one's initials 饰有浮凸的姓名首字母的皮公事包.
embrasure
/ Im5breIVE(r); Im`breVL/ n [C] (a) opening for a door or window, wider on the inside than the outside, in an interior wall, esp of an old castle 斜面墙（内宽外窄的门窗的开口）（尤指古城堡的）. (b) similar opening in a castle, fort, etc for shooting through （城堡、 要塞等的）炮眼, 枪眼, 射击孔.
embrocation
/ 9embrE5keIFn; 9ZmbrE`keFEn/ n [U] liquid for rubbing on the body to ease muscular aches, stiffness, etc; liniment （缓解肌肉疼痛、 僵硬等的）搽剂; 涂抹油: A bit of embrocation will soothe your bruised knee. 用一点搽剂可使你那青肿的膝部消肿.
embroider
/ Im5brRIdE(r); Im`brRIdL/ v  1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A (on B)/~ B (with A) decorate (cloth) with needlework （在布上）刺绣: She embroiders very well. 她很会刺绣. * She embroidered flowers on the cushion (in gold thread). 她（用金线）在垫子上绣花. * She embroidered the cushion with flowers. 她把垫子绣上了花.  2 [Tn] (fig 比喻) add untrue details to (a story, etc) to make it more interesting （给故事等）添枝加叶: embroider the truth, the tale, the facts, etc 对真相、 故事、 事实等添油加醋地渲染.
embroidery
/ -dErI; -dErI/ n [U]  1 decoration with needlework 刺绣: a beautiful piece of embroidery 一件美丽的刺绣制品 * He's good at embroidery. 他擅长刺绣.  2 (fig 比喻) untrue details added for effect （为增强效果而加的）虚构细节: A little embroidery made the story quite entertaining. 增加了一点虚构细节使得故事相当有趣.
embroil
/ Im5brRIl; Im`brRIl/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/oneself (in sth) get sb/oneself involved (in a quarrel or difficult situation) 使某人[自己]卷入（争吵或困境中）: I don't want to become embroiled in their arguments. 我不想卷入他们的争论中. * They are embroiled in a war against their will. 他们违背自己的意愿卷入一场战争之中.
embryo
/ 5embrIEU; `ZmbrI9o/ n (pl ~s / -EUz; -oz/)  1 (a) young animal or plant in the early stages of its development before birth (or before coming out of its egg or seed) 胚; 胚胎; 萌芽时期: an aborted embryo 流产的胚胎. Cf 参看 foetus. (b) (fig 比喻) plan, scheme, etc in its very early stages 初步的计划、 方案等: an embryo of an idea 一个想法的雏形 * [attrib 作定语] The project is still at the embryo stage. 这个计划仍在酝酿阶段.  2 (idm 习语) in embryo existing but undeveloped 已存在但尚未发展的: My plans are still very much in embryo. 我的计划在很大程度上仍在酝酿中.
embryology
/ 9embrI5ClEdVI; 9ZmbrI`BlEdVI/ n [U] scientific study of the formation and development of embryos 胚胎学. embryologist n/ 9embrI5ClEdVIst;9ZmbrI`BlEdVIst/ expert in this 胚胎学家.
embryonic
/ 9embrI5CnIk; 9ZmbrI`BnIk/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] in an early stage of development 在发育的最初阶段的; 胚胎的: an embryonic foetus 刚刚发育的胎儿 * (fig 比喻) The scheme is still in its embryonic stage. 此方案仍在酝酿阶段.
emcee
/ 9em5si:; 9Zm`si/ n (infml 口) master of ceremonies; compere 司仪; （节目的）主持人: Who was (the) emcee of the show last night? 谁是昨晚节目的主持人? Cf 参看 MC 1.
emcee 
v (pt, pp emceed) [I, Tn] act as master of ceremonies for (an event) 做司仪; 做（节目）主持人; 主持（节目）: Who's emceeing (the show) tonight? 今晚谁主持（演出）?
emend
/ I5mend; I`mZnd/ v [Tn] remove errors from (eg a text before printing) 校改; 校正; 校订; 修正（如文稿）: emend a passage in a book 校正书中的一段.
emendation
/ 9i:men5deIFn; 9imZn`deFEn/ n (a) [U] action of emending （对文稿等的）修正; 校改; 校正; 校订. (b) [C] thing that is emended （对文稿等）修正、 校改、 校正或校订的内容: minor emendations to the official statement 对正式声明的些微修正.
emerald
/ 5emErEld; `ZmErEld/ n bright green precious stone 祖母绿; 纯绿柱石; 绿宝石; 翡翠: two diamonds and an emerald 两枚钻石和一枚绿宝石 * [attrib 作定语] an emerald ring 翡翠戒指.
emerald 
adj, n [U] (also emerald green) (of a) bright green colour 绿宝石色（的）; 翡翠绿（色）: an emerald hat 翠绿色的帽子.
emerge
/ I5m\:dV; I`m[dV/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth)  1 (a) come out or up (from water, etc) （从水中等）出来, 现出, 露出: The swimmer emerged from the lake. 游泳者从湖中出来. * The moon emerged from behind the clouds. 月亮从云层後露出. (b) come into view or prominence 显现; 显露: He emerged as leader at the age of thirty. 他三十岁时初露锋芒担任了领袖.  2 (of facts, ideas, etc) become known （指事实、 意见等）暴露, 知悉: No new evidence emerged during the enquiry. 在调查过程中未发现新证据.
emergence
/ -dVEns; -dVEns/ n [U] action of emerging 出来; 现出; 出现; 显现; 暴露: her emergence as a well-known artist 她脱颖而出成为著名艺术家.
emergent
/ -dVEnt; -dVEnt/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] in the process of emerging 在出现过程中的: the emergent countries of Africa, ie those becoming politically independent and modernized, etc 非洲的新兴国家（那些政治上逐步独立和现代化等的国家）.
emergency
/ I5m\:dVEnsI; I`m[dVEnsI/ n  1 [C, U] sudden serious event or situation requiring immediate action 紧急事件; 紧急情况: You should only use this door in an emergency. 在紧急情况下才能使用这扇门. * The government has declared a state of emergency, eg because of war, a natural disaster, etc. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态. * [attrib 作定语] the emergency exit 紧急出口.  2 [U] (US) = casualty 3: [attrib 作定语] the emergency ward 急诊病室.
emeritus
/ I5merItEs; I`mZrEtEs/ adj (often placed after the n, and having a capital in titles 常置於名词後, 作头衔用时大写) (of a university teacher, esp a professor) retired, but keeping his title as an honour （指大学教师, 尤指教授）退休而保留头衔的: the emeritus professor of biology 生物学荣誉退休教授 * a professor emeritus 荣誉退休教授 * Emeritus Professor Johnson 约翰逊荣誉退休教授.
emery
/ 5emErI; `ZmErI/ n [U] hard metallic substance used (esp in powdered form) for polishing, smoothing and grinding 金刚砂; 刚玉粉.
emery-board 
n small strip of wood or cardboard covered in emery, used for filing the finger-nails 指甲砂锉.
emery-paper 
n paper coated with emery, used for smoothing rough surfaces 砂纸.
emetic
/ I5metIk; I`mZtIk/ n, adj (medicine) causing vomiting 催吐的; 催吐剂: He was given an emetic (medicine) after eating poisonous berries. 他吃了有毒的浆果, 已给了他催吐剂.
emigrate
/ 5emIgreIt; `ZmE9^ret/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (from...) (to...) leave one's own country to go and live in another 移居外国: emigrate from Britain to Australia to find work 从英国移居到澳大利亚寻找工作. Cf 参看 immigrate.
emigrant
/ 5emIgrEnt; `ZmE^rEnt/ n person who emigrates 移居外国者; 移民: emigrants to Canada 移居加拿大的人 * [attrib 作定语] emigrant labourers 移民他国的劳工.
emigration
/ 9emI5greIFn; 9ZmE`^reFEn/ n [U, C]: the mass emigration of refugees in wartime 战时大规模的逃难移民 * [attrib 作定语] emigration officials 管理移民的官员.
emigre
/ 5emIgreI; ?@ 9emI5greI; `ZmE9^re/ n (French 法) person who has left his own country, usu for political reasons 移居外国的人, 逃亡者, 流亡者（通常指因政治原因）: He was one of the emigres who left France after the French Revolution. 他是法国革命後离开法国的流亡者.
eminence
/ 5emInEns; `ZmEnEns/ n  1 [U] state of being famous or distinguished 卓越; 著名: reach eminence as a doctor 成为名医 * rise to eminence in one's profession 在职业上出人头地.  2 [C] (dated or fml 旧或文) piece of rising ground; hill 高地; 山丘.  3 Eminence [C] title used of or to a cardinal 阁下（对红衣主教的尊称）: His/Your Eminence 主教阁下 * Their/Your Eminences 列位主教阁下.
eminent
/ 5emInEnt; `ZmEnEnt/ adj  1 (of a person) famous and distinguished （指人）著名的, 杰出的, 卓越的: an eminent architect 杰出的建筑师 * He is eminent both as a sculptor and as a portrait painter. 他既是著名的雕刻家又是杰出的肖像画家.  2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (of qualities) remarkable; outstanding （指品质、 特性）明显的; 显著的; 突出的: a man of eminent goodness 品德优良的人.
eminently 
adv obviously; outstandingly 明显地; 显著地; 突出地: She seems eminently suitable for the job. 她看来极适合做这项工作.
emir
/ e5mIE(r); E`mIr/ (also amir) n title of various Muslim rulers 埃米尔（对穆斯林统治者的尊称）.
emirate
/ e5mIEreIt; E`mIret/ n position, reign or lands of an emir 埃米尔的地位、 统治或领地: the United Arab Emirates 阿拉伯联合酋长国.
emissary
/ 5emIsErI; `ZmE9sZrI/ n person sent to deliver a message (often an unpleasant or a secret one) or to conduct negotiations （常为传送棘手信息的）使者, 密使, 谈判者.
emission
/ I5mIFn; I`mIFEn/ n  1 [U] (fml 文) sending out or giving off (of light, heat, fumes, matter, fluid from the body, etc) （光、 热、 烟、 气、 分泌物、 体液等的）散发, 发射, 发出: the emission of light from the sun 阳光的照射.  2 [C] thing that is sent out or given off; discharge 散发之物、 发出之物; 流出物; 排泄物: a nocturnal emission, ie the discharge of semen during sleep 夜间遗精.
emit
/ I5mIt; I`mIt/ v (-tt-) [Tn] give or send (sth) out; discharge 发射, 放射, 发出（某物）; 排出; 排泄: A volcano emits smoke, lava and ashes. 火山喷射出烟、 熔岩和灰烬. * She emitted a cry of pain. 她发出痛苦的呼叫. * The cheese was emitting a strong smell. 乾酪散发出强烈的气味.
emollient
/ I5mClIEnt; I`mBlIEnt/ n, adj (substance) that soothes and softens the skin 润肤的; 润肤剂: Use an emollient for dry skin. 乾燥的皮肤要使用润肤剂. * an emollient cream 润肤霜.
emolument
/ I5mCljUmEnt; I`mBljEmEnt/ n (usu pl 通常作复数) (fml or rhet 文或修辞) profit made from being employed; fee or salary 报酬; 酬金; 工资; 薪水: Her emoluments as a teacher amounted to 8500 a year. 她任教年薪8500英镑. * He was paid a modest emolument. 他获酬甚微.
emotion
/ I5mEUFn; I`moFEn/ n  1 [C] strong feeling of any kind 激情; 情感; 情绪: Love, joy, hate, fear and jealousy are all emotions. 爱情、 喜悦、 憎恨、 恐惧、 嫉妒都是强烈的感情. * The speaker appealed to our emotions rather than to our minds. 演讲者激发了我们的情感而不是启发我们的思考.  2 [U] excitement or disturbance of the mind or (more usu) the feelings 激动; 感动: overcome by/with emotion 为情感所动 * He spoke of his dead wife with deep emotion. 他提到亡妻感慨万分. * She answered in a voice filled with emotion. 她以激动的声音回答.
emotional
/ -FEnl; -FEnl/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] of the emotions 情感的: emotional problems 情感问题.  2 causing or showing emotions 引起情感的; 表示情感的: an emotional response 富於情感的反应 * emotional music, language 抒情的乐曲、 语言.  3 having emotions that are easily excited 易激动的; 易动感情的: an emotional man, actor, character, nature 易动感情的男子、 演员、 性格、 天性 * She is embarrassingly emotional in public. 她在大庭广众前常激动得让人难为情. 
emotionally
/ -FEnElI; -FEnlI/ adv: emotionally disturbed 情绪波动.
emotionless 
adj without emotion 没有情感的; 冷漠的.
emotive
/ I5mEUtIv; I`motIv/ adj (of words, etc) tending to affect the emotions （指词等）激发情感的: an emotive speech 激动人心的讲话 * Capital punishment is an emotive issue. 应否有死刑是个容易引起感情用事的问题.
empanel (also impanel)
/ Im5pAnl; Im`pAnl/ v (-ll-; US also -l-) [Tn] (fml 文) list or select (sb) to serve on a jury 将（某人）列入陪审员名单; 选（某人）为陪审员.
empathy
/ 5empEWI; `ZmpEWI/ n [U]  1 ability to imagine and share another person's feelings, experience, etc 感情移入, 同感（对他人的感情、 经历等的想像力和感受力）: There is a strange empathy between the old lady and her grandson. 老妇人和她孙子间有种莫名其妙的心灵相通的感觉.  2 ability to identify oneself mentally with eg a work of art that one is looking at, and so to understand its meaning 神入（全神贯注於某事物如一艺术品, 以理解其真谛的能力）.
emperor
/ 5empErE(r); `ZmpErL/ n (fem 阴性作 empress / 5emprIs; `ZmprIs/) ruler of an empire 皇帝: the Roman emperors 罗马皇帝 * The Emperor Napoleon 拿破仑皇帝.
emphasis
/ 5emfEsIs; `ZmfEsIs/ n (pl -ases / -Esi:z;-Esiz/) [C, U]  1 force or stress given to a word or words when spoken, to make the meaning clear or to show importance 加强语气; 强调: give special emphasis to a phrase 对一词组加强语气.  2 ~ (on sth) (placing of) special meaning, value or importance (on sth) （付予某事物）特殊的意义、 价值或重要性: Some schools put/lay/place great emphasis on language study. 有些学校极注重语言学习. * The emphasis here is on hard work, not enjoyment. 这里至关重要的是努力工作, 而不是享乐.
emphasize, emphasise 
/ 5emfEsaIz; `ZmfE9saIz/ v [Tn, Tf] put emphasis on (sth); give emphasis to (sth); stress 强调; 著重; 加强（某词语）的语气; 重读: Which word should I emphasize? 我应该重读哪个词? * He emphasized the importance of careful driving/that careful driving was important. 他强调小心驾驶的重要性[小心驾驶很重要].
emphatic
/ Im5fAtIk; Im`fAtIk/ adj  1 having, showing or using emphasis 加强语气的; 强调的; 重视的; 重点的; 著重的; 重读的: an emphatic denial 断然的否认 * He was most emphatic that I should go. 他极力强调我应该去.  2 definite and clear 肯定的; 明确的; 显著的: an emphatic victory 有目共睹的胜利. 
emphatically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
emphysema
/ 9emfI5si:mE; 9ZmfI`simE/ n [U] (medical 医) disease that affects the lungs and makes breathing difficult 气肿; 肺气肿.
empire
/ 5empaIE(r); `ZmpaIr/ n  1 [C] group of countries or states under a single ruler or ruling power 帝国: the Roman Empire 罗马帝国.  2 [U] (fml 文) supreme political power 帝权; 绝对支配权: the responsibilities of empire 有绝对支配权的统治.  3 [C] (fig 比喻) large commercial organization controlled by one person or group （由一人或一集团控制的）大企业组织: a publishing empire 大出版企业.
empire-building 
n [U] (often derog 常作贬义) process of deliberately acquiring extra territory, authority, etc. 扩张领土、 权力等.
empirical
/ Im5pIrIkl; Zm`pIrIkl/ adj (of knowledge) based on observation or experiment, not on theory （指知识）以观察或实验为根据的（非理论的）. Cf 参看 transcendental.
empirically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
empiricism
/ Im5pIrIsIzEm; Zm`pIrE9sIzEm/ n [U] use of empirical methods 观察或实验方法的运用; 经验主义.
empiricist
/ -sIst; -sIst/ n person who works in an empirical way 以观察或实验方法工作的人; 经验主义者.
emplacement
/ Im5pleIsmEnt; Im`plesmEnt/ n preparedposition or platform for a heavy gun or guns 炮位; 炮台.
employ
/ Im5plRI; Im`plRI/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a, Cn.t]  1 ~ sb (in/on sth); ~ sb (as sth) give work to sb, usu for payment 雇用某人: She hasn't been employed (ie has not had a job) for six months now. 她现在已半年没有工作了. * They've just employed five new waiters. 他们刚刚雇用了五个新服务员. * He's employed on the oil rigs. 他受雇在油井钻塔工作. * She's employed as a taxi driver. 她受雇任计程车司机. * They employed him to look after the baby. 他们聘请他照料婴儿.  2 ~ sb/sth (in/on sth); ~ sth (as sth) (fml 文) make use of sb/sth; occupy (time, attention, etc) 使用某人[某事物]; 利用（时间、 注意力等）: You could employ your spare time better. 你可以把闲暇时间利用得好些. * He was busily employed in cleaning his shoes. 他忙著擦鞋. * He employed his knife as a lever. 他把刀子当杠杆用. * The police employed force to open the door. 警方强行把门打开了.
employ 
n [U] (fml 文) service or employment 服务; 工作; 职业; 雇用; 受雇: I left their employ after an argument. 我与他们争吵之後就辞掉了工作. * How long has she been in your employ (ie employed by you)? 你雇用她多长时间了?
employable
/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj [usu pred 通常作表语] that can be employed 可雇用; 可使用.
employee
/ 9emplRI5i:, also Im5plRIi:; 9ZmplRI`i, Im`plRIi/ n person who works for sb or for a company in return for wages 受雇者; 雇工; 雇员: The manager sacked three employees. 经理开除了三名雇员.
employer 
n person or company that employs others 雇用者; 雇主: They're not good employers, ie They treat their workers badly. 他们不是好雇主.
employment
/ Im5plRImEnt; Im`plRImEnt/ n [U]  1 (a) act of employing 雇用; 使用: The expansion of the factory will mean the employment of sixty extra workers. 工厂的扩展意味著将增雇六十名工人. (b) state of being employed 受雇用; 被使用: be in/out of regular full-time employment 有[没有]固定的全日工作.  2 occupation (esp regular paid work) 职业: give employment to sb 雇用某人 * find employment 找工作 * [attrib 作定语] government employment office 政府就业事务处. =>Usage at trade1 用法见trade1.
employment agency 
private business that helps people to find work and employers to find workers 职业介绍所.
emporium
/ Im5pR:rIEm; Im`pRrIEm/ n (pl -riums or  -ria / -rIE; -rIE/) (joc or fml 谑或文) (a) centre of trade; market 贸易中心; 市场. (b) (esp US) large shop 大商店.
empower
/ Im5paUE(r); Im`paJL/ v [Cn.t esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) give lawful power or authority (to sb) to act 授权（给某人）采取行动: The new laws empower the police to stop anybody in the street. 新法令授予警方可在街上截停任何人的权力. * The lawyer was empowered to pay all her bills. 已授权给律师偿付她的一切帐项.
empress
/ 5emprIs; `ZmprIs/ n (a) female ruler of an empire 女皇. (b) wife or widow of an emperor 皇后.
empty
/ 5emptI; `ZmptI/ adj  1 (a) having nothing inside 空的: an empty box 空盒子 * an empty lorry, ie one without a load 空卡车 * Your glass is empty. 你的杯子空了. (b) with nobody in it 空无一人的: an empty house, room, chair, bus 空著的房子、 房间、 椅子、 公共汽车 * empty streets 空无一人的街道 * The cinema was half empty. 电影院空著一半.  2 (a) [pred 作表语] ~ of sth without or lacking in (a quality) 没有或缺乏（某种性质）: (fml 文) words empty of meaning 无意义的话. (b) without sense or purpose 没有感知的; 没有意义的; 没有目的的: empty threats, words, promises, dreams 虚张声势的恐吓、 空话、 空洞的许诺、 虚幻的梦想 * My life feels empty now the children have left home. 因为孩子们已离开了家, 我感到生活很空虚.  3 (infml 口) hungry 饥饿的: I feel jolly empty! 我饿极了!  4 (idm 习语) on an empty `stomach having eaten nothing 空腹: It's not good to drink on an empty stomach. 空著肚子喝酒不好.
empties 
n [pl] (infml 口) empty bottles, boxes, crates, etc 空瓶子、 空盒子、 空木箱等: Put your empties on the doorstep for the milkman. 把空奶瓶放到门阶上, 等送奶人来取.
emptiness
/ 5emptInIs; `ZmptInIs/ n [U].
empty-handed 
adj [pred 作表语] bringing back or taking away nothing 空手: They always arrive at parties empty-handed. 他们总是空著手参加聚会. * return empty-handed from an unsuccessful shopping trip 这趟购物之行什麽也没买成, 空手而归.
empty-headed 
adj (of people) foolish and without common sense （指人）愚蠢的, 无头脑的: an empty-headed young `idiot 没头脑的小笨蛋.
empty
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Empty and full have wide uses. *empty和full的使用范围很广. Any container or building can be full (of things or people) or empty 任何容器或建筑物都可为full（有物或人）或empty: The theatre was almost empty last night. 剧院昨晚几乎是空的. *  This bottle was full yesterday and now it's empty. 这个瓶子昨天是满的, 现在已经空了. Vacant and occupied relate to the long-term use of a building, etc *vacant和occupied指对建筑物等的长期使用: There are some vacant offices on the third floor. 四楼有几间空著的办公室. *  All the flats are occupied now. 所有的单元现在都已住满. They can also refer to the short-term use of a room, etc. 这两个词也可指短期使用房间等: The lavatory is vacant. 厕所现在无人使用. *  All the seats are occupied. 所有的座位都坐满了.
empty
/ 5emptI; `ZmptI/ v (pt, pp emptied)  1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) (onto/into sth); ~ sth (of sth) make sth empty 将某物弄空: empty one's glass into the sink 把杯里的东西倒进洗涤槽里. * empty (out) a drawer 把抽屉腾空 * He emptied his pockets of their contents. 他把衣袋里的东西全都掏出来了. * This dreadful film soon emptied the cinema of people. 这部电影很没意思, 电影院里的人很快就都走光了. (b) [I, Ipr] ~ (of sb/sth) become empty 变空: The streets soon emptied (of people) when the rain started. 下起雨来了, 街道很快便空无一人了. * The cistern empties in five minutes. 贮水池五分钟就流乾.  2 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (out) (into/onto sth) remove (the contents of sth) and put them somewhere else 将某物中的东西取出置於他处: Have you emptied (out) the rubbish? 你倒垃圾了吗? * She emptied the milk into the pan. 她把牛奶倒进锅里. * We emptied the waste paper onto the floor. 我们把废纸倒在地板上. (b) [I, Ipr] ~ (from/out of sth) (into/onto sth) flow or pour out 流出; 倒出: The water slowly emptied (from the cistern). 水（从贮水池）缓缓流出. * The Rhone empties into the Mediterranean. 罗讷河流入地中海. * The rubbish from the cart emptied onto the street. 垃圾从大车上倾倒到街上.
emu
/ 5i:mju:; `imju/ n large Australian bird that runs quickly but cannot fly 鸸鹋（产於澳洲的大型鸟, 善跑而不能飞翔）.
emulate
/ 5emjUleIt; `ZmjE9let/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (at sth) (fml 文) try to do as well as or better than sb 赶超某人; 与某人竞争: emulate her sister's sporting achievements 赶超她姐姐的运动成绩 * emulate her elder sister at the piano 在钢琴演奏上与她姐姐竞争.
emulation
/ 9emjU5leIFn; 9ZmjE`leFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) action or state of emulating 赶超; 竞赛; 竞争: She worked hard in emulation of her elder sister. 她努力赶超姐姐.
emulsify
/ I5mQlsIfaI; I`mQlsE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [I, Tn] become an emulsion or make an emulsion of (sth) 乳化; 使（某物）乳化: The sauce has emulsified. 调味汁已经乳化了. * emulsify the oil 使油乳化.
emulsion
/ I5mQlFn; I`mQlFEn/ n [C, U]  1 creamy liquid in which particles of oil or fat are evenly distributed 乳状液.  2 medicine or paint in this form 乳剂; 乳漆: [attrib 作定语] emulsion paint, ie paint that has a matt rather than a glossy finish when dry 乳状漆（乾後无光泽的漆）.  3 light-sensitive substance on the surface of photographic film 感光乳剂.
en- (also em-) 
pref 前缀  1 (with ns or vs forming vs 与名词或动词结合构成动词) put into or on 放进; 放上: encase * endanger * empanel.  2 (with adjs or ns forming vs 与形容词或名词结合构成动词) make into; cause to be 变成; 变得; 使成为: enlarge * enrich * empower.
-en
suff 後缀  1 (with ns forming adjs 与名词结合构成形容词) made of 由...制成: golden * wooden.  2 (with adjs forming vs 与形容词结合构成动词) make or become 使; 变得: blacken * sadden.
en bloc
/ 9Cn 5blCk; Bn`blBk/ (French 法) all together; all at the same time 一起; 同时: They left the meeting en bloc. 他们一起离开了会场.
en famille
/ 9Cn fA5mi:; 9BnfA`mi/ (French 法) at home; among one's family 在家; 与家人一起: I always enjoy winter evenings spent en famille. 我一向喜欢与家人共度冬宵.
en masse
/ 9Cn 5mAs; Bn`mAs/ (French 法) in a mass or crowd; all together 成群; 全体; 一齐; 一起: Individually the children are delightful; en masse they can be unbearable. 孩子们单独时还讨人喜欢, 一多了就受不了了. * The Joneses are coming for lunch en masse  all twelve of them! 琼斯一大家子人都来吃午饭--一共十二口人!
en passant
/ 9Cn 5pAsCn; 9BnpB`sBn/ (French 法) in passing; by the way 顺便: He mentioned en passant that he was going away. 他顺便提到他要离开的事.
en passant
/ 9Cn 5pAsCn; 9BnpB`sBn/ (French 法) in passing; by the way 顺便: He mentioned en passant that he was going away. 他顺便提到他要离开的事.
en route
/ 9Cn 5ru:t; Bn`rut/ ~ (from...) (to...); ~ (for...) (French 法) on the way 在路上; 在中途: We stopped at Paris en route from Rome to London. 我们从罗马去伦敦的途中曾在巴黎停留. * They passed through Paris en route for Rome. 他们途经巴黎前往罗马.
en route
/ 9Cn 5ru:t; Bn`rut/ ~ (from...) (to...); ~ (for...) (French 法) on the way 在路上; 在中途: We stopped at Paris en route from Rome to London. 我们从罗马去伦敦的途中曾在巴黎停留. * They passed through Paris en route for Rome. 他们途经巴黎前往罗马.
en suite
/ 9Cn 5swi:t; Bn`swit/ (French 法) (of rooms, etc) forming a single unit （指房间等）构成独立单元: Each bedroom in the hotel has a bathroom en suite. 该旅馆每间卧室都有一洗澡间自成一套.
enable
/ I5neIbl; In`ebl/ v  1 [Cn.t] make (sb) able to do sth by giving him the necessary authority or means 使（某人）能够做某事物: This pass enables me to travel half-price on trains. 我用这张通行证坐火车半价. * A rabbit's large ears enable it to hear the slightest sound. 兔子耳朵大能听到极微小的声音.  2 [Tn] make (sth) possible 使（某事）成为可能: The conference will enable greater international co-operation. 这次会议能进一步促进国际间的合作.
enact
/ I5nAkt; In`Akt/ v  1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) perform (a part, play, etc) on, or as if on, the stage of a theatre 演出（戏剧等）; 展现: a one-act drama enacted by children 儿童演出的独幕剧 * A strange ritual was enacted before our eyes. 在我们眼前展现出一种奇特的仪式.  2 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Tf] (fml or law 文或律) make or pass (a decree) 制定或通过（法令）: enacted by Parliament 由议会制定的 * Be it further enacted that... 再进一步规定....
enactment 
n  1 [U] (fml or law 文或律) enacting 演出; 展现; 制定; 规定; 通过: the enactment of the drama 该剧的演出 * the enactment of the new bill 新法案的制定.  2 [C] law 法律; 法令; 法规: The enactment states that... 法律规定....
enamel
/ I5nAml; I`nAml/ n [U]  1 glass-like substance used for coating metal, pottery, etc for decoration or as protection 搪瓷; 珐琅; 瓷釉: Some of the enamel on this pan is chipped off. 这平底锅上的搪瓷有些已脱落. * [attrib 作定语] enamel ware, ie manufactured goods such as pots, pans, etc with hard enamel surfaces 搪瓷器皿 * enamel paint, ie paint that dries to make a hard glossy surface 瓷漆.  2 hard outer covering of teeth （牙齿的）珐琅质. =>illus at tooth 见tooth之插图.
enamel 
v (-ll-; US also -l-) [Tn] cover or decorate (sth) with enamel 给（某物）涂上瓷釉: enamelled jewellery 带瓷釉的首饰.
enamoured (US enamored)
/ I5nAmEd; In`AmLd/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ of/with sth (fml or joc 文或谑) fond of or delighted by sth 喜欢某事物; 倾心於某事物: enamoured of the sound of one's own voice 陶醉於自己的嗓音 * I'm not too enamoured with the idea of spending a whole day with him. 我可不太喜欢一整天都跟他在一起.
encamp
/ In5kAmp; In`kAmp/ v [I, Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] settle in camp 扎营; 野营; 露营: The soldiers are encamped in the forest. 士兵在森林里安营. * (fig 比喻) The strikers have been encamping outside the factory for weeks. 罢工者数周来都在工厂外宿营.
encampment 
n place where troops, etc are encamped 部队等的营地.
encapsulate
/ In5kApsjUleIt; In`kApsE9let/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) (fml 文)  1 enclose sth (as if) in a capsule （似）用胶囊包某物: This story encapsulates scenes from his childhood. 这个故事讲的是他童年的事.  2 express sth briefly; summarize sth 简述某事; 总结某事: The chairman's short statement encapsulates the views of the committee. 主席的简短陈辞概括了委员会的观点.
encase
/ In5keIs; In`kes/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) (fml 文) surround or cover sth (as) with a case （似）将某物置於箱、 盒、 套等之中: His broken leg was encased in plaster. 他折的腿打上了石膏.
-ance, -ence
suff 後缀 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) action or state of ...的动作或状态: assistance * resemblance * confidence.
-ence
=> -ance.
encephalitis
/ 9enkefE5laItIs; 9ZnsZfE`laItIs/ n [U] inflammation of the brain 脑炎.
enchant
/ In5tFB:nt; ?@ -5tFAnt; In`tFAnt/ v [Tn] fill (sb) with great delight 使（某人）极喜悦; 使（某人）陶醉: enchanted by/with the singing of the children被孩子们的歌声迷住.
enchanted
/ -Id; -Id/ adj placed under a magic spell 中魔法的: an enchanted garden, eg in a fairy story 施过魔法的花园（如於童话故事中）.
enchanter 
n person who enchants 迷人的人; 施魔法的人.
enchanting 
adj delightful 令人喜悦的; 迷人的; 可爱的: What an enchanting little girl! 多麽可爱的小姑娘! 
enchantingly 
adv.
enchantment 
n  1 [U] being enchanted 心醉; 销魂; 著迷.  2 [C] thing that enchants 令人心醉、 销魂或著迷之物.  3 [U] delight 乐趣: Dancing has lost all its enchantment for her. 她已完全失去跳舞的乐趣.
enchantress 
n / -trIs; -trIs/ woman who enchants or is enchanting 迷人的女子; 施魔法的女子: seduced by an enchantress 受一迷人女子的诱惑.
encircle
/ In5s\:kl; In`s[kl/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] form a circle round; surround 环绕; 围绕; 包围: a lake encircled by trees 树木环绕著的湖 * enemy troops encircling the town 包围该城的敌军. 
encirclement 
n [U].
encl
abbr 缩写 = (commerce 商) enclosed; enclosure (used eg at the end of a letter sent with one).
enclave
/ 5enkleIv; `Znklev/ n small territory of one state surrounded by that of another 飞地（被他国领土包围的一块领土）: British enclaves in Africa 非洲的英国飞地 * (fig 比喻) Switzerland was an enclave of peace in war-torn Europe. 在饱经战争磨难的欧洲, 瑞士是和平的世外桃源.
enclose
/ In5klEUz; In`kloz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth)  1 (also inclose) put a wall, fence, etc round sth 用墙、 篱笆等围住某物: enclose a garden with a wall 在花园周围筑起墙 * an enclosed order of monks, ie one that lives in isolation from the outside world 隐修士团.  2 put sth in an envelope, letter, parcel, etc 将某物放入封套、 信件、 包裹等中: I'll enclose your letter with mine. 我把你的信装在我的信里. * A cheque for ten pounds is enclosed. 附上一张十英镑的支票. * (fml or commerce 文或商) Enclosed, please find..., ie You will find, enclosed with this... 兹附上....
enclosure
/ In5klEUVE(r); In`kloVL/ n  1 (a) [U] enclosing of land 圈地: opposed to the enclosure of common land 反对把公地圈为私有. (b) [C] (also inclosure) piece of land that is enclosed 被圈起的土地: She keeps a horse in that enclosure. 她在那个围栏里养了一匹马. * the members' enclosure, eg at a racecourse 会员座区（如赛马场上的）.  2 [C] thing that is enclosed (esp with a letter) 附件（尤指信内的）: several enclosures in the envelope 装在信封内的几份附件.
encode
/ In5kEUd; In`kod/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (a) put (a message, etc) into code 将（信息等）译成代码. (b) (computing 计) put (data) into a coded form for processing by a computer 编码. Cf 参看 decode.
encomium
/ en5kEUmIEm; Zn`komIEm/ n (pl -miums or  -mia / -mIE; -mIE/) (fml 文) very high praise in speech or writing 极高的赞颂; 推崇; 赞词; 颂词.
encompass
/ In5kQmpEs; In`kQmpEs/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 include or comprise sth 包含或包括某事物: The general arts course at the university encompasses a wide range of subjects. 大学文科包括的科目范围很广.  2 (also compass) (dated 旧) surround 包围; 环绕: a lake encompassed by mountains 群山环抱的湖.
encore
/ 5CNkR:(r); `BNkRr/ interj (called out by an audience) Again! Repeat!（听众或观众喊出的）再来一个! 再来一次!
encore 
n (call for a) repetition (of a song, etc) or a further performance by the same person or people 再演（唱等）（的呼喊）: The violinist got an enthusiastic encore. 听众热情要求小提琴手再演奏一曲. * The group gave three encores. 演出小组应听众之请又演出了三个节目.
encounter
/ In5kaUntE(r); In`kaJntL/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 meet or find oneself faced by (sth/sb unpleasant, dangerous, difficult, etc) 遇到或发现自己面临（令人不快的、 危险的、 困难的...某事[某人]）: I encountered many difficulties when I first started this job. 我开始做这项工作时, 遇到许多困难. * We encountered four enemy aircraft. 我们遇到四架敌机.  2 meet (a friend, etc) unexpectedly 邂逅（友人等）.
encounter 
n ~ (with sb/sth) sudden or unexpected (esp hostile) meeting 突然的或意外的（尤指敌对的）相遇: an encounter with an enemy 与敌人的遭遇 * I had a brief encounter with an angry client. 我与一个生气的顾客一时发生了冲突.
encourage
/ In5kQrIdV; In`kQrIdV/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (in sth) give support, confidence or hope to sb 鼓励或支持某人: Don't encourage bad habits in a child. 不要助长孩子的坏习惯. * He felt encouraged by the progress he'd made. 他取得了成绩而欢欣鼓舞. * Her parents encouraged her in her studies. 她的父母鼓励她好好学习. * encourage sb to lose weight 鼓励某人减轻体重.  2 [Tn] help (sth) to develop; stimulate 帮助（某事物）发展; 激励; 促进: encourage exports 促进出口.
encouragement 
n ~ (to sb) (to do sth) (a) [U] action of encouraging 鼓励; 支持; 激励; 促进: shouts of encouragement 鼓劲的呼声. (b) [C] thing that encourages 鼓励、 支持或促进的事物: The teacher's words were a great encouragement to him. 教师的话对他是极大的鼓舞.
encouraging 
adj: encouraging words, news, signs 令人鼓舞的话、 消息、 迹象 * This year's sales figures are veryencouraging. 今年的销售额很令人鼓舞. 
encouragingly
adv.
encroach
/ In5krEUtF; In`krotF/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (on/upon sth) (fml 文) go beyond what is right or natural or desirable; intrude 超出正当的、 自然的或适当的程度; 侵入; 侵害: encroach on sb's property 侵占某人的财产 * encroach on the liberty of the individual 侵犯个人自由 * The sea is gradually encroaching (on the land), ie washing the land away. 海水渐渐浸蚀了陆地.
encroachment 
n ~ (on/upon sth) (fml 文) (a) [U] action of encroaching 侵入; 侵害; 侵占: I resent the encroachment on my time. 我讨厌别人侵占我的时间. (b) [C] thing gained by encroaching 侵占或侵害之物: encroachments made by the sea upon the land 海水对陆地的侵蚀之处.
encrust
/ In5krQst; In`krQst/ v  1 [usu passive 通常用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) cover (a surface) with a crust or thin hard coating, sometimes for decoration 在（表面）覆以薄而硬的壳或外层（有时作为装饰）: a gold vase encrusted with diamonds 镶嵌钻石的金花瓶 * an encrusted wound 结痂的伤口.  2 [I] form into a crust 形成壳或硬皮: Salt from the sea had encrusted on the dry sand. 海水中的盐分在乾燥的沙子上结成硬皮.
encumber
/ In5kQmbE(r); In`kQmbL/ v [usu passive 通常用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth)  1 prevent sb/sth from moving or acting freely and easily 阻碍或妨碍某人[某物]自由活动: Travelling is difficult when you're encumbered with two small children and a heavy suitcase. 旅行时带著两个孩子和一个沉重的手提箱, 真是寸步难移. * encumbered with debts 为债务所累.  2 (derog 贬) crowd sth; fill sth up 堆满某物; 充填某物: a room encumbered with old and useless furniture 堆满无用的旧家具的房间.
encumbrance
/ In5kQmbrEns; In`kQmbrEns/ n [C] person or thing that encumbers 防碍者; 障碍物; 累赘; 负担.
-ancy, -ency
suff 後缀 (with ns, adjs and vs forming ns 与名词、 形容词、 动词结合构成名词) state or quality of ...的状态或性质: complacency * irrelevancy * presidency.
encyclical
/ In5sIklIkl; Zn`sIklIkl/ n letter written by the Pope for wide circulation 教皇通谕.
encyclopedia (also encyclopaedia)
/ In9saIklE5pi:dIE; In9saIklE`pidIE/ n book or set of books giving information about every branch of knowledge, or about one particular subject, with articles in alphabetical order 百科全书: an encyclopedia of music 音乐百科全书 * a children's encyclopaedia 儿童百科全书.
encyclopedic (also encyclopaedic)
/ In9saIklE5pi:dIk; In9saIklE`pidIk/ adj dealing with or having knowledge of a wide variety of subjects; comprehensive 百科全书的; 包含各种学科的; 学识渊博的; 广博的: encyclopedic knowledge 渊博的知识.
end
/ end; Znd/ n  1 farthest or last part or point (of the length of sth); extreme limit 末端; 尽头; 极限: the end of a road, stick, line 路的终点、 棍的顶端、 线的末端 * the house at the end of the street 在街道尽头的房屋 * join the end of the queue 站在一排人的最後 * the end of the tunnel 隧道的终点 * the west/east end (ie the parts in the west/east) of a town 城镇的西[东]区 * We've travelled from one end of Britain to the other. 我们已从英国的这一头旅行到另一头. * [attrib 作定语] the end house 最末尾的房子 * the end carriage, ie in a train 末节车厢.  2 final part of sth; finish; conclusion 某事物的最後部分; 结束; 结论; 终结; 终止: at the end of the day, month, year, century, etc 在一日、 月、 年、 世纪等之终结时 * the end of a story 故事的结尾 * He said he'd love her till the end of time, ie for ever. 他说天长地久永远爱她. * the end of an era 一个时代的终结.  3 small piece left over after sth has been used 某物使用後剩下的小块: a cigarette end 香烟头 * candle ends 蜡烛头.  4 (often euph 常作委婉语) death 死亡: He's nearing his end, ie is dying. 他已气息奄奄. * She came to an untimely end, ie died young. 她死的时候很年青.  5 aim or purpose 目的; 目标: gain/win/achieve one's ends 达到目的 * with this end in view/to this end 以此为目标[为达此目的].  6 half of a sports pitch, etc defended or occupied by one team or player （球类比赛场地中的）半场: At half-time the teams changed ends. 比赛进行一半时, 双方交换了场地.  7 part or share (esp of a business, etc) with which a person is concerned 与某人有关的（尤指企业等的）部门或部分: We need someone to handle the marketing end of the business. 我们需要有人管理本公司的销售部. * Are there any problems at your end? 你那部门有问题吗?  8 (idm 习语) at a loose end => loose1. (be) at an end finished 结束; 终结: The war was at an end. 战争结束了. at the ,end of one's `tether having no power, patience, endurance, etc left 已无力量、 耐性、 耐力等: I've been looking after four young children all day and I really am at the end of my tether! 我整天都在照料四个小孩, 确实已筋疲力尽了! (be) at the end of sth finishing sth; having no more of sth 完成某事物; 已无某事物: at the end of his patience 他已再无耐性. at the ,end of the `day when everything is taken into consideration 把一切都考虑进去: At the end of the day the new manager is no better than the previous one. 从各个方面来看, 这位新经理并不比前任强. at one's wits' end => wit. be at/on the receiving end => receive. be the end (infml 口) be the limit of what one can tolerate; be very bad, annoying, etc 可忍受的极限; 非常糟、 令人恼怒等: This is the end  I'm never coming to this hotel again. 可受够了--我再也不到这家旅馆来了. * They really are the end! 他们真令人恼火! the beginning of the end => beginning (begin). bring sth/come/draw to an end (cause sth to) finish, usu after lasting some time （使某事物）结束, 终止（通常为已持续一段时间的）: The battle finally brought the war to an end. 这一仗使这场战争终告结束. * At last the meeting came to an end. 会议终於结束了. burn the candle at both ends => burn2.the business end => business. come to a bad/sticky `end be led by one's actions to ruin, disgrace, punishment, an unpleasant death, etc 遭到报应; 恶有恶报: He'll come to a bad end one of these days. 他总有一天会遭到恶报的. * I like films where the villain comes to a sticky end! 我喜欢恶有恶报的影片! a dead end => dead. an ,end in it`self thing that is considered important in its own right, though possibly originally having another purpose 本身即很重要的事物（可能起初并不为主）: For the old lady buying the daily newspaper soon became an end in itself, since she really just wanted to chat with the shopkeeper. 那老太太每天去买报纸, 不多时便觉乐在其中, 因为她主要是想和店主聊天. the ,end ,justifies the `means (saying 谚) even wrong or unfair methods may be allowed if the result or purpose of the action is good 只要目的正当, 可以不择手段. (reach) the ,end of the `line/`road (reach) the point at which one does not wish, or cannot bear, to continue in the same way （达到）不希望的或不能容忍的地步: It's sad that they got divorced but they had reached the end of the line together. 他们离婚令人难过, 但双方已达到无法容忍的地步了. (not) the ,end of the `world (not) completely disastrous for sb 对某人（不）是天大的灾难: You must realize that failing one exam is not the end of the world. 你要明白, 一次不及格不是大不了的事. (go to) the ,ends of the `earth (go to) the most remote parts of the world （去）天涯海角: (fig 比喻) I'd go to the ends of the earth to see her again. 哪怕走遍天涯海角, 我也要再次见到她. ,end `on with the ends meeting 两端相遇: The two ships collided end on, ie The front (or back) of one struck the front (or back) of the other. 那两条船两端相撞了. ,end to `end in a line, with the ends touching 首尾相接成一行: arrange the tables end to end 将桌子连接排成一行. get hold of the wrong end of the stick => wrong. go off the deep end => deep1. in the `end at last; finally 终於; 最後: He tried many different jobs; in the end he became a postman. 他做过多种工作, 最後当了邮递员. keep one's `end up (Brit infml 口) continue to be cheerful and play one's part despite difficulties （不顾困难）仍乐观而尽本分, 不泄气. light at the end of the tunnel => light1. make an end of sth (fml 文) finish sth 结束某事物. make (both) ends meet earn enough money to live without getting into debt; balance one's income and expenditure 使收支相抵: Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to make ends meet. 他们失了业, 还要养活两个小孩, 无法维持起码的生活. make one's hair stand on end => hair. a means to an end => means1. no end of sth (infml 口) very many or much; very great 无数的; 大量的; 巨大的: I've had no end of problems recently. 近来我的问题没完没了. * We had no end of trouble getting them to agree. 我们为让他们同意著实费尽了口舌. not/never hear the end of sth => hear. odds and ends => odds. on `end (a) upright 直立; 竖著: He placed the box on (its) end and sat on it. 他把箱子竖起来, 坐在上面. (b) continuously 连续地: They argued for two hours on end. 他们连续争论了两小时. put an `end to one's life/oneself kill oneself 自杀. put an end/a stop to sth stop sth from happening any more; abolish sth 终止或废止某事物: The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. 政府决心遏止恐怖主义活动. the thin end of the wedge => thin. throw sb in at the deep end => deep1. to the bitter end => bitter. without `end never reaching an end or finishing 无尽的; 无穷的: troubles without end 无穷无尽的烦恼 * world without end 广袤无际的天地.
endpapers 
n [pl] (usu blank) pages pasted to the inside covers of a book 扉页（书籍封面及封底内侧所贴的衬页, 通常为空白页）.
end-product 
n final product of a manufacturing process 最终产品.
end
/ end; Znd/ v  1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] (cause sth to) come to an end （使某事物）结束, 终止: The road ends here, ie goes no further. 这条路到此为止. * How does this story end? 这故事的结局如何? * They decided to end their relationship. 他们决定结束彼此的关系. * They ended the play with a song. 他们以一首歌曲结束了这出剧.  2 (idm 习语) the be-all and end-all => be1. ,end it `all; ,end one's `life commit suicide 自杀: He was so miserable that he seriously thought about ending it all. 他难受得甚至认真考虑过要自杀. ,end one's `days/`life (in sth) spend the last part of one's life (in a particular state or place) （处於某状况下或在某处）度过余生: The great singer ended his days in poverty. 那位大歌唱家在贫困中度过残生.  3 (phr v) end in sth (a) have sth as its tip or ending 以某事物作为末端或结尾: The word ends in -ous. 此词以-ous结尾. (b) have sth as a result or conclusion 以某事物作为结果或结论: Their long struggle ended in failure. 他们长期斗争终告失败. * The argument ended in tears. 争吵到最後声泪俱下. * The debate ended in uproar. 那场争辩以大吵大闹收场. end sth off (with sth/by doing sth) finish sth (in a suitable or successful way) （妥当地或顺利地）结束某事物: We ended off the meal with coffee and brandy. 我们这顿饭最後喝的是咖啡和白兰地. * He ended off his speech by telling a very funny joke. 他最後讲了一个非常滑稽的笑话结束了讲话. end up reach or come to a certain place, state or action, esp by a lengthy route or process 到达或来到某处, 达到某状态或采取某行动（尤指经一长路程或过程）: If you continue to steal you'll end up in prison. 你要是继续行窃终归得进监狱. * After much discussion about holidays abroad we ended up in Cornwall. 我们反覆商量到国外度假的事, 最後决定去康沃尔. * At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉. * If he carries on driving like that, he'll end up dead. 他照这样开车, 早晚得死於非命.
ending 
n end, esp of a story, film, play or word 结尾, 结局（尤指故事、 电影、 戏剧或词语）: a story with a happy ending 结局圆满的故事.
endanger
/ In5deIndVE(r); In`dendVL/ v [Tn] cause danger to (sb/sth); put in danger 危及, 危害（某人[某事物]）; 使遭到危险: Smoking endangers your health. 吸烟危害健康. * The giant panda is an endangered species, ie is in danger of becoming extinct. 大熊猫是面临绝种危险的动物.
endear
/ In5dIE(r); In`dIr/ v [Tn.pr] ~ sb/oneself to sb (fml 文) make sb/oneself loved or liked by sb 使某人[自己]受某人喜爱: Her kindness to my children greatly endeared her to me. 她对我的孩子很好, 所以我十分喜爱她. * He managed to endear himself to everybody. 他有办法让大家都喜欢他.
endearing 
adj causing or resulting in affection 使人喜爱的; 讨人喜欢的: an endearing remark, smile, habit 讨人喜欢的话、 微笑、 习惯. 
endearingly 
adv.
endearment 
n [C, U] word or expression of affection 爱慕的词语; 亲爱的表示: He whispered endearments in her ear. 他在她耳边说著悄悄话. * `Darling' is a term of endearment. ｀亲爱的＇是亲昵语.
endeavour (US endeavor)
/ In5devE(r); In`dZvL/ n (fml 文) attempt or effort 努力; 尽力: Please make every endeavour to arrive punctually. 请尽量准时到达.
endeavour 
v [It] (fml 文) try 努力; 尽力; 力图: They endeavoured to make her happy but in vain. 他们尽量使她快乐, 却徒劳无功.
endemic
/ en5demIk; Zn`dZmIk/ n, adj [often pred 常作表语] (disease) that is regularly found in a particular country or area, or among a particular group of people 某国家、 地区或某部分人中常见的（疾病）; 地方性的（病）: Malaria is endemic in/to many hot countries. 疟疾是热带许多国家的地方病. * (fig 比喻) the violence endemic in the city 该城中肆虐的暴力行为. Cf 参看 epidemic, pandemic.
endive
/ 5endIv; ?@ -daIv; `ZndaIv/ n [C, U]  1 (US also escarole) type of plant with curly leaves used as salad 莴苣（用作凉菜）.  2 (US) = chicory.
endless
/ 5endlIs; `ZndlIs/ adj  1 (seemingly) without end （似乎）无止境的; 无穷尽的: endless patience 无限的耐心 * an endless choice of things to do 可做之事数之不尽 * The hours of waiting seemed endless. 等候了很多小时, 似乎无尽无休.  2 (of a belt, chain, cable, etc) with the ends joined; continuous （指带、 链、 缆等）两端相连的, 循环不断的: wheels in a machine driven by an endless belt 用无极带传动的机器轮子. 
endlessly 
adv.
endorse
/ In5dR:s; In`dRrs/ v [Tn]  1 write one's name on the back of (esp a cheque) 在（尤指支票）的背面签字; 背书.  2 (a) write comments, etc in or on the back of (a document) 在（文件）的背面写评论; 批注（公文）. (b) (Brit) record details of a motoring offence in (a driving licence) 在（驾驶执照上）记录违章事项: He's had his licence endorsed for dangerous driving. 他的驾驶执照上载有危险驾驶记录.  3 give one's (official) approval or support to (a claim, statement, etc) （正式）赞同或支持（某要求、 言论等）: I am afraid I can't endorse your opinion of the government's record. 很抱歉, 你对政府功过的看法本人不敢苟同.  4 say in an advertisement that one uses and approves of (a product) 在广告上说本人使用并赞许（某产品）: Well-known sportsmen can earn large sums of money from manufacturers by endorsing clothes and equipment. 著名运动员在广告中替厂家宣传运动服装和器械, 可获得巨额报酬.
endorsement 
n (a) [U] act of endorsing 背书; 批注; （在执照上的）违章记录; 赞同; 支持: the endorsement of a cheque 支票的背书 * official endorsement of the scheme 对该计划的正式认可. (b) [C] instance of this; statement that endorses 背书; 批注; （在执照上的）违章记录; 赞同; 支持: Her son has had two endorsements for speeding. 她儿子的驾驶执照上有两次超速记录.
endow
/ In5daU; In`daJ/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth) give money, property, etc to provide a regular income for (eg a school, a college) （经常性）资助, 捐助（如学校等）: endow a bed in a hospital 资助医院的一个床位（即经常资助一名住院病人的全部医疗费用）.  2 [Tn.pr usu passive 通常用於被动语态] ~ sb with sth provide sb naturally with (any good quality or ability) 使某人天生具有（任何好的品质或能力）: She's endowed with intelligence as well as beauty. 她生来聪明貌美.
endowment 
n  1 [U] action of endowing （经常的）资助, 捐助: the endowment of many schools by rich former pupils 许多学校经常得到富裕校友的资助.  2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] money, property, etc given to provide an income 捐助的财物等: The Oxford and Cambridge colleges have numerous endowments. 牛津和剑桥大学有数不清的捐助财物.  3 [C usu pl 通常作复数] natural talent, quality or ability 天赋; 天资; 才能: Not everyone is born with such endowments as you. 并非所有的人生来都像你这样有天赋. en`dowment policy form of life insurance where a certain sum is paid on a specified date to the insured person or is paid to that person's dependents if he dies before that date 养老保险.
endue
/ In5dju:; ?@ -5du:; In`du/ v [Tn.pr usu passive 通常用於被动语态] ~ sb with sth (fml 文) provide or supply sb with a good quality, ability etc 给予或赋予某人好的品质、 能力等: endued with gentleness 天赋的温顺.
endurance
/ In5djUErEns; ?@ -5dUE-; In`dJrEns/ n [U] state or power of enduring 忍耐力: He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness. 他生病的整个阶段都表现出非凡的忍耐力. * His treatment of her was beyond endurance, ie impossible to endure any longer. 他这样对待她是无法忍受的. * [attrib 作定语] The soldiers eventually completed the endurance tests, ie tests of how long they could endure harsh conditions. 士兵们终於完成了耐力测验. * (fig 比喻) Jane's party was more of an endurance test than anything else. 参加简举办的聚会完全是考验耐性.
endure
/ In5djUE(r); ?@ -5dUEr; In`dJr/ v  1 [I, Tn] suffer or undergo (sth painful or uncomfortable) patiently 忍受; 忍耐: endure toothache 忍受牙痛 * He endured three years in prison for his religious beliefs. 他因其宗教信仰而忍受系狱三年之苦.  2 [Tn, Tt, Tg] (esp in negative sentences 尤用於否定句) bear; tolerate 忍受; 容忍: I can't endure that woman. 我对那个女人忍无可忍. * I can't endure to see/seeing children suffer. 看著儿童受苦, 我可受不了.  3 [I] continue in existence; last 持续; 持久: fame that will endure for ever 将永世长存的声望 * as long as life endures 只要生命犹存 * These traditions have endured throughout the ages. 这些传统世代相传至今.
endurable
/ -rEbl; -rEbl/ adj that can be endured; bearable 可忍耐的; 可忍受的; 可容忍的: He found the boredom scarcely endurable. 他觉得这种厌烦难以忍受.
enduring 
adj continuing in existence; lasting 持续的; 持久的: enduring memories 永存的记忆 * an enduring peace 持久的和平 * Her influence was the most enduring of all. 她的影响是最持久的. 
enduringly 
adv.
endways
/ 5endweIz; `Znd9wez/ (also endwise / 5endwaIz; `Znd9waIz/) adv  1 with the end facing forwards 末端向前: The bed was pushed endways into the bedroom. 这张床已尾端朝前推入了卧室.  2 end to end 两端相接地: The child put the toy cars together endways. 孩子将玩具汽车两端相连摆在一起.
enema
/ 5enImE; `ZnEmE/ n  1 injection of liquid into the rectum by means of a syringe (eg to clean out the bowels before an operation) 灌肠（如手术前）: give a patient an enema 给病人灌肠.  2 liquid used for this 灌肠剂.
enemy
/ 5enEmI; `ZnEmI/ n  1 [C] person who strongly dislikes or wants to injure or attack sb/sth 敌人; 仇人; 仇敌: Jane and Sarah used to be friends but now they are bitter enemies, ie of each other. 简和萨拉以前是朋友而现在是死对头. * His arrogance made him many enemies, ie made many people hate him. 他妄自尊大, 树敌很多.  2 (a) the enemy [Gp] (armed) forces of a nation, side, etc with which one's country, side, etc is at war 敌军: an encounter with the enemy 与敌军的遭遇战 * The enemy was/were forced to retreat. 敌军被迫撤退了. * [attrib 作定语] enemy forces, aircraft, ships, etc 敌军、 敌机、 敌舰等 * enemy propaganda 敌方的宣传. (b) [C] member of such a hostile force 敌兵.  3 [C] anything that harms or weakens 危害或削弱之物: Poverty and ignorance are the enemies of progress. 贫穷和愚昧是进步的敌人.  4 (idm 习语) one's own worst enemy => worst. carry the war into the enemy's camp => carry.
energy
/ 5enEdVI; `ZnLdVI/ n  1 [U] ability to act or work with strength and eagerness 精力; 干劲: She's full of energy. 她精力充沛. * His work seemed to lack energy. 他工作似乎缺乏干劲. * It's a waste of time and energy. 那简直是浪费时间和精力.  2 energies [pl] person's powers available for working or other activities 精力; 活力: I must concentrate my energies on decorating today. 我今天必须集中精力搞装饰. * apply/devote all one's energies to a task 全力以赴.  3 [U] (physics 物) ability of matter or radiation to do work because of its motion or its mass or its electric charge, etc 能; 能量: nuclear energy 核能 * electrical energy 电能 * kinetic energy 动能.  4 [U] fuel and other resources used for operating machinery, etc 能源: It is important to conserve energy. 节省能源十分重要. * [attrib 作定语] an energy crisis, eg when sources of energy are scarce or unavailable 能源危机.
energetic
/ 9enE5dVetIk; 9ZnL`dVZtIk/ full of or done with energy(1) 精力充沛的; 充满活力的: an energetic child 精力旺盛的孩子 * take some energetic exercise 做些剧烈的锻炼. 
energetically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
energize, energise
/ 5enEdVaIz; `ZnE9dVaIz/ v [Tn] (a) give energy to (sb/sth) 给与（某人[某物]）精力, 能量. (b) cause electricity to flow to (a device) 使电流入（一装置）.
enervate
/ 5enEveIt; `ZnL9vet/ v [Tn] cause (sb) to lose strength or energy 使（某人）失去力量或精力; 使衰弱: an enervating climate 使人无精打彩的气候 * a long, enervating illness 长期而使人衰弱的病.
enfant terrible
/ 9CnfCn te5ri:bl; 9BnfBntZ`ribl/ (pl enfants terribles / 9CnfCn te5ri:bl; 9BnfBntZ`ribl/) (French often joc 法, 常作戏谑语) (esp young) person whose behaviour, ideas, etc annoy, shock or embarrass those with more conventional opinions （行为、 想法等）使常人不悦、 震惊或受窘的人（尤指年轻人）: Her advanced ideas have made her the enfant terrible of the art world. 她一味标新立异, 在艺术界堪称一怪.
enfeeble
/ In5fi:bl; In`fibl/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) make weak or feeble 使衰弱; 使无力: enfeebled by a long illness 因长期患病而虚弱无力.
enfold
/ In5fEUld; In`fold/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in/with sth) (fml 文) enclose sb/sth, esp in one's arms; clasp or embrace sb/sth 围住、 圈起某人[某物]; 抱紧、 拥抱某人[某物]: He enfolded the child in an affectionate embrace. 他疼爱那孩子而紧紧搂在怀里.
enforce
/ In5fR:s; In`fRrs/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sb) force people to obey (a law, etc); make sth effective 强迫人服从（法律等）; 使某事物生效; 实施; 执行: The police are there to enforce the law. 有警方管执法.  2 [Tn] make (sth) happen or bring (sth) about by force 迫使（某事）发生: enforced silence, discipline, idleness 被迫的沉默、 强迫执行的纪律、 被迫的无事可做.  3 [Tn] give greater force or strength to (an argument, a belief, etc) 加强（某论点、 信念等）: Have you any statistics that would enforce your argument? 你有没有支持自己论点的统计数字?
enforceable
/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that can be enforced 可强迫的; 可实施的; 可强制执行的; 可加强的: Such a strict law is not easily enforceable. 这样严竣的法令不易实施.
enforcement 
n [U] enforcing or being enforced 强制; 实施; 执行; 加强: strict enforcement of a new law 新法令的强制执行.
enfranchise
/ In5frAntFaIz; In`frAntFaIz/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文)  1 give (sb) political rights, esp the right to vote at parliamentary elections给予（某人）政治权利（尤指议会选举权）: In Britain women were enfranchised in 1918. 1918年英国妇女获得议会选举权.  2 set free (slaves) 解放（奴隶）. 
enfranchisement
/ In5frAntFIzmEnt; In`frAntFIzmEnt/ n [U].
B Eng
/ 9bi:5endV; 9bi`ZndV/ abbr 缩写 = Bachelor of Engineering 工学士: have/be a B Eng 有工学士学位[为工学士] * Greg James B Eng 工学士格雷格·詹姆斯.
Eng
abbr 缩写 =  1 engineer(ing): Tim Dale BSc (Eng) 蒂姆·戴尔理科学士（工程学）.  2 England; English.
engage
/ In5geIdV; In`^edV/ v  1 [Tn, Cn.n/a] ~ sb (as sth) (fml 文) arrange to employ sb; hire sb 聘用某人; 雇用某人: engage a new secretary 聘用一新秘书 * He's been engaged to decorate the house. 他受雇装饰这所房子. * She was engaged as an interpreter. 她应聘当译员.  2 [Tn] (fml 文) occupy or attract (sb's thoughts, time, etc) 占用（某人的时间）; 吸引（某人的注意力等）: Nothing engages his attention for long. 什麽事都无法使他长时间精神集中. * The woman's plight engaged our sympathy. 那女人的困难处境引起我们的同情.  3 [I, Tn] (fml 文) begin fighting with (sb) 与（某人）交战: Our orders are to engage (the enemy) immediately. 我们的命令是立即（与敌军）开战. * The two armies were fiercely engaged for several hours. 两军激战达数小时.  4 (a) [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) (of parts of a machine, etc) lock or fit together （指机器零件等）啮合, 衔接: The two cog-wheels engaged and the machine started. 那两个齿轮一啮合, 机器就启动了. * One cog-wheel engages with another. 一齿轮与另一齿轮啮合. (b) [Tn] cause (parts of a machine, etc) to lock together or fit into each other 使（机器零件等）啮合, 衔接: engage the clutch/first gear, eg in a car, when driving 使离合器啮合[挂一挡]（如开车时）.  5 [Tt] (dated fml 旧, 文) bind oneself by a promise; guarantee 允诺; 答应; 保证: a lawyer engaged to undertake the sale of the house immediately 受聘将房子立即出售的律师.  6 (phr v) engage (sb) in sth (cause sb to) take part in or be occupied in sth （使某人）参加某事或从事某事: I have no time to engage in gossip. 我无暇闲聊. * be engaged in politics, business 从政、 做生意 * I engaged him in conversation. 我让他加入谈话.
engaged 
adj [usu pred 通常作表语]  1 (of a person) busy; occupied （指人）忙著, 时间占用著: I can't come to dinner on Tuesday; I'm otherwise engaged, ie I've already arranged to do something else. 我星期二不能来参加宴会, 我有别的事.  2 (Brit) (US busy) (of a telephone line) in use （指电话线）使用著, 占线: Sorry! That number's engaged. 对不起! 这个号码现在占线. * [attrib 作定语] the engaged tone/signal, ie sound that tells the caller that the telephone line is engaged 占线声[占线信号].  3 ~ (to sb) (of a person or two people) having agreed to marry （指一人或两人）已订婚: She's engaged to Peter. 她与彼得订了婚. * They're engaged (to be married), ie to each other. 他们俩订婚了. * We've just got engaged. 我们刚刚订婚. * [attrib 作定语] an engaged couple. 已订婚的双方.  4 (a) (esp of a toilet) occupied; already in use （尤指厕所）占用著, 使用著. (b) (of seats, tables, etc) reserved for later use （指座位、 桌子等）预订.
engaging 
adj likely to attract or occupy the attention; charming 吸引注意力的; 迷人的: an engaging smile, manner, person 迷人的微笑、 姿态、 人. 
engagingly 
adv.
engagement
/ In5geIdVmEnt; In`^edVmEnt/ n  1 [C] agreement to marry 订婚: Their engagement was announced in the local paper. 他们订婚的消息已登在当地报纸上.  2 [C] arrangement to go somewhere, meet sb or do sth at a fixed time; appointment 约会: I have several engagements for next week. 我下周有几个约会. * The orchestra has several concert engagements. 这管弦乐队已安排好几场音乐会.  3 [C] (fml 文) formal promise or guarantee, esp in writing 正式的承诺或保证（尤指书面形式）: He doesn't have enough money to meet all his engagements, ie to make the payments he has promised to make. 他无钱偿付承诺的一切债务.  4 [C] (fml 文) battle 战斗; 交战: The general tried to avoid an engagement with the enemy. 那位将军竭力避免与敌军交战.  5 [U] arrangement to employ; action of engaging 聘用的事宜; 雇用的行动: the engagement of three new assistants 聘用三名新助手的事.  6 [U] action or result of engaging (parts of a machine, etc) （机器零件等）啮合的动作或结果: after engagement of the clutch 离合器啮合後.
engagement ring 
ring (usu containing precious stones) that a man gives to a woman when they agree to marry 订婚戒指（通常有宝石）.
engender
/ In5dVendE(r); In`dVZndL/ v [Tn] (fml 文) be the cause of (a situation or condition) 产生（某形势或状况）; 造成; 引起: Some people believe poverty engenders crime. 有人认为贫困生罪恶.
engine
/ 5endVIn; `ZndVEn/ n  1 machine with moving parts that converts energy such as heat, electricity, etc into motion 发动机; 引擎: This car has a new engine. 这辆汽车的发动机是新的. * a steam/diesel/petrol engine 蒸汽[柴油/汽油]发动机.  2 (also locomotive) machine that pulls or pushes a railway train 机车; 火车头: I prefer to sit (ie in a railway carriage) facing the engine. 我喜欢面朝机车坐（在火车车厢里）.  3 (arch 古) machine or instrument 机器; 工具: engines of war, eg cannons 战争工具（如大炮） * siege engines 攻城器械.
engine-driver 
n (Brit) (US engineer) person who drives a railway engine 火车司机.
engineer
/ 9endVI5nIE(r); 9ZndVE`nIr/ n  1 person who designs, builds or maintains engines, machines, bridges, railways, mines, etc 工程师; 建筑师; 机械师: a civil/mining/electrical/mechanical engineer 土木[采矿/电气/机械]工程师.  2 skilled person who controls an engine or engines, esp on a ship or aircraft 操纵发动机的技师（尤指轮船或飞机上的）: the chief engineer on a cruise liner 游轮的轮机长.  3 (US) = engine-driver (engine).  4 soldier trained to design and build military works 工兵: He's in the Royal Engineers, ie a branch of the British Army. 他在皇家工兵部队服役（英国陆军的兵种）.
engineer 
v [Tn]  1 (infml derog 口, 贬) arrange or cause (sth), esp by cunning or secret means 安排或策动（某事物）（尤指用狡猾或秘密手段）; 策划: His enemies engineered his downfall. 他的仇敌图谋把他搞垮. * engineer a plot, scheme, revolt, etc 策划阴谋、 诡计、 反叛等.  2 build or control (sth) as an engineer 建造或操纵（某事物）.
engineering
/ 9endVI5nIErIN; 9ZndVE`nIrIN/ n [U] (a) practical application of scientific knowledge in the design, construction and control of machines, public services such as roads, bridges, etc, electrical apparatus, chemicals, etc 工程: civil/electrical/chemical/mechanical engineering 土木[电气/化学/机械]工程 * The new bridge is a triumph of engineering. 这座新桥是建筑工程的硕果. (b) work, science or profession of an engineer 工程; 工程学; 工程师行业: She's studying engineering at university. 她正在大学学习工程学. * [attrib 作定语] an engineering degree 工程学学位.
English
/ 5INglIF; `IN^lIF/ n  1 [U] the language of England, used in Britain, most countries in the British Commonwealth, the USA and some other countries 英语; 英文: He speaks excellent English. 他英语说得好极了. * I must work to improve my English. 我必须努力提高英语水平.  2 the English [pl v] the people of England (sometimes wrongly used to mean the British, ie to include the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish) 英格兰人（有时误用以指英国人, 即除英格兰人外还包括苏格兰人、 威尔士人、 爱尔兰人）.  3 (idm 习语) in plain English => plain. the King's/Queen's `English good, correct standard English 纯正标准的英语: She speaks a dialect, not the Queen's English. 她说一口方言, 不是标准英语.
English 
adj  1 of England or its people 英格兰的; 英格兰人的; 英国的; 英国人的: the English countryside 英国乡村 * English characteristics 英国人的特性 * He is very English in his attitudes. 他的态度英国味十足.  2 [attrib 作定语] of, written in, or spoken in the English language 英语的; 用英语写的; 用英语说的: He's studying English literature. 他在研究英国文学.
English breakfast 
breakfast usu consisting of cereals, cooked bacon and eggs, toast and marmalade, and tea or coffee 英国式早餐（通常包括麦片类、 熏猪肉片、 鸡蛋、 烤面包片、 果酱及茶或咖啡）. Cf 参看 continental breakfast (continent1).
the English Channel (also the Channel) 
the area of the sea between England and France 英吉利海峡.
Englishman
/ -mEn; -mEn/ (pl -men), Englishwoman (pl -women) ns  1 person born in England or one whose parents are English or one who has become an English citizen 英格兰人; 英国人.  2 (idm 习语) an ,Englishman's ,home is his `castle (saying 谚) an English person's home is a place where he may be private and safe and do as he wishes 英国人的家就是城堡（为私人随心所欲的安全天地）.
engrave
/ In5greIv; In`^rev/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ B on A/~ A (with B) cut or carve (words, designs, etc) on (a hard surface) 在（硬物）上雕刻（字、 画等）: His initials were engraved on the cigarette case. 他姓名的首字母刻在香烟盒上. * The cigarette case was engraved with his initials. 这香烟盒上刻著他姓名的首字母. * engraving a design on a metal plate, eg for printing 在金属板上雕一图案（如用以印刷）.  2 [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ sth on sth (fig 比喻) impress sth deeply on (the memory or mind) 将某事物深深留在（记忆或头脑中）; 牢记; 铭记: Memories of that terrible day are forever engraved on my mind. 那可怕的一天永远留在我的记忆中.
engraver 
n person who engraves designs, etc on stone, metal, etc 雕刻师; 刻板工人.
engraving
/ In5greIvIN; In`^revIN/ n  1 [U] art of cutting or carving designs on metal, stone, etc 雕刻术; 刻板术.  2 [C] picture printed from an engraved metal plate 版画: I bought an old engraving of the High Street. 我买了一张｀大街＇的旧版画.
engross
/ In5grEUs; In`^ros/ v [Tn]  1 (usu passive 通常用於被动语态) occupy all the time or attention of (sb) 占去某人的全部时间或注意力; 使全神贯注: be engrossed in one's work 全神贯注於工作 * an engrossing story 引人入胜的故事.  2 (law 律) write (eg a legal document) in large letters or in formal legal style 以大字体或以正式法律文体写（如法律文件）.
engulf
/ In5gQlf; In`^Qlf/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) (of the sea, flames, etc) surround (sth) or cause (sth) to disappear; envelop （指海洋、 火焰等）包围（某物）或使（某物）消失; 包住; 吞没: a boat engulfed in/by the waves 被浪涛吞没的小船 * (fig 比喻) engulfed in silence, misery 陷入寂静、 痛苦之中.
enhance
/ In5hB:ns; ?@ -5hAns; In`hAns/ v [Tn] increase (the good qualities of sb/sth); make (sb/sth) look better 增强（某人[某事物]的优点）; 使（某人[某事物]）看起来更好; 提高; 美化: enhance the status, reputation, position, etc of sb 提高某人的身分、 声望、 地位 * Those clothes do nothing to enhance her appearance. 她穿那些衣服也并没显得更漂亮.
enhancement 
n (a) [U] action of enhancing 增强; 提高; 美化. (b) [C] thing that enhances 用以增强、 提高或美化之物.
enigma
/ I5nIgmE; I`nI^mE/ n question, person, thing, circumstance, etc that is difficult to understand; mystery 难於理解的问题、 人、 物、 情况等; 奥秘: I've known him for many years, but he remains something of an enigma to me. 我与他相识多年, 他仍然难以捉摸.
enigmatic
/ 9enIg5mtIk; 9ZnI^`mAtIk/ adj difficult to understand; mysterious 难以理解的; 神秘的: an enigmatic character, smile, statement 莫名其妙的性格、 微笑、 说法. 
enigmatically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
enjoin
/ In5dVRIn; In`dVRIn/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Dn.t] ~ sth (on sb) (fml or law 文或律) impose (an action or prohibition) on sb; order 将（一行动或禁令）强施於某人; 命令: He enjoined obedience on his followers. 他强迫随从服从. * The leader enjoined that the rules should be obeyed. 那位领导人命令必须遵守这些规则.
enjoy
/ In5dVRI; In`dVRI/ v  1 [Tn, Tg] get pleasure from 从...获得乐趣: I enjoyed that meal. 我很喜欢那顿饭. * She enjoys playing tennis. 她喜好打网球.  2 [Tn] have (sth) as an advantage or a benefit 享有（某事物）: enjoy good health, a high standard of living, great prosperity, etc 享有健康、 高生活水平、 巨大成功等之福 * Men and women should enjoy equal rights. 男女应当享有平等权利.  3 (idm 习语) en`joy oneself experience pleasure; be happy 感到快乐; 过得愉快: He enjoyed himself at the party. 他在聚会上非常愉快. * The children enjoyed themselves playing in the water. 孩子们在水中玩得很高兴. * I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我希望你今晚过得愉快.
enjoyable
/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj giving joy; pleasant 使人愉快的; 令人快乐的: an enjoyable weekend 愉快的周末 * The film was quite enjoyable. 这部电影很有趣. 
enjoyably
/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.
enjoyment
/ In5dVRImEnt; In`dVRImEnt/ n  1 [U] pleasure; satisfaction 愉快; 欢乐; 乐趣; 满意: He spoiled my enjoyment of the film by talking all the time. 他一直说话, 影响了我看电影的兴致. * live only for enjoyment 只为享乐活著.  2 [C] (fml 文) thing that gives pleasure or joy 令人愉快的事物; 乐事: Gardening is one of her chief enjoyments. 园艺工作是她的主要乐趣之一.  3 [U] (fml 文) possession and use 享有; 使用: the enjoyment of equal rights 享有平等权利.
enkindle
/ In5kIndl; Zn`kIndl/ v [Tn] (dated or fml 旧或文) (a) cause (flames, passion, etc) to flare up 使（火焰、 激情等）燃起. (b) inflame (sb) with passion, etc; arouse 使（某人）激动等; 引起; 唤起; 激起.
enlarge
/ In5lB:dV; In`lBrdV/ v  1 (a) [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become larger （使某物）变大; 扩大; 增大: I want to enlarge the lawn. 我想把草坪扩大. (b) [Tn] reproduce (esp a photograph) on a larger scale 放大（尤指照片）: The police had the photograph of the missing girl enlarged. 警方把失踪姑娘的照片放大了.  2 [Ipr] ~ on sth say or write more about sth; add detail to sth 详述或详写某事; 增加某事的细节: Can you enlarge on what has already been said? 你能把所说的事再详尽地说说吗?
enlargement 
n  1 [U] action of enlarging or being enlarged 扩大; 放大: He's working on the enlargement of the business. 他正在努力扩展业务.  2 [C] thing that has been enlarged, esp a photograph 已扩大或放大之物（尤指照片）: enlargements of the wedding photographs 婚礼照片的放大照片. Cf 参看 reduction.
enlarger 
n apparatus for making photographic enlargements （照片）放大机.
enlighten
/ In5laItn; In`laItn/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (as to sth) give more knowledge or information to sb; free sb from false beliefs or ignorance 启发、 启迪、 教导或开导某人: Can you enlighten me as to (ie help me to understand better) the new procedure? 你能给我讲讲这新程序吗?
enlightened 
adj [esp attrib 尤作定语] free from prejudice, ignorance, superstition, etc 摆脱偏见、 无知、 迷信等的; 开明的; 有知识的: in these enlightened days 在这开明的时代 * enlightened opinions, attitudes, ideas, etc 有见识的意见、 开明的态度、 进步的想法 * an enlightened approach to teaching 启发式教学法.
enlightenment 
n [U] (fml 文)  1 act of enlightening or state of being enlightened 启发; 开导; 开明; 文明: The teacher's attempts at enlightenment failed; I remained as confused as before. 老师虽尽力开导却劳而无功, 我仍像以前一样糊涂. * In an age of enlightenment such cruelty is unforgivable. 在文明时代, 这麽残忍是不能宽恕的.  2 the Enlightenment period in the 18th century in Europe when some thinkers and writers believed that reason and science, not religion, would advance human progress （18世纪欧洲的）启蒙运动.
enlist
/ In5lIst; In`lIst/ v [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] ~ (sb) (in/for sth); ~ (sb) (as sth)  1 enter or cause (sb) to enter the armed forces 参军; 从军; 使（某人）入伍: Have you enlisted yet? 你参军了吗? * He enlisted as a soldier in the army as soon as he was old enough. 他年龄一到就入伍当兵了. * They enlisted four hundred recruits for the navy. 他们为海军徵募了四百名新兵.  2 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in/for sth) obtain (help, support, etc) 得到（帮助、 支持等）: I've enlisted the co-operation of most of my neighbours in my campaign. 我在这一活动中得到邻里多数人的支持. * Can I enlist your help in raising the money? 你能在我的筹款中赞助一些钱吗? (b) [Tn, Cn.t] get the support or help of (sb) 获得（某人）的支持或帮助: We've enlisted a few volunteers to help clean the hall. 我们已经找到几个人自愿协助打扫大厅. * Sarah has been enlisted to organize the party. 萨拉已应邀组织这一聚会.
enlistment 
n  1 [U] enlisting or being enlisted 应徵入伍; 徵募; 获得; 取得.  2 [C] instance of this 应徵入伍; 徵募; 获得; 取得.
enlisted man 
(esp US) soldier, sailor or airman below a non-commissioned officer in rank 士兵.
enliven
/ In5laIvn; In`laIvEn/ v [Tn] make (sb/sth) more lively or cheerful 使（某人[某事物]）更活跃或更愉快: How can we enliven this party? 我们怎样使这聚会热闹些呢?
enmesh
/ In5meF; In`mZF/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) (usu fig 通常作比喻) entangle (as) in a net 使（似）陷入网中: He was enmeshed in a web of deceit and lies. 他陷入坑　拐骗的圈套.
enmity
/ 5enmEtI; `ZnmEtI/ n [U, C] condition or feeling of being an enemy; hostility 敌意; 仇恨; 不和; 作对: I don't understand his enmity towards his parents. 我不理解他为什麽怨恨自己的父母. * Personal enmities must be forgotten at a time of national crisis. 民族危机当头, 必须捐弃个人恩怨.
ennoble
/ I5nEUbl; I`nobl/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 make (sb) a member of the nobility 使（某人）成为贵族.  2 (fig 比喻) make (sb) dignified or more honourable 使（某人）高贵或崇高: In a strange way she seemed ennobled by the grief she had experienced. 她因历经艰辛而似乎出奇地备受敬重. 
ennoblement 
n [U].
ennui
/ C5nwi:; `Bnwi/ n [U] weariness of mind caused by lack of anything interesting or exciting to do; feeling of boredom 倦怠; 无聊: Since losing his job, he has often experienced a profound sense of ennui. 他自从失业以来, 常觉百无聊赖.
enormity
/ I5nR:mEtI; I`nRrmEtI/ n  1 [U] great wickedness 极恶; 凶恶: The enormity of the crime has shocked even experienced policemen. 这件罪行极端凶残, 连经历丰富的警察都感震惊.  2 [C, usu pl 通常作复数] (fml 文) serious crime 严重罪行: Such enormities would not be tolerated today. 这种严重罪行今日是不能容忍的.  3 [U] (infml 口) immense size; enormousness 巨大; 极大: the enormity of the task of feeding all the famine victims 为全部饥民提供粮食的巨大任务.
enormous
/ I5nR:mEs; I`nRrmEs/ adj very large; immense 巨大的; 极大的: an enormous amount of money 巨款 * an enormous house 巨大的房子.
enormously 
adv to a very great extent 在极大程度上: enormously rich 极富有 * My tastes have changed enormously over the years. 几年来我的爱好有了很大改变. * I'm enormously grateful for your help. 我非常感谢你的帮助.
enormousness 
n [U].
enough
/ I5nQf; I`nQf/ indef det (used in front of a plural n or a [U] n 用於复数名词或不可数名词前) ~ sth (for sb/sth); ~ sth (for sb) to do sth as many or as much of sth as necessary; sufficient 足够的; 充足的: Have you made enough copies? 你复制的份数够吗? * Have we got enough sandwiches for lunch? 我们午饭的三明治够吃吗? * Surely 15 minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 你喝杯咖啡15分钟当然足够了. * I've got enough money to pay for a taxi. 我的钱够付计程车费的. * There isn't enough space for my address. 我写地址的地方不够. * (dated 旧) There's food enough on the table. 桌上的食物足够吃. * We have time enough to get to the airport. 我们来得及赶到机场.
enough 
indef pron  1 as many or as much as necessary 充分; 足够: Six bottles of wine will be enough. 六瓶葡萄酒就够了. * Is 100 enough for all your expenses? 100英镑够你的全部开销吗? * I hope enough of you are prepared to help with the show. 我希望你们中能有足够的人手准备协助这场演出. * They were able to save enough of their furniture to fill a room. 他们能省出的家具足够装满一间屋子.  2 (idm 习语) e,nough is e`nough (saying 谚) it is unnecessary and possibly harmful to say or do more 适可而止. have had e`nough (of sth/sb) be unable or unwilling to tolerate sth/sb any more 不能或不愿再容忍某事物[某人]: After three years without promotion he decided he'd had enough and resigned. 他三年未获提升, 认为已受够了, 便辞了职. * I've had enough of her continual chatter. 我已厌烦了她喋喋不休的闲谈. * I'm surprised you haven't had enough of him yet  I found him very boring. 你对他还没有受够, 我很惊讶--我觉得他很烦人.
enough
/ I5nQf; I`nQf/ adv (used after vs, adjs and advs 用於动词、 形容词和副词之後)  1 ~ (for sb/sth); ~ (to do sth/for doing sth) to a satisfactory degree; sufficiently 达到满意的程度; 足够地; 充足地: You don't practise enough at the piano. 你钢琴弹奏练习得不够. * Is the river deep enough for swimming/to swim in? 在这条河里游泳水够深吗? * At 14 you aren't old enough to buy alcohol. 你才14岁, 不到买酒的年龄. * She isn't good enough for (ie to pass) the exam. 她功课不够好, 考不及格. * I wish you'd write clearly enough for us to read it. 但愿你能写得清楚点, 我们好能看明白.  2 (used to suggest that sth only deserves slight praise 用於表示某事物只值得略加赞扬) to a significant extent; fairly 达到一定的程度; 相当: She plays well enough for a beginner. 对於初学者说来, 她弹奏得已相当不错了.  3 (idm 习语) curiously, oddly, strangely, etc enough it is very curious, etc that... 稀奇的是...: Strangely enough, I said the same thing to my wife only yesterday. 说也奇怪, 我就在昨天也同妻子谈到这件事. fair enough => fair2. sure enough => sure.
enquire, enquiry
= inquire, inquiry.
enrage
/ In5reIdV; In`redV/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] make (sb) very angry 使（某人）非常愤怒; 激怒; 触怒: enraged at/by sb's stupidity 因某人的愚蠢而愤怒 * His arrogance enraged her. 他很傲慢, 她为此十分恼怒.
enrapture
/ In5rAptFE(r); In`rAptFL/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) fill (sb) with great delight or joy 使（某人）非常喜悦或快乐: We were enraptured by the view of the mountains. 我们看到山峦景色, 心花怒放.
enrich
/ In5rItF; In`rItF/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth)  1 make sb/sth rich or richer 使某人[某事物]富裕或更富裕: a nation enriched by the profits from tourism 因旅游业的赢利而富裕起来的国家.  2 improve the quality, flavour, etc of sth 改善某事物的质量、 味道等: soil enriched with fertilizer 因施肥而肥沃的土壤* Reading enriches the mind. 读书可以充实头脑.
enrichment 
n [U].
enrol (also esp US enroll)
/ In5rEUl; In`rol/ v (-ll-) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] ~ (sb) (in/as sth) become or make (sb) a member (of sth) 成为或使（某人）成为（某组织的）成员; 登记; 注册: enrol in evening classes 注册上晚间课程班 * enrol new students 招收新生 * We enrolled him as a member of the society. 我们吸收他为会员.
enrolment (also esp US enrollment) 
n (a) [U] enrolling or being enrolled 登记; 注册; 入伍; 入会; 入学: the enrolment of five new members 五名新成员的注册. (b) [C] number of people enrolled 注册; 入会; 入学等的人数: This school has an enrolment of 800 pupils. 这所学校有800名学生注册.
Ens
abbr 缩写 = Ensign: Ens (Peter) Dwyer 海军少尉（彼得）德怀尔.
ensconce
/ In5skCns; In`skBns/ v [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态] ~ oneself/sb in sth (fml or joc 文或谑) establish or settle oneself in a safe, secret, comfortable, etc place 使自己定居或安顿在安全、 秘密、 舒适等的地方: happily ensconced by the fire with a good book 舒适地坐在火炉旁, 读著一本好书 * We have ensconced ourselves in the most beautiful villa in the South of France. 我们在法国南部最美丽的别墅里安顿下来.
ensemble
/ Cn5sCmbl; Bn`sBmbl/ n  1 thing viewed as a whole; general effect 整体; 总效果: The arrangement of the furniture formed a pleasing ensemble. 这些家具摆放得悦目而和谐.  2 complete matching set of (esp women's) clothes designed to be worn together 全套服装（尤指女装）: A pair of white shoes completed the striking ensemble. 一双白鞋配这套醒目的服装已完美无缺了.  3 (a) passage of music in which all the performers play or sing together 合奏; 合唱. (b) group of musicians (smaller than an orchestra) who play together regularly 合奏组（比管弦乐队小）: a woodwind ensemble 木管乐器合奏组.
enshrine
/ In5FraIn; In`FraIn/ v (fml 文) (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in sth) place or keep sth (in, or as if in, a shrine or holy place) 放置或保存某物（於神龛或圣地）: relics enshrined in a casket 在小箱中保存的遗物 * memories enshrined in the heart 珍藏於心中的记忆. (b) [Tn] serve as a shrine for (sth) 作为神龛以保存（某物）: The constitution enshrines the basic rights of all citizens. 宪法中神圣地记载著全体公民的基本权利.
enshroud
/ In5FraUd; In`FraJd/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] (fml 文) cover completely; hide from view 掩盖; 遮蔽; 隐蔽: hills enshrouded in mist 薄雾笼罩的群山 * His background is enshrouded in mystery. 他的来历背後有一层神秘的色彩.
ensign
/ 5ensEn; `Znsn/ n  1 (a) (esp naval) flag or banner （尤指海军的）旗, 旗帜. (b) (Brit) special form of the national flag flown by ships （船上挂的特种的）国旗: the red/white/blue ensign 英国商船旗[英国皇家海军旗/英国海军预备舰队旗].  2 (US) officer of the lowestrank in the navy 海军少尉. =>App 9 见附录9.  3 / 5ensaIn;`ZnsaIn/ (Brit) (formerly) infantry officer who carried the regimental flag （旧时）（陆军团的）掌旗官.
enslave
/ In5sleIv; In`slev/ v [Tn] (often fig 常作比喻) make a slave of (sb) 使某人成为奴隶: Her beauty enslaved many young men. 她的美貌倾倒了很多青年男子. 
enslavement 
n [U].
ensnare
/ In5sneE(r); In`snZr/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) (often fig 常作比喻) catch sb/sth in, or as if in, a trap or snare 用陷阱或圈套捕捉某人[某物]: ensnared by love 陷入情网 * ensnare a rich husband 千方百计嫁予富翁.
ensue
/ In5sju:; ?@ -5su:; In`su/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth) happen afterwards or as a result; follow 继而发生;因而产生; 接著: Bitter arguments ensued from this misunderstanding. 这一误会引发了激烈的争论. * in the ensuing (ie following) debate 在随後的辩论中.
ensure (US insure)
/ In5FR:(r); ?@ In5FUEr; In`FJr/ v  1 [Tn, Tf] make sure; guarantee 确保; 保证; 担保: The book ensured his success. 那本书确定了他的成就. * Please ensure that all the lights are switched off at night. 夜间请务必将所有的灯关掉.  2 [Dn.n] make (sb) certain to get (sth); assure 使（某人）一定得到（某事物）; 保证得到: These pills should ensure you a good night's sleep. 服下这些药丸可保你睡一宿好觉.
-ant, -ent
suff 後缀  1 (with vs forming adjs 与动词结合构成形容词) that is or does (sth) 处於...状态的; 进行...动作的: significant * different.  2 (with vs forming ns 与动词结合构成名词) person or thing that  ...的人或事物: inhabitant * deterrent.
ENT
/ 9i: en 5ti:; 9i Zn `ti/ abbr 缩写 = (medical 医) ear, nose and throat 耳鼻喉: an ENT specialist 耳鼻喉专家.
-ent
=> -ant.
entail
/ In5teIl; In`tel/ v  1 [Tn] make (sth) necessary; involve 使（某事物）必要; 牵涉: This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力. * That will entail an early start tomorrow morning. 那就需要明晨很早动身.  2 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sb) (law 律) leave (land) to a line of heirs in such a way that none of them can give it away or sell it 限定（地产）继承人: The house and estate are entailed on the eldest daughter. 这所房子和地产限定由长女继承. * He would have sold the property long ago had it not been entailed. 这些财产若非限定继承的话, 他早就卖掉了.
entail 
n (law 律) (a) [U] practice of entailing (entail 2) land （地产的）限定继承. (b) [C] entailed property 限定继承的财产.
entangle
/ In5tANgl; In`tAN^l/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth/oneself (in/among/with sth)  1 cause sb/sth/oneself to become twisted, tangled or caught (in sth) 使某人[某物/自己]缠绕, 纠缠於（某物中）: The bird got entangled in the wire netting. 鸟被金属网缠住. * a fishing line entangled among the weeds 与杂草缠在一起的钓鱼线 * Her long hair entangled itself in the rose bush. 她的长发让玫瑰丛给钩住了.  2 (fig 比喻) involve sb/oneself (in difficulties or complicated circumstances) 使某人[自己]陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）: become entangled in money problems 陷入金钱问题之中.
entanglement 
n  1 [U] entangling or being entangled 缠住; 纠缠.  2 [C] (often pl 常作复数) situation that entangles 引起纠缠的情况; 纠纷: entanglements with the police 与警方的纠缠 * emotional entanglements 感情纠葛.  3 entanglements [pl] (military 军) barrier of stakes and barbed wire to impede an enemy's advance （阻止敌人前进的）铁丝网.
entente
/ Cn5tCnt; Bn`tBnt/ n (a) [C, U] friendly understanding, esp between countries 相互谅解（尤指两国间）. (b) [CGp] group of two or more countries having such an understanding between them 相互谅解的国家.
entente cordiale
/ 9kR:dI5B:l; kRr`djBl/ entente between two governments, esp between those of Britain and France 两政府间的相互谅解（尤指英国与法国间）.
enter
/ 5entE(r); `ZntL/ v  1 (a) [I, Tn] come or go in or into (sth) 进来; 进去; 进入（某物）中: Don't enter without knocking. 进屋前先敲门. * enter a room 进屋 * The train entered the tunnel. 火车进了隧道. * Where did the bullet enter the body? 子弹是从身体的什麽地方射入的? (b) [I] come or go onto a stage 登台; 上场: Enter Hamlet/Hamlet enters, eg stage directions in a printed play 哈姆雷特上场（如剧本的舞台说明）.  2 [Tn no passive 不用於被动语态] become a member of (sth); gain admission to (sth) 成为（某组织）的成员; 得到进入（某组织）的允许: enter a school, college, university, etc 考上学校、 学院、 大学等 * enter the Army/Navy/Air Force 参加陆军[海军/空军] * enter a profession 从事一职业 * enter the Church, ie become a priest 成为牧师.  3 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) (in sth) record (names, details, etc) in a book, computer, etc: register sth （在册子等上）记录名字、 细节等; 登记某事物: I haven't entered your name and occupation yet. 我尚未记下你的名字和职业. * All expenditure must be entered (up) in the account book. 一切开支必须入帐.  4 (Tn) declare that one will take part in (a competition, etc) 报名参加（比赛等）: enter a race, an examination 报名参加赛跑、 考试.  5 [Tn] (fml 文) present (sth) for consideration 提出（某事物）供考虑: enter a plea of not guilty 提出无罪抗辩 * enter a protest 提出抗议.  6 (idm 习语) enter the lists (against sb) challenge sb or accept a challenge from sb to a contest 要求与某人比赛; 答应与某人比赛.  7 (phr v) enter into sth (a) begin to deal with sth 开始处理某事物: Let's not enter into details at this stage. 咱们不要在现阶段著手处理具体问题. (b) be able to understand and appreciate sth 能懂得并欣赏某事物; 领略; 体会: enter into the spirit of an occasion, ie begin to enjoy and feel part of it 领略个中乐趣. (c) (not passive 不用於被动语态) form part of sth 形成某事物的一部分: This possibility never entered into our calculations. 我们从未考虑过有这种可能性. enter into sth (with sb) begin sth; open sth 开始某事: enter into negotiations with a business firm 开始与一公司协商 * (fml 文) I dared not enter into conversation with him. 我未敢与他交谈. enter on/upon sth (fml 文) (a) make a start on sth; begin sth 著手做某事物; 开始某事: enter upon a new career 开始一新事业 * The President has just entered upon another term of office. 总统刚刚开始另一任期. (b) (law 律) take possession of sth; begin to enjoy sth 获得某物; 开始享有某物: He entered on his inheritance when he was 21. 他21岁时继承了财产. enter (sb) for sth give the name of (oneself or sb else) for a competition, race, etc 报名参加竞赛等: I've entered for the high jump. 我已报名参加跳高比赛. * The teacher entered him for the examination. 老师替他报名参加考试. * enter a horse for a race 给马报名参加赛跑.
enteric
/ en5terIk; Zn`tZrIk/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of the intestines 肠的: enteric fever, ie typhoid 肠热病（伤寒）.
enteritis
/ 9entE5raItIs; 9ZntE`raItIs/ n [U] inflammation of the intestines 肠炎: suffering from enteritis 患肠炎.
enterprise
/ 5entEpraIz; `ZntL9praIz/ n  1 [C] project or undertaking, esp one that is difficult or needs courage 事业, 计画（尤指困难的或需要勇气的）: his latest business enterprise 他最新的企业规划 * The music festival is a new enterprise which we hope will become an annual event. 音乐会演是一项新生事物, 我们希望它能成为一年一度的盛会. Cf 参看 venture 1.  2 [U] courage and willingness to be involved in such projects 事业心; 进取心; 勇气; 胆量: a woman of great enterprise 事业心极强的女子 * He got the job because he showed the spirit of enterprise. 他因为表现出进取精神, 所以得到了这份工作.  3 (a) [U] participation in projects; business activity 参与计画; 企业活动; 经营: Conservativegovernments in Britain favour private enterprise rather than nationalization. 英国的保守党政府赞成私人经营而反对国有化. (b) [C] business company or firm 事业单位; 企业单位; 公司; 商号; 商行: one of the most successful enterprises of its kind 同类企业中业绩极突出者. 
enterprising 
adj having or showing enterprise(2)有事业心的; 表现出进取心的; 有胆量的: an enterprising young man 有进取心的年轻男子 * She may not have been the cleverest candidate but she was certainly the most enterprising. 她就算不是最聪明的候选人, 也肯定是最有事业心的. 
enterprisingly 
adv.
entertain
/ 9entE5teIn; 9ZntL`ten/ v  1 [I, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (to sth) receive sb as a guest; provide food and drink for sb, esp in one's home 宴客; 招待, 款待某人（尤指在自己家中）: I don't entertain very often. 我不常在家请客. * They do a lot of entertaining, ie often give dinner parties, etc. 他们时常设宴待客. * Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night. 昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们.  2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) amuse sb 使某人快乐: Could you entertain the children for an hour, while I make supper? 我做晚饭时, 你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗? * He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事、 说笑话, 让我们高兴了好几小时.  3 [Tn] (fml 文) (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) (a) be ready and willing to consider (sth) 愿意考虑（某事物）: He refused to entertain our proposal. 他拒不考虑我们的提议. (b) hold (sth) in the mind or feelings 心里或感情上怀有（某事物）: entertain ideas, doubts, etc 有想法、 怀疑等.
entertainer 
n person who entertains (entertain 2), esp professionally （娱乐节目的）表演者; （尤指）艺人: He's a popular television entertainer. 他是大众喜爱的电视演员.
entertaining 
adj amusing and pleasing 使人愉快的; 有趣的: a very entertaining film 一部很有趣的电影 * amost entertaining guest 很有风趣的客人. 
entertainingly
adv.
entertainment 
n  1 [U] entertaining or being entertained 宴客; 招待; 款待; 娱乐: the entertainment of a group of foreign visitors 宴请一批外宾 * He fell in the water, much to the entertainment of the children. 他掉进水里, 逗得孩子们乐不可支. * a place of entertainment娱乐场所.  2 [C] thing that entertains; public performance(at a theatre, cinema, circus, etc) 娱乐; （在剧场、 电影院、 马戏团等的）演出: The local entertainments are listed in the newspaper. 报纸上登有本地的娱乐活动.
enthral (also esp US enthrall)
/ In5WrR:l; In`WrRl/ v (-ll-) [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] capture the whole attention of (sb) as if by magic; please greatly; captivate （似以魔力）迷住（某人）; 使极愉快; 迷住: enthralled by her beauty 被她的美色迷住. 
enthralling 
adj: an enthralling performance 动人的演出. 
enthralment (also esp US enthrallment) 
n [U].
enthrone
/ In5WrEUn; In`Wron/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文) place (a king, queen or bishop) on a throne, esp with ceremony; exalt 使（国王、 女王或主教）登基, 就任（尤指举行仪式）; 提升; 提拔: The queen was enthroned in an ancient abbey. 女王在一所古老的大教堂里举行登基仪式. 
enthronement 
n [U, C].
enthuse
/ In5Wju:z; ?@ -Wu:z; In`Wuz/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (about/over sth/sb) show great admiration or interest for 对...极为喜爱或极热心: He hasn't stopped enthusing about his holiday since he returned. 他度假归来, 对假日情趣仍津津乐道. * They all enthused over the new baby. 他们都极喜爱这个新生儿.
enthusiasm
/ In5Wju:zIAzEm; ?@ -5Wu:-; In`WuzI9AzEm/ n ~ (for/about sth)  1 [U] strong feeling of admiration or interest; great eagerness 热爱; 热心; 热情: The proposal aroused little enthusiasm in the group. 该建议在这些人中未引起多大兴趣. * feel no enthusiasm for/about an idea 对某主意不感兴趣 * an outburst of enthusiasm 热情奔放 * His enthusiasm made everyone else interested. 他的热心激发了大家的兴致.  2 [C] object of this feeling 热中的事物: One of my great enthusiasms is music. 我的一大爱好就是音乐. * Gardening is his latest enthusiasm. 他近来爱好上园艺了.
enthusiast
/ -5Wju:zIAst; ?@ -5Wu:-; -`WuzI9Ast/ n ~ (for/about sth) person filled with enthusiasm 热情的人; 热心者; 热中者: a sports enthusiast 爱好运动的人 * an enthusiast for/about all kinds of pop music 酷爱各种流行音乐的人.
enthusiastic
/ In9Wju:zI5AstIk; ?@ -Wu:-; In9WuzI`AstIk/ adj ~ (about/over sth/sb) full of enthusiasm 热情的; 热心的: He doesn't know much about the subject, but he's very enthusiastic. 他对这事所知不多, 但却极感兴趣. * She's very enthusiastic about singing. 她非常喜欢唱歌. 
enthusiastically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv: She greeted him enthusiastically with a kiss. 她热情地跟他打招呼并吻了他一下.
entice
/ In5taIs; In`taIs/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Cn.t] ~ sb (away) (from sth); ~ sb (into sth/doing sth) try to tempt or persuade sb, usu by offering sth pleasant or a reward 诱惑; 诱使; 怂恿: Advertisements are designed to entice people into spending money/to spend money. 广告宣传的目的是诱使人花钱. * He enticed the young girl away from home. 他把那小女孩诱惑得离开了家.
enticement 
n  1 [U] enticing or being enticed 诱惑; 怂恿: the enticement of a child into a car 把一小孩哄进汽车里.  2 [C] thing that entices 诱惑物: There were so many enticements offered that I could not refuse the job. 这项工作有那麽多优惠待遇, 使我难以拒绝.
enticing 
adj attractive or tempting 有吸引力的; 迷人的; 诱人的: quite an enticing offer 很诱人的条件 * An enticing smell came from the bakery. 从面包房里飘出了诱人的香味. 
enticingly 
adv.
entire
/ In5taIE(r); In`taIr/ adj [attrib 作定语] with no part left out; whole; complete 全部的; 整个的; 完全的: The entire village was destroyed. 整个村子被毁. * I've wasted an entire day on this. 我为此事浪费了一整天的时间. * We are in entire agreement with you. 我们完全同意你的意见.
entirely 
adv completely 完全地: entirely unnecessary 完全不必要 * Although they are twins, they look entirely different. 他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同. * I'm not entirely happy with that idea. 我对那个主意并不十分满意.
entirety
/ In5taIErEtI; In`taIrtI/ n [U] state of being entire; completeness 整体; 全面: We must examine the problem in its entirety, ie as a whole, not in parts only. 我们要全面地研究这个问题.
entitle
/ In5taItl; In`taItl/ v  1 [Cn.n usu passive 通常用於被动语态] give a title to (a book, play, etc) 给（书、 剧本等）取名; 定名: He entitled the book `Savage Love'. 他给这本书取名为《野性的爱》. * She read a poem entitled `The Apple Tree'. 她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗.  2 [Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Tnt] ~ sb to sth give sb a right to have or do sth 给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利; 使某人有资格获得某事物或做某事: You are not entitled to unemployment benefit if you have never worked. 从未参加过工作, 就没有资格领取失业救济金. * After a hard day's work she felt entitled to a rest. 她劳累了一天, 觉得理应休息一下了. * This ticket doesn't entitle you to travel first class. 你这张票不能坐头等位.
entitlement 
n  1 [U] entitling (entitle 2) or being entitled 授权; 有资格: We have no record of your entitlement to free travel. 我们没有让你免费旅行的凭据.  2 [C] thing to which one is entitled 有权得到的东西: Have you all taken your full holiday entitlements? 你们大家是不是把应有的假期都用了呢?
entity
/ 5entEtI; `ZntEtI/ n  1 [C] thing with distinct and real existence 实体: a separate political entity 独立的政治实体.  2 [U] (fml 文) thing's existence (contrasted with its qualities, relations with other things, etc) 事物的存在（区别於其属性、 与其他事物的关系等）.
entomb
/ In5tu:m; In`tum/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] (fml 文) (a) place (a person or an animal) in, or as if in, a tomb 将（人或动物）（似）置於墓中; 埋葬: Many people were entombed in the rubble of the bombed buildings. 很多人被埋在炸毁的建筑物的瓦砾里. (b) serve as a tomb for (a person or an animal) 用作（人或动物）的坟墓.
entomology
/ 9entE5mClEdVI; 9ZntE`mBlEdVI/ n [U]scientific study of insects 昆虫学: His hobby is entomology.他爱好昆虫学.
entomological
/ 9entEmE5lCdVIkl; 9ZntEmE`lBdVIkl/ adj.
entomologist
/ -dVIst; -dVIst/ n student of or expert in entomology 昆虫学研究者; 昆虫学家.
entourage
/ 9CntU5rB:V; 9BntJ`rBV/ n [CGp] all those who accompany and attend an important person 随从; 随行人员: the President and his entourage 总统及其随从 * (fig 比喻) She always has an entourage of admiring young men. 她周围总是簇拥著追求她的年轻人.
entrails
/ 5entreIlz; `ZntrElz/ n [pl] internal organs of a person or animal, esp the intestines 内脏; （尤指）肠: The dish was made from the entrails of a sheep. 这盘菜是羊杂碎.
entrance
/ 5entrEns; `ZntrEns/ n  1 [C] ~ (to sth) opening, gate, door, passage, etc by which one enters sth 入口; 门; 通道等: Where's the entrance to the cave? 这个洞穴的入口在哪里? * There is a front and a back entrance to the house. 这所房子有一个前门和一个後门. * I'll meet you at the entrance to the theatre. 我在剧院门口和你见面.  2 [U, C] ~ (into/onto sth) coming or going in; entering 进来; 进去; 进入: the Prime Minister's entrance into office 首相就职 * The hero makes his entrance (on stage) in Act 2. 男主角在第二幕出场. * An actor must learn his entrances and exits, ie when to enter and leave the stage. 演员一定要懂得何时出场和退场.  3 [U] ~ (to sth) right of entering; admission 进入的权利; 准予进入: They were refused entrance to the club. 他们被拒於俱乐部门外. * [attrib 作定语] a university entrance examination 大学入学考试 * an entrance fee, ie money paid so that one may enter an exhibition, etc or join a club, society, etc 入场费; 入会费.
entrance
/ In5trB:ns; ?@ -5trns; In`trAns/ v [usu passive 通常用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (by/with sth) fill sb with great emotion and delight as if by magic 使某人（著魔般）狂喜, 著迷: entranced at the beautiful sight 被美丽的景色迷住了 * They were completely entranced by/with the music. 他们完全陶醉在音乐中. * We sat entranced by her beauty. 我们坐在那里看著她的美貌出神.
entrant
/ 5entrEnt; `ZntrEnt/ n  1 ~ (for sth) person or animal that enters, esp for a race, a competition or an examination 参加者（尤指比赛、 竞赛或考试）: There are fifty entrants for the dog show. 有五十条狗参加狗展. * university entrants 大学入学试的考生.  2 ~ (to sth) person who enters a profession 加入某行业的人: an entrant to the diplomatic service 初入外交界做事的人 * women entrants to the police force 新加入警察部队的妇女.
entrap
/ In5trp; In`trAp/ v (-pp-) [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] (fml 文)  1 ~ sb/sth (by/in sth) catch sb/sth (as) in a trap 使某人[某物]陷入圈套; 诱捕.  2 ~ sb (into doing sth) trick or deceive sb 耍弄或欺骗某人: He felt he had been entrapped into marrying her. 他觉得和她结婚是上了当.
entreat
/ In5tri:t; In`trit/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ (sth of) sb (fml 文) ask sb (for sth) earnestly and feelingly; beg （为某事）恳求某人; 请求; 乞求: Please don't go, I entreat you. 我求求您, 请不要走. * May I entreat a favour of you? 您能帮帮忙吗? * I entreat you to show mercy. 我求您发发慈悲. =>Usage at ask 用法见ask. 
entreatingly 
adv.
entreaty
/ In5tri:tI; In`tritI/ n [C, U] earnest request or requesting 恳求; 请求; 要求: deaf to all entreaties 对一切请求置若罔闻 * with a look of entreaty 恳求的神态.
entree
/ 5CntreI; `Bntre/ n (fml 文)  1 [U, C] ~ (into sth) right or privilege of admission or entry 获准进入的权利或特权: Her wealth and reputation gave her (an) entree into upper-class circles. 她的财富和声望使她得以进入上层社会.  2 [C] dish served between the fish and meat courses at a formal dinner 在正式宴席上, 在鱼和肉两道主菜之间所上的菜: What did you have as an entree? 在鱼和肉两道主菜之间, 你吃的是什麽菜? * [attrib 作定语] an entree dish 在鱼和肉两道主菜之间的一道菜.
entrench (also intrench)
/ In5trentF; In`trZntF/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态]  1 surround or protect (sb/sth) with a trench or trenches 用壕沟围绕或保护（某人[某物]）: The enemy were strongly entrenched on the other side of the river. 敌军在河的对岸用坚固的壕沟防守.  2 (fig sometimes derog 比喻, 有时作贬义) establish (sth/sb) very firmly 牢固地确立（某人[某事物]）: entrenched ideas, ie ones that are firmly fixed in the mind 根深蒂固的想法 * entrenched rights, ie those that are guaranteed by legislation 固有的权利 * She is entrenched in her right-wing views. 她的右翼观点根深蒂固.
entrenchment 
n  1 [C] system of trenches made for defence 堑壕.  2 [U] action of entrenching or being entrenched 掘壕沟; 用壕沟防护.
entrepot
/ 5CntrEpEU; `BntrE9po/ n (a) warehouse where goods being sent from one place to another may be stored temporarily 货仓. (b) trading centre or port for the import, export, collection and distribution of goods （进出口）货物集散地, 贸易中心, 转口港.
entrepreneur
/ 9CntrEprE5n\:(r); 9BntrEprE`n[/ n  1 person who starts or organizes a commercial enterprise, esp one involving financial risk 企业家（尤指涉及财务风险的）: He would not have succeeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur. 假若他不是那麽精明强干的企业家, 就不会在这样冒险的事业中取得成功.  2 person who works under contract as an intermediary in the business affairs of others 承包人. 
entrepreneurial
/ -5n\:rIEl; -`n[IEl/ adj: entrepreneurial flair, skills, etc 具有创业的才能、 技巧等.
entrust
/ In5trQst; In`trQst/ v [Tn.pr] ~ A to B/ ~ B with A trust sb to take charge of sth/sb 委托某人负责某事物[照看某人]: entrust an assistant with a task/entrust the task to an assistant 把一项工作交给助手 * Can I entrust you with the secret plans? 我能把这些秘密计划委托给你吗? * He's entrusted his children to me/to my care for the day. 他托我照看一天孩子.
entry
/ 5entrI; `ZntrI/ n  1 [C] ~ (into sth) act of coming or going in 进入: The children were surprised by the sudden entry of their teacher. 老师突然进来把孩子们吓了一跳. * the entry of the USA into world politics 美国对世界政治的参与 * The thieves had forced an entry into the building. 窃贼闯进了楼内.  2 [U] ~ (to sth) right of entering 进入权: We can't go along that road because the sign says `No Entry'. 我们不能走那条路, 因为牌子上 写著｀禁止入内＇. * He finally gained entry to the hotel by giving some money to the doorman. 他给了门　一些钱, 终於得以进入旅馆. * [attrib 作定语] an entry visa, ie a stamp or signature on a passport allowing sb to enter a particular country 入境签证.  3 [C] (a) (place of) entrance, esp a passage or small entrance hall 入口（处）（尤指过道、 小门厅）: You can leave your umbrella in the entry. 雨伞可放於入口处. * the entry to a block of flats 公寓大楼的入口处. (b) narrow passage between buildings 建筑物之间的甬道.  4 (a) [C] ~ (in sth) item written in a list, a diary, an account book, etc （写进清单、 日记、 帐本等的）项目: There's no entry in his diary for that day. 他的日记上没有那一天的记录. * I'll have to check the entries in the ledger. 我得核对一下总帐的项目. * entries in a dictionary 词典的条目. (b) [U] recording of such an item （这种项目的）记载, 记录, 登记: The entry of all expenditure is necessary. 有必要把一切开支入帐.  5 ~ (for sth) (a) [C] person or thing that is entered for a competition 参加比赛的人或物: fifty entries for the 800 metres 有五十人参加800米赛跑 * a last-minute entry for the pony race 最後关头才参赛的马 * This painting is my entry for the art competition. 这幅画是我参加艺术比赛的作品. (b) [sing] list or total number of persons, etc entered for a competition （参加比赛的）名单、 总人数等: There's a large entry for the flower show this year. 今年的花展有大量花卉参展.
Entryphone
/ 5entrIfEUn; `ZntrIfon/ n (propr 专利名) type of telephone placed on the wall by the entrance to a building, esp a block of flats, to enable visitors to speak to individual occupants before being allowed to enter 对讲机（安装在公寓等建筑物入口处墙上的一种电话, 可使来访者与住户通话後获准入内）.
entwine
/ In5twaIn; In`twaIn/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with/round sth) (a) make sth by twisting one thing around another 编制（将一物缠绕在另一物上制成某物）: entwine a garland of flowers 编制花冠. (b) wind one thing with or round another 缠绕; 挽; 搂: They walked along with (their) arms entwined. 他们挽著胳膊走去.
enumerate
/ I5nju:mEreIt; ?@ I5nu:-; I`numE9ret/ v [Tn] name (things on a list) one by one; count 列出（清单上的事物）; 数: She enumerated the items we had to buy  sugar, tea, soap, etc. 她列出了我们要购买的东西--糖、 茶叶、 肥皂等. 
enumeration
/ I9nju:mE5reIFn; ?@ I9nu:-; I9numE`reFEn/ n [U, C].
enunciate
/ I5nQnsIeIt; I`nQnsI9et/ v  1 [I, Tn] say or pronounce (words or sounds) clearly （清晰地）念（字）, 发（音）: That actor enunciates very well. 那演员发音很清晰. * She enunciated each word slowly for her students. 她把每个字都给学生慢慢念清楚.  2 [Tn] express(a theory, etc) clearly or distinctly 阐明（理论等）: He is always willing to enunciate his opinions on the subject of politics. 他总是愿意对政治问题发表意见.
enunciation
/ I9nQnsI5eIFn; I9nQnsI`eFEn/ n [C, U].
envelop
/ In5velEp; In`vZlEp/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (in sth) wrap sth/sb up; cover or surround sth/sb completely (in sth) 包住某事物[某人]; 将某事物[某人]覆盖, 包围（於某事物中）: mountains enveloped in cloud 隐没在云中的群山 * a baby enveloped in a blanket 裹在毛毯中的婴儿 * The coat was far too big  it completely enveloped him. 大衣太大--把他整个儿包起来了. * (fig 比喻) envelop a subject in mystery 把某一问题弄得神秘莫测. 
envelopment 
n [U].
envelope
/ 5envElEUp, also5Cn-; `ZnvE9lop, `BnvE9lop/ n wrapper or covering, esp one made of paper for a letter 封套; 封皮; （尤指）信封: writing paper and envelopes 信纸和信封 * an airmail envelope 航空信封.
envenom
/ In5venEm; In`vZnEm/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (fml 文)  1 put poison on or in (eg a weapon) 置毒药於（如武器）上: an envenomed dagger 涂有毒药的匕首.  2 (fig 比喻) fill (sth/sb) with bitterhatred 使（某事物[某人]）充满怨恨: arguments envenomed with spite 怀有恶意的争辩.
enviable
/ 5envIEbl; `ZnvIEbl/ adj (of people or things) causing envy; desirable enough to cause envy （指人或物）引起忌妒的; 值得羡慕的: an enviable achievement 值得羡慕的成就 * an enviable examination result 值得羡慕的考试成绩 * an enviable woman, eg one whose life is happy and successful 令人羡慕的女人（如其生活幸福成功者）.
enviably
/ -blI; -blI/ adv: enviably rich 富得令人羡慕.
envious
/ 5envIEs; `ZnvIEs/ adj ~ (of sb/sth) full of envy; feeling, showing or expressing envy 满怀忌妒的; 表现出或表示忌妒或羡慕的: I'm so envious of you getting an extra day's holiday. 我真羡慕你得到一天额外的假期. * She cast envious glances at her sister's dress. 她以羡慕的目光看著姐姐的连衣裙. * He was envious of his brother's success. 他忌妒他哥哥的成功.
enviously 
adv.
environment
/ In5vaIErEnmEnt; In`vaIrEnmEnt/ n  1 [C, U] conditions, circumstances, etc affecting people's lives （影响人们生活的）情况、 环境等: An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour. 不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为. * A noisy smoke-filled room is not the best environment to work in. 房间里乌烟瘴气於工作十分不利.  2 the environment [sing] natural conditions, eg land, air and water, in which we live （我们生活的）自然环境（如土地、 空气、 水）: Many people are concerned about the pollution of the environment.许多人都关心环境污染问题. * measures to protect the environment, ie prevent spoiling it further 保护环境的措施（防止进一步污染） * the Department of the Environment, ie the British Government department responsible for land planning, transport, preservation of public amenities, pollution control, protection of the coast and countryside, etc 环境事务部（英国政府部门, 负责土地规划、 运输、 保护公共设施、 控制污染、 保护海岸和乡村等）.
environmental
/ In9vaIErEn5mentl; In9vaIrEn`mZntl/ adj  1 of or caused by a person's environment 个人环境的; 由个人环境产生的: disturbing environmental influences令人不安的环境影响.  2 of the environment 环境的: environmental science 环境科学. environmentalist/ In9vaIErEn5mentElIst; In9vaIrEn`mZntElIst/ n person who is concerned about and wants to improve or protect the environment 环境保护论者: [attrib 作定语] an environmentalist protest 环境保护论者的抗议.
environmentally
/ -tElI; -tlI/ adv: Building a new factory there would be environmentally disastrous. 在那里建新工厂将严重损害环境.
environs
/ In5vaIErEnz; In`vaIrEnz/ n [pl] (fml 文) districts surrounding a town, etc 郊区; 近郊等: Berlin and its environs 柏林及其郊区.
envisage
/ In5vIzIdV; In`vIzIdV/ v [Tn, Tf, Tw, Tg, Tsg] picture (an event, action, etc) in the mind as a future possibility; imagine 展望; 想像: Nobody can envisage the consequences of total nuclear war. 没有人能想像出全面核子战争的後果. * I can't envisage the plan('s) working. 我无法设想计划能否行得通.
envoy
/ 5envRI; `ZnvRI/ n  1 messenger or representative, esp one sent to deal with a foreign government 使者; 代表; （尤指）外交官: the Archbishop of Canterbury's envoy 坎特伯雷大主教的使者.  2 diplomatic agent next in rank below an ambassador 公使.
envy
/ 5envI; `ZnvI/ n [U]  1 ~ (of sb); ~ (at/of sth) feeling of discontent caused by sb else's good fortune or success, esp when one wishes this for oneself 忌妒; 羡慕: He couldn't conceal his envy of me/envy at my success. 他遮掩不住对我的忌妒[对我的成就的忌妒]. * His new car excited their envy. 他们很羡慕他的新汽车. * They only say such unkind things about you out of envy, ie because they are full of envy. 他们纯粹出於忌妒才说你这些坏话.  2 (idm 习语) the envy of sb thing that causes sb to feel envy 令人忌妒或羡慕的事物: Her many talents were the envy of all her friends. 她多才多艺, 所有的朋友都很羡慕她. * He's the envy of the whole street. 整条街的人都很羡慕他. Cf 参看 jealousy.
envy
/ 5envI; `ZnvI/ v (pt, pp envied) [Tn, Dn.n] feel envy of (sb) or at (sth) 忌妒或羡慕（某人[某事物]）: I envy you. 我羡慕你. * I have always envied your good luck. 我一直羡慕你运气好. * I don't envy him his money problems, ie I'm happy I don't have them. 我庆幸自己没有他那些金钱的麻烦.
enzyme
/ 5enzaIm; `ZnzaIm/ n (chemistry 化)  1 organic chemical substance that is formed in living cells and assists chemical changes (eg in digestion) without being changed itself 酶; 酵素.  2 similar substance produced artificially for use in detergents, etc 人造酶（用於清洁剂等）: Washing powders containing enzymes are said to remove stains more efficiently. 据说含有人造酶的洗衣粉去污力强.
eon
= aeon.
EP
/ 9i: 5pi:; 9i `pi/ abbr 缩写 = extended-play (record) 慢速唱片; 密纹唱片: a collection of EPs 一批慢速唱片. Cf 参看 single n 5, LP.
epaulette (also esp US epaulet)
/ 5epElet; `ZpE9lZt/ n shoulder ornament on a naval or military officer's uniform （海军或陆军军官制服上的）肩章.
epee
/ 5eIpeI; e`pe/ n thin sharp-pointed sword used (with the end blunted) in fencing (fence2) 重剑（钝化的击剑用剑）. Cf 参看 foil3, sabre 2.
ephemera
/ I5femErE; I`fZmErE/ n [pl] things that are used, enjoyed, etc for only a short time and then forgotten 只可短期使用、 享受等的事物.
ephemeral
/ I5femErEl; I`fZmErEl/ adj living, lasting, etc for a very short time （生存、 持续等）短暂的: ephemeral pleasures 短暂的欢乐 * Slang words are often ephemeral. 俚语往往只流行於一时.
epic
/ 5epIk; `ZpIk/ n  1 (a) long poem about the deeds of one or more great heroes, or a nation's past history 叙事诗; 史诗: Homer's Iliad is a famous epic. 荷马的《伊利亚特》是著名的史诗. (b) long film, story, etc dealing with heroic deeds and exciting adventures 叙述英雄事迹和历险的电影、 故事等: yet another epic about the Roman empire 另一部关於罗马帝国的电影.  2 (infml or joc 口或谑) subject fit to be regarded as heroic 惊人之举: Mending the car became something of an epic. 修理汽车竟然也算是了不起的事.
epic 
adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of or like an epic; heroic; grand 史诗般的; 英勇的; 宏伟的: an epic encounter, struggle, achievement 可歌可泣的遭遇战、 英勇的斗争、 伟大的成就.
epicentre (US epicenter)
/ 5epIsentE(r); `ZpI9sZntL/ n (a) point at which an earthquake reaches the earth's surface 震中; 震央. (b) (fig 比喻) central point of a difficult situation 困难所在: the epicentre of the riot 暴乱的中心.
epicure
/ 5epIkjUE(r); `ZpI9kjJr/ n person who takes a special interest in and gets great pleasure from food and drink 美食家: This cookery book has been written by a real epicure. 这本食谱是由一位真正的美食家写的.
epicurean
/ 9epIkjU5ri:En; 9ZpIkjJ`riEn/ n, adj (person who is) fond of pleasure and luxury 爱享乐的; 享乐主义者: In his youth he was an extravagant epicurean. 他年轻时是个花花公子. * an epicurean feast 丰盛的宴席.
epidemic
/ 9epI5demIk; 9ZpE`dZmIk/ n, adj (disease) spreading quickly among many people in the same place for a time 流行性的; 流行病: an influenza epidemic 流行性感冒 * (fig 比喻) an epidemic of crime in our major cities 在我们的大城市中罪案频仍 * Football hooliganism is now reaching epidemic proportions. 足球比赛中恣意闹事现已达愈演愈烈的地步.  Cf 参看 endemic, pandemic.
epidermis
/ 9epI5d\:mIs; 9ZpE`d[mIs/ n [U, C] (anatomy 解) outer layer of the skin 表皮: a damaged epidermis 受损伤的表皮.
epidural
/ 9epI5djUErEl; 9ZpE`djJrEl/ adj (medical 医) (of an anaesthetic) injected round the nerves in the spine and having the effect of anaesthetizing the lower part of the body （指麻醉剂）硬膜外的.
epidural 
n epidural injection 硬膜外注射: Epidurals are now often used during childbirth. 现在分娩时常用硬膜外注射.
epiglottis
/ 9epI5glCtIs; 9ZpE`^lBtIs/ n (anatomy 解) thin flap of tissue at the back of the tongue that covers the windpipe during swallowing to prevent food or drink from entering the lungs 会厌. 
epiglottal
/ -5glCtl;-`^lBtl/ adj.
epigram
/ 5epIgrAm; `ZpE9^rAm/ n short poem or saying expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way 诙谐短诗; 警句: The playwright Oscar Wilde was noted for his epigrams. 剧作家奥斯卡·王尔德以他的诙谐短诗著称.
epigrammatic
/ 9epIgrE5mAtIk; 9ZpE^rE`mAtIk/ adj expressing things, or expressed, in a short and witty way 精警的: an epigrammatic style 善用警句的风格.
epilepsy
/ 5epIlepsI; `ZpE9lZpsI/ n [U] disease of the nervous system that causes a person to fall unconscious (often with violent uncontrolled movements of the body) 癫痫症; 羊角风: various forms of epilepsy 各类的癫痫.
epileptic
/ 9epI5leptIk; 9ZpE`lZptIk/ adj of epilepsy 癫痫的: an epileptic fit 癫痫发作. -- n person who suffers from epilepsy 癫痫症患者: She's been an epileptic from birth. 她是先天性癫痫患者.
epilogue
/ 5epIlCg; `ZpE9lR^/ (US epilog / -lR:g; -lR^/) n (a) part or section added at the end of a book, play, film, programme, etc, as a comment on the main action （书、 剧本、 电影、 节目等的）结尾部分, 後记; 跋. (b) short speech or poem spoken by one of the characters at the end of a play （戏剧演出结束时由一个角色念的）收场白, 收场诗: Fortinbras speaks the epilogue in Shakespeare's `Hamlet'. 在莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》中, 由福丁布拉斯念收场白.  Cf 参看 prologue.
Epiphany
/ I5pIfEnI; I`pIfEnI/ n Christian festival held on 6 January, in memory of the coming of the Magi to the baby Jesus at Bethlehem 显现节, 主显节（每年1月6日纪念耶稣显灵的节日）.
episcopal
/ I5pIskEpl; I`pIskEpl/ adj (fml 文) of or governed by a bishop or bishops 主教的; 主教管辖的: the Episcopal Church, ie (esp) the Anglican Church in the US and Scotland （尤指美国和苏格兰的）圣公会. Cf 参看 Presbyterian.
episcopalian
/ I9pIskE5peIlIEn; I9pIskE`pelIEn/ n, adj (member) of an episcopal church 圣公会的; 圣公会教徒: Are you a Roman Catholic or an Episcopalian? 你是罗马天主教徒还是圣公会教徒?
episiotomy
/ E9pi:zI5CtEmI; E9pizI`BtEmI/ n (medical 医) cut made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth to aid the delivery of the baby 外阴切开术.
episode
/ 5epIsEUd; `ZpE9sod/ n [C]  1 (description of an) event occurring as part of a long series of events as in a novel, one's life, etc （小说或人生等的）片段, 插曲: That's an episode in my life I'd rather forget! 那是我一生中但愿忘却的经历! * One of the funniest episodes in the book occurs in Chapter 6. 书中最有趣的部分是在第6章.  2 part of a TV or radio serial broadcast at one time （电视或无线电广播的）一集: the final episode 大结局 * Listen to the next exciting episode tomorrow night. 请於明晚收听精采的下一集.
episodic
/ 9epI5sCdIk; 9ZpE`sBdIk/ adj (a) occurring irregularly; sporadic 偶然发生的; 分散性的: episodic fits of depression 阵发性抑郁症. (b) (of a story, novel, etc) containing or consisting of a series of events （指故事、 小说等）由一系列片段组成的: an episodic style 描述一系列片段故事的写作风格.
epistle
/ I5pIsl; I`pIsl/ n  1 (usu joc 通常作戏谑语) letter 书信: Her mother sends her a long epistle every week. 她母亲每周给她写一封长信.  2 Epistle (Bible 圣经) any of the letters included in the New Testament, written by the Apostles 《新约全书》中的使徒书信: the Epistle of St Paul to the Romans 《保罗达罗马人书》.
epistolary
/ I5pIstElErI; ?@ -lerI; I`pIstE9lZrI/ adj (fml 文) of, carried on by, or written in the form of letters 书信的; 用书信进行的; 书信体的: an epistolary friendship 书来信往的友谊 * an epistolary novel 书信体小说.
epitaph
/ 5epItB:f; ?@ -tAf; `ZpE9tAf/ n words written or said about a dead person, esp words inscribed on a tombstone 悼文; 祭文; 悼词; （尤指）墓志铭.
epithet
/ 5epIWet; `ZpE9WZt/ n adjective or descriptive phrase that refers to the character or most important quality of sb/sth eg Alfred the Great, Attila the Hun （表示某人[某事物]性格或最主要特性的）修饰词或描述性短语（如阿尔弗烈德大王, 匈奴王阿提拉）.
epitome
/ I5pItEmI; I`pItEmI/ n  1 thing that shows on a small scale all the characteristics of sth much larger 梗概; 缩影: The divisions we see in this school are the epitome of those occurring throughout the whole country. 我们在这所学校中看到的各个部门是全国各校的缩影.  2 person or thing that is a perfect example of a quality, type, etc 典型的人或事物: the absolute epitome of a school teacher 中小学教师的典范 * She's the epitome of kindness. 她是仁慈的化身.  3 (dated 旧) short summary of a book, speech, etc （书、 演讲等的）摘要.
epitomize, epitomise
/ I5pItEmaIz; I`pItE9maIz/ v [Tn] be an epitome of (sth) 成为（某事物）的缩影: He epitomizes everything I dislike. 我讨厌的一切都在他身上体现出来 了. * She epitomizes the loving mother. 她是典型的慈母.
EPNS
/ 9i: pi: en 5es; 9i pi Zn `Zs/ abbr 缩写 = (on cutlery, tableware, etc) electroplated nickel silver （餐具等上的字样）电镀镍银.
epoch
/ 5i:pCk; ?@ 5epEk; `ZpEk/ n (beginning of a) period of time in history, life, the history of the earth, etc, esp one marked by notable events or characteristics 纪元; 时代; 时期: Einstein's theory marked a new epoch in mathematics. 爱因斯坦理论开创了数学的新纪元.
epoch-making 
adj (fml or joc 文或谑) important and remarkable enough to change the course of history and begin a new epoch 开新纪元的; 划时代的: the epoch-making discovery of America 发现美洲的划时代的创举 * I told him his idea was not exactly epoch-making. 我告诉他说他的思想算不上是划时代的.
Epsom salts
/ 9epsEm 5sR:lts; `ZpsEm `sRlts/ magnesium sulphate, a bitter white powder used medically to empty the bowels 泻盐.
equable
/ 5ekwEbl; `ZkwEbl/ adj  1 free from extremes of heat or cold; moderate 冷热适中的; 温和的: an equable climate 温和的气候.  2 (of a person) not easily upset or annoyed; even-tempered （指人）不易恼怒的, 性情温和的: an equable temperament 温和的性情 * It's lucky that his parents are so equable. 值得庆幸的是他双亲性情非常温和.  
equably
/ 5ekwEblI; `ZkwEblI/ adv.
equal
/ 5i:kwEl; `ikwEl/ adj  1 the same in size, amount, value, number, degree, status, etc （大小、 数量、 价值、 程度、 状况等）相同的, 相等的, 同样的: They are of equal height. 他们一般高. * Divide the cake into equal parts. 把蛋糕分成等份. * Equal amounts of flour and sugar should be added to the mixture. 应在混合物中加入等量的面粉和糖. * He speaks Arabic and English with equal ease. 他说阿拉伯语和英语都一样自如. * Women are demanding equal pay for equal work, ie equal to that of men. 妇女要求同工同酬（与男人一样）. * In intelligence, the children are about equal. 这些儿童在智力上大致相同.  2 [pred 作表语] ~ to sth/doing sth having the strength, courage, ability, etc for sth 对某事物有力量、 勇气、 能力等; 能胜任: She feels equal to the task. 她认为能胜任该项工作. * He's equal to (ie able to deal with) the occasion. 他能应付这一局面. * He doesn't seem equal to meeting our demands. 他似乎不太合乎我们的要求.  3 (idm 习语) on equal terms (with sb) (meeting or speaking) as equals, with no difference in status or rank 平等相处; 地位相等: Now that she has been promoted she is on equal terms with her ex-boss. 她既然已升级, 就和原先的上司平起平坐了.  other things being equal => thing.
equal 
n person or thing equal to oneself in some way 和自己相当的人或事物: He's my equal in strength. 他和我力气一样大. * She's the equal of her brother as far as intelligence is concerned. 论智力, 她和她哥哥不相上下. * We consider ourselves equals. 我们彼此不分上下.
equal 
v (-ll-) (US -l-) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) be equal to sb/sth 与某人[某事物]相同或相等: equalling the Olympic record 平奥运会纪录 * He is equalled by no one in kindness. 没有人比他更善良.
equality
/ I5kwClEtI; I`kwBlEtI/ n [U] state of being equal 平等: Women are still struggling for true equality with men. 妇女仍在争取与男人真正平等. * equality of opportunity, ie having an equal chance of being considered for jobs, promotion, etc 机会均等（在求职、 提升等方面有同等的机会）.
equalize, equalise
/ 5i:kwElaIz; `ikwEl9aIz/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become equal (in size, amount, etc) （使某事物）（在大小、 数量等上）相等: Germany were winning the match until just before the end when the other team equalized, ie scored another goal to make the scores equal. 德国队眼看要赢得这场比赛, 而恰在终场前对方把比分扳平.  
equalization, equalisation
/ 9i:kwElaI5zeIFn; ?@ -lI5z-; 9ikwElE`zeFEn/ n [U].
equally
/ 5i:kwElI; `ikwElI/ adv  1 in an equal manner or to an equal degree 相等地; 同等地: They are equally clever. 他们一样聪明.  2 in equal parts 均等: They share the housework equally between them. 他们平等分担家务.  3 also; similarly; in addition 也; 同样; 此外: We must try to think about what is best for him; equally we must consider what he wants to do. 我们要为他著想, 同时也要想到他愿意干什麽.
equanimity
/ 9ekwE5nImEtI; 9ZkwE`nImEtI/ n [U] calmness of mind or temper 心情平静; 情绪镇定: She maintained her equanimity throughout her long ordeal. 她在长期的苦难中心情一直都很平静. * Nothing disturbs his equanimity. 没有任何事能扰乱他平静的心绪.
equate
/ I5kweIt; I`kwet/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to/with sth) consider sth as equal or equivalent (to sth else) 认为某事物（与另一事物）相等或相仿: You can't equate the education system of Britain to that of Germany. 不能把英国教育制度与德国教育制度等同起来. * He equates poverty with misery. 他认为贫穷就是不幸.
equation
/ I5kweIVn; I`kweVEn/ n  1 [C] (mathematics 数) statement that two expressions (connected by the sign =) are equal, eg 2x + 5 = 11 等式（如2x + 5 = 11）.  2 [U] action of making equal or regarding as equal 等同; 相等: The equation of wealth with happiness can be dangerous. 把财富与幸福等同起来有时候很危险.
quadratic equation
/ kwC9drAtIk I5kweIVn; kwBd`rAtIkI`kweVEn/ (algebra 代数) equation that uses the square (and no higher power) of an unknown quantity, egx2 + 2x  8 = 0 二次方程式（如x2 + 2x  8 = 0）.
equator
/ I5kweItE(r); I`kwetL/ n imaginary line (or one drawn on a map, etc) around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles 赤道: It is very hot near the equator. 赤道附近非常热. =>illus at globe 见globe之插图.
equatorial
/ 9ekwE5tR:rIEl; 9ZkwE`tRrIEl/ adj of or near the equator 赤道的; 赤道附近的: an equatorial climate 赤道的气候 * equatorial jungles 赤道附近的丛林.
equerry
/ I5kwerI, also5ekwErI; I`kwZrI, `ZkwErI/ n (in Britain) officer attending the king, the queen or a member of the royal family （英国的）王室侍从: He is equerry to the Prince of Wales. 他是威尔士亲王的侍从.
equestrian
/ I5kwestrIEn; I`kwZstrIEn/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of horse-riding 骑马的: equestrian skill 骑术 * an equestrian statue, ie of a person on a horse 骑士塑像 * equestrian events at the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会的骑术比赛.
equestrian 
n person who is skilled at horse-riding 骑师.
equi-
comb form 构词成分 equal; equally 同等的; 同等地: equipoise * equidistant.
equidistant
/ 9i:kwI5dIstEnt; 9ikwE`dIstEnt/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (from sth) (fml 文) at an equal distance (from two or more places, etc) 等距离: Our house is equidistant from the two pubs in the village. 我们的房子离村中两家酒馆距离相等.
equilateral
/ 9i:kwI5lAtErEl; 9ikwE`lAtErEl/ adj (geometry 几) having all sides equal 等边的: an equilateral triangle 等边三角形.
equilibrium
/ 9i:kwI5lIbrIEm, also9ek-; 9ikwE`lIbrIEm, Zk-/ n [U]  1 state of being balanced 平衡; 均势: This pair of scales is not in equilibrium. 这个天平不平衡. * He can't maintain enough equilibrium to ride a bike. 他骑自行车不能保持平衡.  2 (fig 比喻) balanced state of mind, feelings, etc （心情、 感情等）平静: She lost her usual equilibrium and shouted at him angrily. 她一反常态, 向他愤怒地叫喊.
equine
/ 5ekwaIn; `ZkwaIn/ adj of or like a horse or horses 马的; 似马的: the equine species 马类 * (fig 比喻) He has a long equine face. 他的脸像马脸那麽长.
equinox
/ 5i:kwInCks, also5ek-; `ikwE9nBks, Zk-/ n either of the two times in the year (around 21 March and 22 September) when the sun crosses the equator and day and night are of equal length 春分; 秋分: spring/vernal equinox 春分 * autumnal equinox 秋分. Cf 参看 solstice.
equinoctial
/ 9i:kwI5nCkFl, also9ek-; 9ikwE`nBkFEl, Zk-/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] of, at or near the equinox 春分或秋分时的; 在春分或秋分前後的: equinoctial gales/tides 春分或秋分时的暴风雨[潮汐].
equip
/ I5kwIp; I`kwIp/ v (-pp-) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (with sth) supply sb/sth (with what is needed, for a particular purpose) 配备; 装备: They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装. * Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam. 请准备一枝尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试. * The soldiers were well equipped with weapons and ammunition. 士兵们装备好了武器和弹药. * A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生.
equipment 
n [U]  1 things needed for a particular purpose 设备; 装备: office equipment, eg typewriters, photocopiers, stationery, etc 办公室的设备（如打字机、 影印机、 文具等） * sports equipment 运动器材 * a factory with modern equipment 有现代化设备的工厂.  2 action of equipping 装备; 配备: The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive. 装备摄影室的开支很大.
equipoise
/ 5ekwIpRIz; `ZkwE9pRIz/ n (fml 文)  1 [U] balanced state, esp of the mind; equilibrium 平衡状态; （尤指）心态平衡; 心情平静.  2 [C] thing that counter balances 平衡物.
equitable
/ 5ekwItEbl; `ZkwItEbl/ adj (fml 文) fair and just; reasonable 公正的; 合理的: the most equitable solution to the dispute 对该纠纷最公正的解决 * Each person must have an equitable share. 每人应得合理的一份. 
equitably
/ -blI; -blI/ adv.
equity
/ 5ekwEtI; `ZkwEtI/ n  1 [U] fairness; right judgement 公平; 公正的裁判: The equity of the referee's decision was accepted by everyone. 大家都同意裁判员的公正裁判.  2 [U] (law 律 esp Brit) principles of justice used to correct laws when these would seem unfair in special circumstances 衡平法.  3 equities [pl] ordinary stocks and shares that carry no fixed interest （利息不定的）普通股.
equivalent
/ I5kwIvElEnt; I`kwIvElEnt/ adj ~ (to sth) equal in value, amount, meaning, importance, etc （价值、 数量、 意义、 重要性等）相同的: What is 5 equivalent to in French francs? 5英镑相当於多少法国法郎? * 250 grams or an equivalent amount in ounces250克或与之相当的盎司.
equivalence
/ -lEns; -lEns/ n  1 [U] state or quality of being equivalent 均等; 等量.  2 [C] thing that is equivalent 相等物.
equivalent 
n thing, amount or word that is equivalent 相等的事物或数量; 对应词: the metric equivalent of two miles 两英里的公制等距 * Is there a French word that is the exact equivalent of the English word `home'? 法语中有没有和英语home完全一样的对应词?
equivocal
/ I5kwIvEkl; I`kwIvEkl/ adj  1 having a double or doubtful meaning; ambiguous 模棱两可的; 意义不明的: The politician gave an equivocal answer. 那政客的答覆模棱两可.  2 (of behaviour, circumstances, etc) questionable; suspicious （指行为、 情况等）不可靠的, 可疑的.
equivocate
/ I5kwIvEkeIt; I`kwIvE9ket/ v [I] speak in an ambiguous way to hide the truth or mislead people 说模棱两可的话; 支吾; 蒙混: Don't equivocate with me  I want a straight answer to a straight question! 别跟我绕弯子--我问的问题直截了当, 回答也要直截了当! 
equivocation
/ I9kwIvE5keIFn; I9kwIvE`keFEn/ n  1 [U] use of equivocal statements to mislead people 用模棱两可的话迷惑人; 含糊其词.  2 [C] equivocal expression 暧昧语.
ER
abbr 缩写 = (eg on post-boxes) Queen Elizabeth (Latin Elizabetha Regina) （如邮政信箱上的字样）伊丽莎白女王（源自拉丁文Elizabetha Regina）. Cf 参看 GR.
-er
suff 後缀  1 (with vs forming ns 接在动词後构成名词) person or thing that does 施动的人或事物: lover * computer. Cf 参看 -ee, -or.  2 (with ns forming ns 接在名词後构成名词) (a) person concerned with 与...有关的人: astronomer * philosopher. (b) person belonging to 属於...的人: New Yorker * villager * sixth-former. (c) thing that has 有...的东西: three-wheeler * double-decker.
era
/ 5IErE; `IrE/ n [C]  1 period in history starting from a particular time or event 纪元; 年代; 时代: the Elizabethan era 伊丽莎白时代.  2 period in history marked by an important event or development （以重大事件或重要发展为标志的）历史时期, 时代: the era of the miniskirt 超短裙时代 * We are living in the computer era. 我们正生活在计算机时代.
eradicate
/ I5rAdIkeIt; I`rAdI9ket/ v [Tn] destroy (sth) completely; put an end to (sth) 根除, 消灭（某事物）; 结束（某事物）: Smallpox has almost been eradicated. 天花几乎已消灭. * attempts to eradicate crime 力图根除罪恶的行动.
eradication
/ I9rAdI5keIFn; I9rAdI`keFEn/ n [U].
eradicator
/ I5rAdIkeItE(r); I`rAdI9ketL/ n [C, U]person or thing that eradicates, esp a chemical substance that removes ink marks 根除者; 消除物（尤指去墨水迹的化学物质）: a bottle of ink eradicator 一瓶消字灵.
erase
/ I5reIz; ?@ I5reIs; I`res/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) rub or scrape sth out; remove all traces of sth 擦掉或刮掉某物; 消除某事物的痕迹: erase pencil marks 擦去铅笔的笔迹 * (fig 比喻) She couldn't erase the incident from her memory. 她难以忘却那次事故.  2 [Tn] remove a recording from (magnetic tape) 从（磁带）上抹去录音或录像.
eraser
/ I5reIzE(r); ?@ -sEr; I`resL/ n (US; Brit fml 文) (Brit also rubber) thing that erases, esp a piece of rubber, etc for removing pencil marks 清除用具（尤指擦去铅笔笔迹的橡皮等）. eraser head device on a cassette or video player for erasing material recorded on magnetic tape （录音机或录像机上的）消磁器.
erasure
/ I5reIVE(r); I`reVL/ n (fml 文)  1 [U] action of erasing 擦掉; 刮掉; 消除.  2 [C] (a) word, etc that has been erased 删掉的词等. (b) place or mark where sth has been erased 涂擦的痕迹: erasures in a letter 信中的涂擦痕迹.
ere
/ eE(r); Zr/ conj, prep (arch or rhet 古或修辞) before 在...以前: ere break of day 破晓前 * ere long, ie soon 不久.
erect
/ I5rekt; I`rZkt/ adj  1 standing on end; upright; vertical 直立的; 竖直的; 垂直的: stand erect 笔直地站著 * hold a banner erect 将旗子举直.  2 (of a part of the body, esp the penis) swollen and stiff from sexual excitement （指身体的某部, 尤指阴茎）因性刺激而勃起的. 
erectness 
n [U].
erect
/ I5rekt; I`rZkt/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 build; set up; establish 建造; 设立; 创立: erect a monument 竖立纪念碑 * A statue was erected to (ie to honour the memory of) Queen Victoria. 为纪念维多利亚女王建起了一座雕像.  2 set upright; put up 竖起; 搭起: erect a tent, a flagstaff 搭起帐篷、 竖起旗杆.
erection
/ I5rekFn; I`rZkFEn/ n  1 [U] (fml 文) action of erecting; state of being erected 建造; 设立; 创立: The erection of the building took several months. 建造这座建筑物花了好几个月的时间.  2 [C] (fml sometimes derog 文, 有时作贬义) thing that has been erected; building or structure 竖立物; 建筑物: She calls the new opera house `that hideous erection'. 她把新歌剧院称作｀那讨厌的庞然大物＇.  3 [C] hardening and swelling (esp of the penis) in sexual excitement （性兴奋时, 尤指阴茎之）勃起: get/have an erection 产生勃起.
erectile
/ I5rektaIl; ?@ -tl; I`rZktl/ adj (anatomy 解) (of parts of the body, esp the penis) that can become swollen and stiff from sexual excitement （指身体的某部, 尤指阴茎）能勃起的: erectile tissue 勃起组织.
erg
/ \:g; [^/ n unit of energy in the metric system 尔格（能量的公制单位）.
ergo
/ 5\:gEU; `[^o/ adv (usu joc 通常作戏谑语) therefore 所以; 因此.
ergonomics
/ 9\:gE5nCmIks; 9[^E`nBmIks/ n [sing v] study of work and working conditions in order to improve people's efficiency 工作环境改造学.
ermine
/ 5\:mIn; `[mIn/ n  1 [C] (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作ermines) small animal of the weasel family whose fur is brown in summer and white in winter 貂; 扫雪鼬. Cf 参看 ferret, stoat, weasel.  2 [U] its white winter fur, esp as used to trim the robes of judges, etc 白色貂皮（尤用於制法官等的长袍的饰边）: a gown trimmed with ermine 饰以貂皮的长袍 * [attrib 作定语] ermine robes 白色貂皮袍.
erode
/ I5rEUd; I`rod/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (of acids, rain, wind, etc) destroy or wear (sth) away gradually （指酸、 雨、 风等）侵蚀, 腐蚀（某物）: Metals are eroded by acids. 金属能被酸腐蚀. * The sea has eroded the cliff face over the years. 海水经年累月冲刷著峭壁的表面. * (fig 比喻) The rights of the individual are being steadily eroded. 个人的权利正逐渐受到侵犯.
erosion
/ I5rEUVn; I`roVEn/ n [U] process of eroding or being eroded 侵蚀; 腐蚀: the erosion of the coastline by the sea 海水对海岸的冲刷 * attempts to reduce soil erosion 减少土壤侵蚀的做法 * (fig 比喻) the steady erosion of the President's credibility 总统的威信日渐丧失.
erosive
/ I5rEUsIv; I`rosIv/ adj.
erogenous
/ I5rCdVEnEs; I`rBdVEnEs/ adj (of areas of the body) particularly sensitive to sexual stimulation （指身体的某部）性欲发生的: erogenous zones 性欲发生区.
erotic
/ I5rCtIk; I`rBtIk/ adj of or arousing sexual desire 性欲的; 色情的; 引起性欲的: erotic art, verse, photography, etc 色情艺术、 诗歌、 摄影等 * an erotic painting 色情画 * the erotic urge 性冲动.
erotica
/ I5rCtIkE; I`rBtIkE/ n [pl] books, pictures, etc intended to arouse sexual desire 色情书、 画等: a collection of erotica 春宫录.
erotically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
eroticism
/ I5rCtIsIzEm; I`rBtE9sIzEm/ n [U] (quality of stimulating) sexual desire 性欲; 色情性: the film's blatant eroticism 影片露骨的色情性.
err
/ \:(r); ?@ eEr; Zr/ v (fml 文)  1 [I] (a) make mistakes; be wrong 犯错误; 出错. (b) do wrong; sin 做错事; 犯罪.  2 (idm 习语) err on the side of sth show too much of a (usu good) quality 过分表现某品质（通常指好的）: It's better to err on the side of tolerance (ie be too tolerant rather than too severe) when dealing with young offenders. 对待失足的青少年宁可失之过宽（宁过宽而勿过严）. to ,err is `human (to for,give di`vine) (saying 谚) it is human nature to sin and make mistakes (and therefore one should be as forgiving as possible) 人孰无过（宽恕为上）.
errand
/ 5erEnd; `ZrEnd/ n  1 short journey to take a message, get or deliver goods, etc 短程差使（送信、 取货或送货等）: He was tired of running errands for his sister. 他已厌烦给姐姐当跑腿了.  2 object or purpose of such a journey 差事: I've come on a special errand. 我是专程来办一件差事的.  3 (idm 习语) an errand of `mercy journey to bring help to sb who is in distress 帮助受困者之行; 雪中送炭. a fool's errand => fool1.
errant
/ 5erEnt; `ZrEnt/ adj (arch or joc 古或谑)  1 [attrib 作定语] doing wrong; misbehaving 犯错的; 行为不当的: an ,errant (ie unfaithful) `husband/`wife 不安分的丈夫[妻子].  2 wandering in search of adventure (esp in the expression shown) 为冒险而周游的（尤用於以下示例）: a ,knight `errant 游侠.
erratic
/ I5rAtIk; I`rAtIk/ adj (usu derog 通常作贬义) irregular or uneven in movement, quality or behaviour; unreliable （动作、 品质或行为）不规则的, 无常的, 不可靠的: Deliveries of goods are erratic. 不按规定送货. * The singer gave an erratic performance. 演唱者未唱出水平. * This clock is rather erratic. 这个钟不太准.
erratically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv: Being out of practice the team played very erratically. 这队因缺乏练习而表现失常.
erratum
/ e5rB:tEm; Z`rBtEm/ n (pl errata/ -tE; -tE/) (fml 文) error in printing or writing 印刷或书写的错误: a list of errata 勘误表 * an erratum slip, ie a piece of paper inserted into a book after printing, listing errors, misprints, etc 勘误附页.
erroneous
/ I5rEUnIEs; I`ronIEs/ adj (fml 文) incorrect; mistaken 不正确的; 错误的: erroneous ideas, conclusions, statements, etc 错误的观念、 结论、 说法等. 
erroneously 
adv: a poem erroneously attributed to Shakespeare 被误认为是莎士比亚写的诗.
error
/ 5erE(r); `ZrL/ n  1 [C] thing done wrongly; mistake 错误; 差错: spelling errors 拼法错误 * a computer error 计算机错误 * printer's errors, ie misprints 印刷错误.  2 [U] state of being wrong in belief or behaviour 想法或行为的错误: The letter was sent to you in error, ie by mistake. 此信误送给你了. * The accident was the result of human error. 这事故是人为的错误造成的.  3 [C] (in calculations, etc) amount of inaccuracy （计算等的）误差: an error of 2 per cent 百分之二的误差. =>Usage at mistake1 用法见mistake1.  4 (idm 习语) an ,error of `judgement a mistake in one's assessment of a situation, etc （对情况等的）判断错误. the ,error of one's `ways aspects of one's way of life that are wrong and should be changed 生活中应改正的过失: Jones used to be a thief, but now he's seen the error of his ways and is trying to rebuild his life. 琼斯过去是小偷, 但是现已知过能改重新做人. trial and error => trial.
ersatz
/ 5eEzAts, 5\:sB:ts; Zr`zBts/ adj (often derog 常作贬义) imitation or substitute, usu inferior to the original 仿制的, 代用的（通常次於原物）: ersatz coffee, whisky, silk 代用咖啡、 仿制威士忌、 人造丝.
erudite
/ 5eru:daIt; `ZrJ9daIt/ adj (fml 文) having or showing great learning; scholarly 博学的; 有学问的: an erudite lecture 博大精深的讲座.
eruditely 
adv.
erudition
/ 9eru:5dIFn; 9ZrJ`dIFEn/ n [U] learning 学问: display one's erudition 炫耀自己的学识 * a man of immense erudition 饱学之士.
erupt
/ I5rQpt; I`rQpt/ v  1 [I] (of a volcano) suddenly throw out lava, etc （指火山）爆发: It's many years since Mount Vesuvius last erupted. 维苏威火山上一次爆发至今已有很多年了.  2 [I, Ipr] (fig 比喻) break out suddenly and violently 突然发生: Violence has erupted on the streets. 大街上突然发生了暴乱. * The demonstration erupted into violence. 示威游行中突然出现了武斗. * (infml 口) When I saw the size of the bill I simply erupted, ie became furiously angry. 我看到巨额帐单时简直火冒三丈.  3 [I] (of spots, etc) appear on the skin （指斑点等）在皮肤上出现: A rash has erupted all over my back. 我的背上出满了疹子.
eruption
/ I5rQpFn; I`rQpFEn/ n [C, U]  1 outbreak of a volcano 火山爆发.  2 (fig 比喻) outbreak of war, disease, etc （战争等）爆发; （疾病等）发作: the eruption of hostilities 战事爆发.  3 sudden appearance of spots, etc on the skin （斑疹等）突然在皮肤上出现; 出疹.
-ery (also -ry) 
suff 後缀  1 (with vs and ns forming ns 与动词和名词结合构成名词) (a) place where ...的地方: bakery * brewery. (b) art or practice of ...的艺术或技术: cookery * pottery.  2 (with ns and adjs forming usu uncountable ns 与名词和形容词结合构成（通常为不可数）名词) (a) state or character of ...的状态或性质: snobbery * bravery * rivalry. (b) group or collection of ...的聚集: machinery * greenery * gadgetry.
erysipelas
/ 9erI5sIpIlEs; 9ZrE`sIplEs/ n [U] (medical 医) disease that causes fever and deep red inflammation of the skin 丹毒.
ESA
/ 9i: es 5eI; 9i Zs `e/ abbr 缩写 = European Space Agency 欧洲航天局.
escalate
/ 5eskEleIt; `ZskE9let/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) increase or develop by successive stages; become or make (sth) more intense （使某事物）逐步增长或发展; （使某事物）更紧张: the steadily escalating level of unemployment 失业率日益上升 * House prices have escalated rapidly. 房价已急速上涨. * The Government is deliberately escalating the war for political reasons. 政府出於政治目的蓄意使战争逐步升级. 
escalation
/ 9eskE5leIFn; 9ZskE`leFEn/ n: an escalation in food prices 食物价格急剧上涨 * try to prevent an escalation of the war 竭力防止战争升级.
escalator
/ 5eskEleItE(r); `ZskE9letL/ n moving staircase carrying people up or down between floors or different levels (in a shop, underground railway, etc) 自动扶梯.
escalope
/ e5skAlCp; Z`skAlEp/ n slice of boneless meat, usu coated in egg and breadcrumbs and fried 无骨肉片（通常裹以鸡蛋和面包屑油炸）: escalopes of veal 小牛肉片.
escapade
/ 9eskE5peId, 5eskEpeId; 9ZskE`ped, `ZskE9ped/ n daring, mischievous or adventurous act; prank 大胆的、 顽皮的或冒险的行为; 恶作剧: a foolish, childish, boyish, etc escapade 愚蠢的、 幼稚的、 男孩子的恶作剧.
escape
/ I5skeIp; I`skep/ v  1 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sb/sth) get free; get away (from imprisonment or control) （从监禁、 管制中）逃脱, 逃走: Two prisoners have escaped. 有两个囚犯越狱了. * A lion has escaped from its cage. 有一头狮子从笼中逃走了. * She longed to escape from her mother's domination. 她渴望摆脱母亲的操纵. * (fig 比喻) When life became too difficult, he escaped into a dream world of his own. 生活太困难时, 他就躲进了自己梦幻世界之中.  2 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sth) (of gases, liquids, etc) find a way out (of a container, etc); leak; seep out （指气体、 液体等）漏出, 泄漏, 渗出: There's gas escaping somewhere  can you smell it? 有什麽地方漏煤气了--你闻到了吗? * Make a hole to let the water escape. 弄个洞让水排出. * heat escaping through a window 从窗户散发出的热气.  3 [I, Tn no passive 不用於被动语态, Tg] keep free or safe from (sth unpleasant); avoid 避免或躲避（不愉快的事物）; 免除: Where can we go to escape the crowds? 我们到哪里才能躲开这些人群? * escape punishment/being punished 避免惩罚[受罚] * You can't escape the fact that... 你不 能逃避这样的事实....  4 [Tn no passive 不用於被动语态] be forgotten or unnoticed by (sb/sth) 被遗忘; 未被注意: Her name escapes me, ie I can't remember it. 我想不起她的名字了. * The fault escaped observation (ie was not spotted) for months. 这故障数月来未引起注意. * Nothing escapes you/your attention, ie You notice everything. 什麽也瞒不了你.  5 (idm 习语) escape (sb's) `notice be missed or not noticed (by sb) 疏忽; 没注意到: It won't have escaped your notice that I've been unusually busy recently. 你一定注意到了我最近一直忙得不得了.
escape
/ I5skeIp; I`skep/ n  1 [C, U] ~ (from sth) (act or action of) escaping; instance of having escaped 逃走; 逃脱: Escape from Dartmoor prison is difficult. 从达特穆尔监狱逃走非常困难. * There have been few successful escapes from this prison. 没有什麽人能从这座监狱逃走. * When the guard's back was turned, she made her escape. 看守人一转过身去, 她就逃走了.  2 [C] means of escaping 逃走或逃生的手段: The fire-escape is at the back of the building. 太平门在建筑物的後面. * [attrib 作定语] The police have just found the escape vehicle. 警方刚找到逃走者使用的车辆. * He showed us our escape route on the map. 他在地图上指出我们逃走的路线. * escape-pipe/-valve, ie to release excess steam or water when the pressure is too great 排出管[阀]（压力过高时可释放出过剩的蒸汽或水）.  3 [sing] (thing that provides a) temporary distraction from reality or dull routine 暂时逃避现实（的消遣事物）: He listens to music as an escape from the pressures of work. 他听音乐以缓解一下工作的压力.  4 [C] leak 漏出: an escape of gas 漏出煤气.  5 (idm 习语) make ,good one's e`scape manage to escape completely and satisfactorily 设法逃脱.
escape clause (also get-out clause) 
part of a contract that releases a person, etc from obligations under certain conditions （契约的）例外条款.
escape-hatch 
n emergency exit from a ship, an aircraft, etc （船只、 飞行器等的）紧急出口.
escape velocity 
speed at which a spacecraft, etc must travel in order to leave the gravitational field of a planet, etc 逃逸速度（宇宙飞船等克服星球引力的速度）.
escapee
/ I9skeI5pi:; 9Iske`pi/ n person who has escaped (esp from prison) 逃脱者; （尤指）越狱者.
escapement
/ I5skeIpmEnt; I`skepmEnt/ n part of a clock or watch that regulates the movement （钟表的）擒纵器.
escapism
/ I5skeIpIzEm; I`skepIzEm/ n [U] (often derog 常作贬义) (habit of) trying to forget unpleasant realities by means of entertainment, fantasy, etc 逃避现实（的习气）: Drug-taking is a form of escapism for some people. 对有些人来说, 吸毒是一种逃避现实的手段.
escapist
/ -pIst; -pIst/ n person whose behaviour is characterized by escapism 逃避现实的人: [attrib 作定语] escapist literature, eg romantic fiction 逃避现实的文学（如浪漫小说）.
escapology
/ 9eskE5pClEdVI; 9Zske`pBlEdVI/ n [U] practice or technique of escaping from confinement (esp chains, bags, etc) as a form of entertainment 脱身术（表演）（尤指从铁链、 口袋等中挣脱）.
escapologist
/ -lEdVIst; -lEdVIst/ n entertainer who specializes in this 脱身术表演者.
escarole
/ 5eskErEUl; `ZskE9rol/ n [C, U] = endive 1.
escarpment
/ I5skB:pmEnt; Z`skBrpmEnt/ n long steep slope or cliff separating two areas at different levels, usu a plateau and a low-lying plain （通常为处於高低两平原之间的）长而陡的坡或悬崖.
eschatology
/ 9eskE5tClEdVI; 9ZskE`tBlEdVI/ n [U] (religion 宗) branch of theology concerned with the end of the world and God's judgement of mankind after death 末世论（神学的一个范畴, 研究世界的终局和人死後上帝的审判）.
eschew
/ Is5tFu:; Is`tFu/ v [Tn] (fml 文) keep away from (sth); abstain from; avoid 避开（某事物）; 戒除; 回避: eschew political discussion 回避政治讨论.
escort
/ 5eskR:t; `ZskRrt/ n  1 [CGp] person or group of people, ships, vehicles, etc accompanying sb/sth to give protection or as an honour; person, etc accompanying valuable goods to guard them 进行护送的人、 船、 车辆等: The government provided an armed escort for the visiting head of State. 政府为到访的元首派出了武装卫队. * The Queen's yacht had an escort of ten destroyers. 有十艘驱逐舰为女王的游艇护航. * The gold bullion was transported under police escort. 金锭在警方的护送下运走了. * [attrib 作定语] soldiers on escort duty 执行护送任务的士兵.  2 [C] (dated or fml 旧或文) person, esp a man and usu not a regular companion, who accompanies a member of the opposite sex on a particular social occasion （在社交场合）陪伴异性的人（尤指男人而通常并非经常作伴者）.
escort
/ I5skR:t; I`skRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sb (to sth) accompany sb as an escort 护送某人: a princess escorted by soldiers 由士兵护送公主 * May I escort you to the ball? 我可以陪你去参加舞会吗? * Her brother's friend escorted her home. 她哥哥的朋友护送她回家.
escritoire
/ 9eskrI5twB:(r); 9ZskrI`twBr/ n writing-desk with drawers for paper, envelopes, etc 写字台.
escutcheon
/ I5skQtFEn; I`skQtFEn/ n  1 shield displaying a coat of arms 饰有纹章的盾.  2 (idm 习语) a blot on sb's/the escutcheon => blot1.
-ese
suff 後缀  1 (with proper ns forming adjs and ns与专有名词结合构成形容词和名词) (inhabitant or language) of ...的; ...的人; ...的语言: (the) Milanese * (the) Japanese.  2 (with ns forming ns 与名词结合构成名词) (esp derog 尤作贬义) in the literary style of...的文体; ...的风格: journalese * officialese.
Eskimo
/ 5eskImEU; `ZskE9mo/ (pl unchanged or ~s 复数或不变或作Eskimos / -mEUz; -moz/) (also Innuit, Inuit) n  1 [C] member of a people living in the Arctic regions of N America and E Siberia 爱斯基摩人: [attrib 作定语] Eskimo art 爱斯基摩艺术.  2 [U] language of this people 爱斯基摩语.
ESL
/ 9i: es 5el; 9i Zs `Zl/ abbr 缩写 = (teaching, learning or studying) English as a Second Language 作为第二语言的英语（教学或研究）. Cf 参看 EFL.
ESN
/ 9i: es 5en; 9i Zs `Zn/ abbr 缩写 = educationally subnormal (because mentally handicapped) （因智力低下）教育逊常的.
esophagus
(US) = oesophagus.
esoteric
/ 9esEU5terIk, 9i:sEU-; 9ZsE`tZrIk/ adj (fml 文) likely to be understood by only those with a special knowledge or interest; mysterious; obscure 只有内行才懂的; 神秘的; 难懂的: esoteric poetry, imagery, language, etc 难懂的诗、 意象、 语言等.
ESP
/ 9i: es 5pi:; 9i Zs `pi/ abbr 缩写 =  1 (teaching, learning or studying) English for Special/Specific (eg scientific, technical, etc) Purposes 专业英语（教学或研究）.  2 extra-sensory perception 超感知觉.
esp
abbr 缩写 = especially.
espadrille
/ 5espEdrIl; `ZspE9drIl/ n light canvas shoe with a plaited rope sole （鞋底为绳索编结的）帆布便鞋.
espalier
/ I5spAlIeI; ?@ I5spAljEr; I`spAljL/ n (tree or shrub whose branches are trained on a) wooden or wire frame in a garden 树棚; （树架上）枝杈盘绕的树.
especial
/ I5speFl; I`spZFEl/ adj (a) exceptional; outstanding; special 特别的; 突出的; 特殊的: a matter of especial interest 特别有趣的事. (b) belonging mainly to one person or thing; particular 特有的; 独有的: for your especial benefit 为了你特有的利益.
especially
/ I5speFElI; I`spZFlI/ adv in particular; specially 尤其; 特别: This is especially for you. 这是特别为你准备的. * I love the country, especially in spring. 我喜爱乡村, 尤其是在春天.
Esperanto
/ 9espE5rntEU; 9ZspE`rAnto/ n [U] artificial language designed for use by all nations 世界语.
espionage
/ 5espIEnB:V; `ZspIEnBV/ n [U] practice of spying or using spies to obtain secret information 间谍活动: found guilty of espionage 犯有间谍活动罪 * engage in espionage 从事间谍活动 * industrial espionage, ie spying on the secret plans of rival companies 工业情报刺探活动.
esplanade
/ 9esplE5neId; 9ZsplE`ned/ n level area of open ground where people may walk, ride or drive for pleasure, esp by the sea （可供散步、 骑马、 开车游玩的）广场; （尤指）海滨广场.
espouse
/ I5spaUz; I`spaJz/ v [Tn] (fml 文) give one's support to (a cause, theory, etc) 支持, 拥护（某主张、 理论等）: espousing feminism 拥护女权主义.
espousal
/ I5spaUzl; I`spaJzl/ n [U] (fml 文) ~ of sth espousing of (a cause, etc) 支持; 拥护: his recent espousal of communism 他最近对共产主义的拥护.
espresso
/ e5spresEU; Zs`prZso/ n (pl ~s) [C, U] (cup of) coffee made by forcing boiling water under pressure through ground coffee （一杯）蒸馏咖啡: `Two espressos, please.' ｀请来两杯蒸馏咖啡.＇
esprit
/ e5spri:; Z`spri/ n [U] (French 法) lively wit 机智.
esprit de corps
/ e9spri: dE 5kR:(r); Z`spridE`kRr/ (French 法) loyalty and devotion uniting the members of a group 团结精神.
espy
/ I5spaI; I`spaI/ v (pt, pp espied) [Tn] (dated or joc 旧或谑) catch sight of (sb/sth) 看到（某人[某事物]）: Was it you I espied jogging in the park this morning? 我今天早上看到在公园里有个人慢跑, 是你吗?
Esq
abbr 缩写 = (fml 文 esp Brit) Esquire: Edgar Broughton, Esq, eg on a letter addressed to him 如用作书信中的称谓.
-esque
suff 後缀 (used with ns to form adjs 与名词结合构成形容词) in the style or manner of ...的风格;...的方式: statuesque * Kiplingesque.
Esquire
/ I5skwaIE(r); ?@ 5es-; `Zs9kwaIr/ n (Brit fml 文) (abbr 缩写 Esq) polite title added after a man's surname (instead of Mr before it), esp in addressing letters （用作男子的尊称, 加在姓後, 尤用於书信中, Mr则用於姓前）: He wrote `Peter Mitchell, Esq' on the envelope. 他在信封上写了Peter Mitchell, Esq.
-ess
suff 後缀 (with ns forming ns 与名词结合构成名词) female 女的; 雌性的; 母的; 牝: lioness * actress.
-ess
NOTE ON USAGE 用法: The `feminine' suffixes -ess and -ette, in such words as poetess and usherette, are frequently avoided today, because it is unnecessary to make a distinction between men and women doing the same job. *-ess和-ette这两个後缀表示｀女的＇之意（如poetess和usherette）, 现在已尽量避免使用, 因无必要将做同一工作的人区分男女. The same word can often be used to apply to both sexes 同一词往往用於男女均可: author, host, manager, usher. The use of an alternative word is sometimes possible; for example, instead of headmaster or headmistress we can use headteacher. 有时可用其他词替换, 如用headteacher而不用headmaster或headmistress.
essay
/ 5eseI; `Zse/ n piece of writing, usu short and in prose, on any one subject 文章; （尤指）短文, 小品文, 散文: We had to write three essays in the history exam. 我们考历史要写三篇短文.
essayist
/ -Ist; -Ist/ n writer of essays, esp for publication （文章的）作者: Bacon was a famous essayist. 培根是著名的散文家.
essay
/ e5seI; Z`se/ v [Tn] (dated fml 旧, 文) try (sth); attempt 尝试（某事物）; 企图: essay a task 试做一工作.
essay
/ 5eseI; Z`se/ n (dated fml 旧, 文) ~ (at/in sth) attempt 试图.
essence
/ 5esns; `Zsns/ n  1 [U] that which makes a thing what it is; most important or indispensable quality of sth 本质; 精髓; 要素: The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed. 他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功. * She was the essence of kindness. 她本性善良.  2 [C, U] extract of a plant, drug, etc, containing all its important qualities in concentrated form （植物、 药物等的）精华, 精髓: vanilla essence 香草精 * meatessences 肉汁.  3 (idm 习语) in `essence fundamentally; essentially 大体上; 本质上: The two arguments are inessence the same. 这两个论点大致相同. of the `essencevery important; indispensable 非常重要的; 不可缺少的: Speed is of the essence in dealing with an emergency. 在处理紧急事件时, 速度是非常重要的.
essential
/ I5senFl; I`sZnFEl/ adj  1 [esp pred 尤作表语] ~ (to/for sth) necessary; indispensable; most important 必要; 不可缺少; 最重要: Is money essential to happiness? 金钱对於幸福是必不可少的吗? * It's essential that you attend all the meetings. 你务必要参加所有的会议. * `Secretary wanted: previous experience essential.' ｀招聘秘书: 须有经验.＇  2 [attrib 作定语] relating to sb's/sth's basic nature; fundamental 本质的; 基本的: His essential decency makes it impossible to dislike him. 他十分正派, 使人不能不喜欢他. * What is the essential theme of the play? 这剧本的主题是什麽?
essential 
n (usu pl 通常作复数) fundamentally necessary element or thing 要素; 要点: A knowledge of French is an absolute essential. 会些法语是非常必要的. * the essentials of English grammar 英语语法纲要 * We only had time to pack a few essentials. 我们只来得及装上几件必需品.
essentially
/ I5senFElI; I`sZnFElI/ adv in his/its true nature; basically 本质上; 基本上: He's essentially a very generous man. 他本质上是个十分慷慨的人.
essential oil 
oil extracted from a plant and used in making perfume, flavourings, etc 香精油; 香料油.
EST
/ 9i: es 5ti:; 9i Zs `ti/ abbr 缩写 =  1 (US) Eastern Standard Time 东部夏令时间. Cf 参看 EDT.  2 (medical 医) electro-shock treatment (used esp on psychiatric patients) 电休克疗法（尤用於精神病患者）.
est (also estd) 
abbr 缩写 =  1 established: Hyde, Jekyll and Co, est 1902 海德杰基尔公司成立於1902年.  2 estimate(d).
establish
/ I5stAblIF; I`stAblIF/ v  1 [Tn] set (sth) up on a firm or permanent basis 建立, 设立（某事物）: This business was established in 1860. 这家公司成立於1860年. * establish a close relationship with sb 与某人建立起密切的关系.  2 [Tn only passive 只用於被动语态, Tn.pr only passive 只用於被动语态, Cn.n/a] ~ sb/oneself (in sth) (as sth) place sb/oneself in a position, office, etc, usu on a permanent basis 使某人[自己]任职; 安置; 安顿: We are now comfortably established in our new house. 我们现已在新居舒适地安顿下来了. * He established himself as governor of the province. 他当上了省长. * She's now firmly established (in business) as an art dealer. 她已稳固地奠定了艺术品商的地位.  3 [Tn, Tf, Tw] show (sth) to be true; prove 确定（某事物）; 证实: We've established his innocence/(the fact) that he's innocent. 我们已证实他无罪. * The police can't establish where he was at the time. 警方无法确定当时他在哪里.  4 [Tn, Cn.n/a] cause people to accept (a belief, custom, claim, etc) 使人接受（信仰、 风俗、 要求等）: Established practices are difficult to change. 积习难改. * His second novel established his fame as a writer. 他的第二部小说确立了他作家之名.
established 
adj [attrib 作定语] (of a Church or religion) made official for a country （指教会或信仰）成为国教的: Anglicanism is the established religion in England. 英国圣公会是英国国教.
establishment
/ I5stAblIFmEnt; I`stAblIFmEnt/ n  1 [U] action of creating or setting up 设立; 建立: the establishment of a new college 新学院的成立.  2 [C] (fml or joc 文或谑) (premises of a) business organization or large institution 商业机构或大型机关（的房屋建筑）: an educational establishment, eg a school 教育机构（如学校） * What made you come and work in this establishment? 你到这个机构来工作的原因是什麽?  3 [sing] group of people employed in an organization, a household, etc 一机构的雇员、 家庭成员等: We have a large establishment, ie many staff. 我们员工编制很大（有许多职工）.  4 the Establishment [sing] n (esp Brit often derog 常作贬义) group of powerful people who influence or control policies, ideas, taste, etc and usually support what has been traditionally accepted 当权派（通常为守旧派）: the musical, intellectual, artistic, etc Establishment 音乐界的、 知识界的、 艺术界等的当权派 * [attrib 作定语] an Establishment figure 一位当权派.
estate
/ I5steIt; I`stet/ n  1 [C] area of land, esp in the country, with one owner 地产; （尤指）庄园: He owns a large estate in Scotland. 他在苏格兰有大量地产.  2 [C] (esp Brit) large area of land developed for a specific purpose, eg for houses or factories 作某种用途的地区（如兴建房屋或工厂）: a housing/a trading/an industrial estate 住宅区[商业区/工业区].  3 [U, C] (law 律) all the money and property that a person owns, esp that which is left at death 个人财产; （尤指）遗产: Her estate was divided between her four children. 她的遗产分给了她的四个子女.  4 [C] (dated fml 旧, 文) political or social group or class 政治的或社会的集团或等级: the three Estates of the Realm, ie (in Britain) the bishops, the lords and the common people （欧洲封建时代的）三个等级（在英国为僧侣、 贵族和平民）.  5 [sing] (dated fml 旧, 文) condition; stage in life 状况; 生活阶段: the holy estate of matrimony 已婚状况.
estate agent (US realtor, real estate agent) 
person whose job is to buy and sell houses for others 房地产经纪人.
estate car (also shooting-brake, US station wagon) 
car with a large area for luggage behind the rear folding seats and a door or doors at the back for easy loading 客货两用轿车; 旅行轿车. =>illus at car 见car之插图.
estd
abbr 缩写 = est.
esteem
/ I5sti:m; I`stim/ v (fml 文) (not used in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态)  1 [Tn] have a high opinion of (sb/sth); respect greatly 尊重, 尊敬（某人[某事物]）: I esteem his work highly. 我非常尊重他的工作.  2 [Cn.n] consider; regard 考虑; 认为: I esteem it a privilege to address such a distinguished audience. 我认为能向各位贵宾演讲十分荣幸.
esteem 
n high regard; favourable opinion 尊重; 看重: Since he behaved so badly he's gone down in my esteem, ie I do not esteem him so highly. 他表现非常恶劣, 使我对他的看法一落千丈. * She is held in great/high/low esteem by those who know her well. 熟悉她的人都极为[甚为/不太]尊重她.
esthete, esthetic
(US) = aesthete, aesthetic (aesthete).
estimable
/ 5estImEbl; `ZstEmEbl/ adj (dated or fml 旧或文) worthy of great respect 值得尊敬的.
estimate
/ 5estImEt; `ZstEmEt/ n  1 judgement or calculation of the approximate size, cost, value, etc of sth 估计; 估价: I can give you a rough estimate of the number of bricks you will need. 我可大略估算一下你需要多少砖. * This is an outside estimate of the price, ie an estimate of the highest probable price. 这是最高的估价.  2 statement of the price a builder, etc will probably charge for doing specified work （营造商等对承建工程的）报价: We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到三个承包商的报价後, 接受了价钱最低的. Cf 参看 quotation 4.  3 judgement of the character or qualities of sb/sth （对某人[事物]性格或质量的）判断: I don't know her well enough to form an estimate of her abilities. 我对她不太了解, 无法对她的能力作出判断.
estimate
/ 5estImeIt; `ZstE9met/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tnt, Tf, Tw] ~ sth (at sth) form an approximate idea of sth; calculate roughly the cost, size, value, etc of sth 估计: We estimated his income at/to be about 8000 a year. 我们估计他一年的收入大约8000英镑. * She estimated that the work would take three months. 她估计这项工作需要三个月. * Can you estimate its length/how long it is? 你能估计其长度[它有多长]吗?  2 [Ipr] ~ for sth calculate the probable price of (a specified job) 估算（某项工作）的费用: We asked our builder to estimate for the repair of the ceiling. 我们要求营造商估算一下修理天花板的费用. Cf 参看 quote 3.
estimation
/ 9estI5meIFn; 9ZstE`meFEn/ n  1 [U] judgement; opinion; regard 判断; 意见; 认为: In my estimation, he's the more suitable candidate. 我认为他是更合适的人选.  2 (idm 习语) go up/down in sb's estimation be regarded more/less highly by sb 增加[降低]对某人的尊敬: She's certainly gone up in my estimation since she told the boss what she thought of him. 她对老板讲了自己对他的看法後, 我就更加尊敬她了.
estrange
/ I5streIndV; I`strendV/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sb) cause (sb formerly loving or friendly) to become unfriendly to sb 使（某人）疏远某人; 离间: He's estranged from his wife, ie no longer living with her. 他和妻子分居了. * They are estranged. 他们疏远了.
estrangement 
n  1 [U] state of being estranged 疏远.  2 [C] instance of this 疏远: cause an estrangement between two old friends 导致两个老朋友彼此疏远.
estuary
/ 5estFUErI; ?@ -UerI; `ZstFJ9ZrI/ n [C] wide river mouth into which the tide flows 河口湾: the Thames estuary 泰晤士河河口.
et al
/ 9et 5Al; 9Zt `Al/ abbr 缩写 = (infml 口) and other people or things (Latin et alii/alia) 以及其他人或事物（源自拉丁文et alii/alia）: The concert included works by Mozart et al. 音乐会上演奏莫扎特等人的作品.
et cetera
/ It 5setErE, et-; It `sZtErE, Zt-/ (usu abbr 通常缩写作 etc) and other similar things; and the rest; and so on 以及诸如此类的事物; 及其他等等; 等等.
et seq
/ 9et 5sek; 9Zt `sZk/ abbr 缩写 = (pl et seqq) and the following (page(s), item(s), etc) (Latin et sequens/sequentia) 以及下列（各页、 各项等）（源自拉丁文et sequens/sequentia）: for further information see pp 9 et seq 详情见第9页起之各页.
son et lumiere
/ 9sCn eI lu:5mjeE(r); 9sonelum`jZr/ (French 法) night-time entertainment at a famous building or place, where its history is told and acted with special lighting and sound effects 名胜掌故晚会（在著名的建筑物或场所就地举行, 以讲述和表演的形式再现该处历史, 并配以灯光和音响效果）: son et lumiere in the grounds of a ruined abbey 在一座大修道院的废墟上举行的该处名胜掌故晚会.
ETA (also eta)
/ 9i: ti: 5eI; 9i ti `e/ abbr 缩写 = estimated time of arrival (when travelling) （旅行时）估计的到达时间: leave London 10. 05, eta Paris 12. 30.  10时05分离开伦敦, 估计12时30分到达巴黎. Cf 参看 ETD.
etceteras
/ It5setErEz, et-; It`sZtErEz, Zt-/ n [pl] (infml 口) the usual extra things 额外事物; 零星杂项: It's not just the food for the guests I have to think about  there are all the etceteras as well. 我要考虑的不仅仅是客人的食物--还有其他各种东西.
etch
/ etF; ZtF/ v (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/onto sth) use a needle and acid to make (a picture, etc) on a metal plate from which copies may be printed 用针和酸类在金属板上蚀刻（图画等）: (fig 比喻) The incident remained etched on her memory for years. 那次事件多年来一直铭刻在她的记忆中. (b) [I] make pictures, etc in this way 蚀刻: She enjoys etching. 她喜爱作蚀刻画.
etcher 
n person who etches 蚀刻师.
etching 
n  1 [U] art of making etched prints 蚀刻术.  2 [C] copy printed from an etched plate 蚀刻板画: Hanging on the wall was a fine etching of the church. 挂在墙上的是一幅精致的教堂蚀刻板画.
ETD
/ 9i: ti: 5di:; 9i ti `di/ abbr 缩写 = estimated time of departure (when travelling) （旅行时）估计的离开时间: arrive Paris 12.30, etd (for) Lyons 14.00  12时30分到达巴黎, 估计14时整启程前往里昂. Cf 参看 ETA.
eternal
/ I5t\:nl; I`t[nl/ adj  1 without beginning or end; lasting or existing for ever 永久的; 永恒的; 不朽的: the Eternal God 上帝 * eternal life, ie life after death of the body 永生 * eternal love 永恒的爱.  2 [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) seeming never to stop; (too) frequent 似乎不停的; （过於）频繁的: Stop this eternal chatter! 不要罗嗦个不停! * I am tired of your eternal arguments. 我讨厌你那没完没了的争论.  3 (idm 习语) the eternal `triangle situation in which two people are both in love with the same person of the opposite sex 三角恋爱. the eternal `verities fundamental moral principles; laws of God 基本的道德准则; 永恒的真理.
eternally
/ I5t\:nElI; I`t[nlI/ adv  1 throughout all time; for ever 永远地; 永久地.  2 (infml 口) (a) always 永远: I'll be eternally grateful to you. 我永远感激你. (b) (too) frequently （过於）频繁: He's eternally telephoning me early in the morning. 他总是大清早给我打电话.
the Eternal City 
Rome 不朽之城（即罗马）.
eternity
/ I5t\:nEtI; I`t[nEtI/ n  1 [U] (fml 文) time without end; state or time of life after death 永恒; 来世; 永生.  2 an eternity [sing] (infml 口) a very long time that seems endless 漫长的时间: It seemed an eternity before the police arrived. 似乎等到猴年马月警察才来.
eternity ring 
finger-ring with gems set all round it symbolizing eternity 四周镶有宝石象徵永恒的戒指: He gave her an eternity ring when their son was born. 他们的儿子出世後他送给她一枚表示永恒的戒指.
ether
/ 5i:WE(r); `iWL/ n [U]  1 colourless liquid made from alcohol, used in industry as a solvent to dissolve fats, etc and (esp formerly) medically as an anaesthetic 醚; 乙醚.  2 (also aether) (a) (arch or joc 古或谑) the upper air 上空: Today's news goes into the ether and is soon forgotten. 今天的新闻广播听後不久即置於脑後了. (b) type of substance formerly believed to fill all space through which light waves were thought to travel 以太.
ethereal (also aetherial)
/ I5WIErIEl; I`WIrIEl/ adj  1 of unearthly delicacy and lightness; seeming too spiritual or fairy-like for this world 轻巧的; 超凡的: ethereal music, beauty 轻柔的音乐、 超凡的美.  2 (arch 古) of the pure upper air above the clouds 苍天的.
ethic
/ 5eWIk; `ZWIk/ n  1 system of moral principles; rules of conduct 道德标准; 行为准则: the Puritan ethic 清教徒的伦理观 * the Christian ethic 基督徒的伦理观.  2 ethics n (a) [sing v] science that deals with morals 伦理学: Ethics is a branch of philosophy. 伦理学是哲学的分科. (b) [pl] moral correctness 道德规范: The ethics of his decision are doubtful. 他的这一决定是否合乎道德规范值得怀疑. * Medical ethics (ie those observed by the medical profession) forbid a doctor to have a love affair with a patient. 行医道德有规定, 禁止医生与病人谈恋爱.
ethical
/ -kl; -kl/ adj  1 of morals or moral questions 道德的; 道德上的问题的: largely an ethical problem 主要是道德问题 * an ethical basis for education 教育的道德基础.  2 morally correct 合乎道德的: His behaviour has not been strictly ethical. 他的行为不太道德. 
ethically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
ethnic
/ 5eWnIk; `ZWnIk/ adj  1 of a national, racial or tribal group that has a common cultural tradition 民族的; 种族的; 部落的: ethnic minorities, groups, communities, etc 少数民族的; 族群的; 种族社区的等.  2 (typical) of a particular cultural group 某文化群体的（典型的）: ethnic clothes, food, music 民族的服装、 食物、 音乐 * an ethnic restaurant 具有民族风味的饭店. 
ethnically
/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
ethnography
/ eW5nCgrEfI; ZW`nB^rEfI/ n [U] scientific description of the different human races 人种志.
ethnographer
/ eW5nCgrEfE(r); ZW`nB^rEfL/ n student of or expert in ethnography 人种志研究者; 人种志专家.
ethnographic
/ 9eWnE5grAfIk; 9ZWnE`^rAfIk/ adj.
ethnology
/ eW5nClEdVI; ZW`nBlEdVI/ n [U] science of the different human races, their characteristics, relations to one another, etc 民族学. Cf 参看 anthropology, sociology.
ethnological
/ 9eWnE5lCdVIkl; 9ZWnE`lBdVIkl/ adj of ethnology 民族学的.
ethnologist
/ eW5nClEdVIst; ZW`nBlEdVIst/ n student of or expert in ethnology 民族学研究者; 民族学家.
ethos
/ 5i:WCs; `iWBs/ n (fml 文) characteristic spirit, moral values, ideas or beliefs of a group, community or culture （集体、 社团、 文化的）气质、 道德观、 思想或信仰: the revolutionary ethos 革命精神 * His book captures exactly the ethos of Elizabethan England. 他的书准确地描绘了英国伊丽莎白时代的风土人情.
ethyl alcohol
/ 9eWIl 5AlkEhCl or, rarely 罕读作 9i:WaIl-;9ZWEl `AlkE9hRl/ base of alcoholic drinks, also used as a fuel or solvent 乙醇.
etiolate
/ 5i:tIEUleIt; `itIE9let/ v [Tn]  1 (botany 植) make (a plant) pale through lack of light 使（植物）因缺乏日光而变白: an etiolated seedling 发黄的幼苗.  2 (fml 文) cause (sb) to become pale and weak 使（某人）苍白衰弱: an etiolated adolescent 面黄肌瘦的少年 * (fig 比喻) an etiolated society 颓废的社会. 
etiolation
/ 9i:tIEU5leIFn; 9itIE`leFEn/ n [U].
etiology
(US) = aetiology.
etiquette
/ 5etIket, -kEt; `ZtI9kZt, -kEt/ n [U] formal rules of correct and polite behaviour in society or among members of a profession 礼节; 礼仪: Etiquette was considered very important in Victorian England. 英国在维多利亚时代非常注重礼仪. * medical, legal etiquette 医务界的、 法律界的成规.
-ette
suff 後缀 (with ns forming ns 与名词结合构成名词)  1 small 小的: cigarette * kitchenette.  2 imitation 仿制: flannelette * leatherette.  3 female 女性: usherette. =>Usage at -ess 用法见ess.
etymology
/ 9etI5mClEdVI; 9ZtE`mBlEdVI/ n  1 [U] study of the origin and history of words and their meanings 词源学.  2 [C] account of the origin and history of a particular word 词源: This dictionary does not give etymologies. 这部词典不介绍词源.
etymological
/ 9etImE5lCdVIkl; 9ZtEmE`lBdVIkl/ adj of etymology 词源学的; 词源的.
etymologist
/ 9etI5mClEdVIst; 9ZtE`mBlEdVIst/ n student of or expert in etymology 词源学研究者; 词源学家.
eucalyptus
/ 9ju:kE5lIptEs; 9jukE`lIptEs/ n (pl ~es or -lypti / -5lIptaI; -`lIptaI/)  1 (also euca`lyptus tree) any of several types of tall evergreen trees (including the Australian gum-tree), from which oil, timber and gum are obtained 桉树属.  2 (also euca`lyptus oil) [U] oil obtained from its leaves, used as a treatment for colds 桉树油（用以治疗感冒）.
eucharist
/ 5ju:kErIst; `jukErIst/ n the Eucharist [sing] (the bread and wine taken at) the Christian ceremony based on Christ's last supper 圣餐; 圣体; （圣餐中用的）饼和葡萄酒. Cf 参看 communion.
eugenics
/ ju:5dVenIks; jJ`dVZnIks/ n [sing v] science of the production of healthy intelligent children with the aim of improving the human genetic stock1(6) 优生学; 人种改良学.
eulogize, eulogise
/ 5ju:lEdVaIz; `julE9dVaIz/ v [I, Tn] (fml or joc 文或谑) praise (sb/sth) highly in speech or writing 称赞, 颂扬（某人[某事物]）: eulogizing over the vintage wine 称誉佳酿.
eulogist
/ 5ju:lEdVIst; `julEdVIst/ n person who does this 颂扬者; 作颂词者.
eulogistic
/ 9ju:lE5dVIstIk; 9julE`dVIstIk/ adj (of a speech or piece of writing) full of high praise （指言语或文字）颂扬的: eulogistic articles about his latest book 对他的新书的赞扬文章.
eulogize, eulogise
/ 5ju:lEdVaIz; `julE9dVaIz/ v [I, Tn] (fml or joc 文或谑) praise (sb/sth) highly in speech or writing 称赞, 颂扬（某人[某事物]）: eulogizing over the vintage wine 称誉佳酿.
eulogist
/ 5ju:lEdVIst; `julEdVIst/ n person who does this 颂扬者; 作颂词者.
eulogistic
/ 9ju:lE5dVIstIk; 9julE`dVIstIk/ adj (of a speech or piece of writing) full of high praise （指言语或文字）颂扬的: eulogistic articles about his latest book 对他的新书的赞扬文章.
eulogy
/ 5ju:lEdVI; `julEdVI/ n [C, U] (esp fml 尤作文雅语) (speech or piece of writing containing) high praise of a person or thing 颂词; 颂文: a poem of eulogy to the princess 献给公主的颂诗 * Her latest film has brought eulogies from the critics. 她最近的这部电影获得影评界的好评.
eunuch
/ 5ju:nEk; `junEk/ n castrated man, esp one formerly employed in the women's quarters of some oriental courts 阉人; （尤指）宦官, 太监.
euphemism
/ 5ju:fEmIzEm; `jufE9mIzEm/ n [C, U] (example of the) use of pleasant, mild or indirect words or phrases in place of more accurate or direct ones 委婉说法; 委婉话: `Pass away' is a euphemism for `die'. ｀去世＇是｀死＇的委婉说法. * `Pass water' is a euphemism for `urinate'. ｀小便＇是｀排尿＇的委婉语.
euphemistic
/ 9ju:fE5mIstIk; 9jufE`mIstIk/ adj (of speech or writing) consisting of or containing euphemisms（指言语或文字）委婉的: euphemistic language, expressions, terms, words, etc 委婉的语言、 用语、 词语、 言语等, euphemistically/ -klI; -klI/ adv.
euphonium
/ ju:5fEUnIEm; ju`fonIEm/ n large brass musical wind instrument, a type of tuba 次中音大号.
euphony
/ 5ju:fEnI; `jufEnI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] pleasantness of sound, esp in words 声音（尤指语音）的和谐. (b) [C, U] pleasing sound 悦耳的声音: the euphony of a speaker's voice 演讲者的声音悦耳.
euphonious
/ ju:5fEUnIEs; ju`fonIEs/ adj of a pleasing sound 悦耳的: euphonious musical notes 悦耳的音调.
euphoria
/ ju:5fR:rIE; ju`fRrIE/ n [U] intense feeling of happiness and pleasant excitement 愉快和兴奋的感觉: She was still in a state of euphoria hours after her victory. 她获胜後几小时仍喜气洋洋. 
euphoric
/ ju:5fCrIk; ?@ -5fR:r-; ju`fRrIk/ adj: euphoric shouts of victory 胜利的欢呼声.
Eur(o)-
comb form 构词成分 European; of Europe 欧洲的: Eurasian * Euro-Communist.
Eurasia
/ jUE5reIVE; jJ`reVE/ n Europe and Asia 欧亚大陆.
Eurasian
/ jUE5reIVn; jJ`reVEn/ n, adj (person) of mixed European and Asian parentage; of Europe and Asia 欧亚混血的（人）; 欧亚大陆的.
eureka
/ jUE5ri:kE; jJ`rikE/ interj (joc 谑) I have found it! 我找到了! (a cry of triumph at making a discovery 有所发现时得意的呼声): Eureka  a job at last! 我找到了--终於找到工作了!
eurhythmics (also euryththmics)
/ ju:5rITmIks; jJ`rITmIks/ n [sing v] (a) system of exercising the body through movement to music 韵律体操. (b) dancing in this style 韵律舞蹈.
Eurocheque
/ 5jUErEUtFek; `jJro9tFZk/ n (cheque issued under an) arrangement between European banks allowing customers in one country to cash cheques, etc in another 欧洲通用支票.
Eurocrat
/ 5jUErEkrAt; `jJrE9krAt/ n person, esp one in a senior position, who works in the administration of the European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体的官员（尤指高级官员）: the Brussels Eurocrats 布鲁塞尔的欧洲经济共同体官员.
Eurodollar
/ 5jUErEUdClE(r); `jJro9dBlL/ n US dollar put into European banks to act as an international currency and help the financing of trade and commerce 欧洲美元（存入欧洲银行的美元）.
European
/ 9jUErE5pIEn; 9jJrE`piEn/  1 n, adj (native) of Europe 欧洲的（土著）: ,European `languages 欧洲的语 言.  2 adj happening in or extending over Europe 在欧洲发生或传播的: an author with European recognition 名闻欧洲的作家.
the European Economic Community (abbr 缩写 EEC) 
= Common Market (common1).
Eustachian tube
/ ju:9steIFn 5tju:b; ?@ -5tu:b; jJ`steFEn `tub/ (anatomy 解) narrow passage extending from the middle ear to the throat 耳咽管; 欧氏管: The child has earache caused by blocked Eustachian tubes. 这孩子因耳咽管堵塞而引起耳痛. =>illus at ear  见ear之插图.
euthanasia
/ 9ju:WE5neIzIE; ?@ -5neIVE; 9juWE`neVE/ n [U] (bringing about of a) gentle and painless death for a person suffering from a painful incurable disease, extreme old age, etc 安乐死（术）; 安死术: It is against the law for doctors to practise euthanasia, ie to kill patients to prevent suffering. 医生施行安死术是违法的.
evacuate
/ I5vAkjUeIt; I`vAkjJ9et/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from...) (to...) remove sb from a place of danger to a safer place, esp in time of war 将某人移往较安全处（尤指战时）; 疏散: The children were evacuated to the country when the city was being bombed. 城市遭到轰炸时, 儿童都疏散到乡下去了.  2 [Tn] (esp military 尤用於军事) leave or withdraw from (a place) esp because of danger 撤离（某处）（尤指因危险）: The soldiers evacuated the area as the enemy advanced. 敌军推进时, 士兵都撤出了那地区. * The region near the erupting volcano was evacuated rapidly. 火山爆发处附近已迅速撤空.  3 [Tn, Tn.pr] (fml 文) ~ sth (of sth) empty (esp the bowels) of their contents 排空（尤指肠）.
evacuation
/ I9vAkjU5eIFn; I9vAkjJ`eFEn/ n  1 [U] act of evacuating or state of being evacuated 疏散; 撤离; 排空: the evacuation of thousands of people after a flood 洪水过後成千上万人离乡背井 * the evacuation of a town 城市的撤空.  2 [C] instance of this 疏散; 撤离; 排空.
evacuee
/ I9vAkjU5i:; I`vAkjJ9i/ n person who is evacuated (evacuate 1) 被疏散者: evacuees from the battle area 来自战区的逃难者.
evade
/ I5veId; I`ved/ v [Tn]  1 get or keep out of the way of (sb/sth) 躲开, 避开（某人[某事物]）: evade the police, an attack, an enemy 躲避警察、 袭击、 敌人.  2 find a way of not doing (sth, esp sth that legally or morally ought to be done); avoid 逃避（尤指法律或道德上的责任）: evade military service 逃避兵役 * evade capture by the police 躲避警方的追捕.  3 avoid answering (a question) fully or honestly 回避如实的答覆（问题）: The policeman evaded all the difficult questions. 那警察回避了所有难以答覆的问题.
evaluate
/ I5vAljUeIt; I`vAljJ9et/ v [Tn] find out or form an idea of the amount or value of (sb/sth); assess 评价, 估计, 评估（某人[某事物]）: (fml 文) evaluate her chances of success 估计她成功的机会 * I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 我没有看到他的工作情况, 无法评论他的能力. 
evaluation
/ I9vljU5eIFn; I9vAljJ`eFEn/ n [C, U].
evanescent
/ 9i:vE5nesnt; ?@ 9ev-; 9ZvE`nZsnt/ adj (fml 文) quickly fading; soon disappearing from memory 迅速消失的; 不久便淡忘的: as evanescent as snowflakes on a river 如雪花落入河中, 瞬即消失 * a pop singer's evanescent fame 流行歌曲演唱者一瞬即逝的声誉.
evanescence
/ -sns; -sns/ n [U].
evangelical
/ 9i:vAn5dVelIkl; 9ivAn`dVZlIkl/ adj  1 of or according to the teachings of the Christian Gospel, or the Christian religion 福音的; 根据福音的.  2 of a Protestant group which believes that the soul can be saved only by faith in Christ 福音派新教会的.
evangelical 
n member of this group 福音派新教信徒.
evangelicalism
/ -ElIzEm; -ElIzEm/ n [U] evangelical(2) beliefs and teachings 福音派新教会的信仰与教义.
evangelize, evangelise
/ I5vAndVElaIz; I`vAndVE9laIz/ v [I, Tn] (a) (fml 文) preach or spread the Christian gospel to (sb) with the aim of converting 宣讲福音使（某人）皈依基督教. (b) try to win support from (sb) for a cause 争取（某人）支持某事: Health food supporters are always evangelizing. 喜爱保健食品的人总爱劝别人都吃保健食品.
evangelist
/ I5vAndVElIst; I`vAndVElIst/ n  1 any one of the four writers (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) of the Gospels in the Bible 四福音书作者（马太、 马可、 路加、 约翰）.  2 preacher of the Gospel, esp one who travels around holding evangelical(2) religious meetings 福音传道者; （尤指）布道家: converted to Christianity by a fervent American evangelist 受虔诚的美国布道家感化而皈依基督教 
evangelism 
n [U]. evangelistic/ I9vndVE5lIstIk; I9vAndVE`lIstIk/ adj.
evaporate
/ I5vApEreIt; I`vApE9ret/ v  1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) change into vapour and disappear （使某物）蒸发掉: The water soon evaporated in the sunshine. 水在阳光下不久就蒸发了. * Heat evaporates water into steam. 水受热变成水蒸气. =>Usage at water1 用法见water1.  2 [I] (fig 比喻) be lost or cease to exist 消失; 不复存在: His hopes evaporated, ie he no longer felt any hope.他的希望破灭了. 
evaporation
/ I9vpE5reIFn; I9vApE`reFEn/ n [U].
evaporated milk 
thick unsweetened milk, usu bought in tins, which has had some of the liquid removed by evaporation 淡炼乳（通常为罐装）: The pudding was made with evaporated milk. 这布丁是用淡炼乳做的.
evasion
/ I5veIVn; I`veVEn/ n  1 [C, U] keeping out of the way of sb; avoidance 躲避某人; 规避; 逃避: the burglar's evasion of the police 窃贼躲避警察 * evasion of responsibility 逃避责任 * He's been accused of tax evasion. 他被控逃税.  2 [C] statement, excuse, etc made to avoid fully answering a question （避免如实回答问题的）遁辞, 借口, 推托: His answers to my questions were nothing but clever evasions. 他回答我的问题时顾左右而言他.
evasive
/ I5veIsIv; I`vesIv/ adj  1 (a) having the aim or intention of avoiding capture, of not giving a direct answer, etc 躲避的; 逃避的; 推诿的: evasive tactics 规避战术 * Her manner was always very evasive; she would never look straight at me. 她的样子总是躲躲闪闪的, 从来不正眼看我. (b) not direct or straightforward 不直接的; 不坦率的; 转弯抹角的: an evasive answer to a question 对问题躲躲闪闪的答覆.  2 (idm 习语) take evasive action (esp of a plane, ship, etc in war) do sth in order to avoid danger, etc （尤指在战争中飞机、 军舰等的）规避动作（以避免危险）: The pilot took evasive action to avoid a collision with the enemy aircraft. 驾驶员采取规避动作以免与敌机相撞. * (joc 谑) Stephen didn't want to see his sister, so he quickly took evasive action and hid under the bed. 斯蒂芬不愿见他的姐姐, 便立即采取规避动作, 藏到床底下去了. 
evasively 
adv. 
evasiveness 
n [U]: Politicians are often accused of evasiveness. 政客常因左右言他而受人指责.
Eve
/ i:v; iv/ n (in the Bible story of the Creation) the first woman on earth, created by God 夏娃（《圣经》故事《创世纪》中上帝造的第一个女人）: Adam and Eve 亚当和夏娃.
eve
/ i:v; iv/ n  1 day or evening before a religious festival or holiday （宗教节日或假日的）前日, 前夕: Christmas Eve, ie 24 Dec 圣诞节前夕（12月24日） * New Year's Eve, ie 31 Dec 除夕（12月31日）.  2 time just before an important event 重大事件即将发生的时刻; 前夕: the eve of the election 选举前夕 * on the eve of the race 比赛前夕.  3 (arch 古) evening 傍晚: a perfect summer eve 美丽的夏日黄昏.
even
/ 5i:vn; `ivEn/ adj  1 level; smooth; flat 平的; 平滑的; 平坦的: the most even part of the golf course 高尔夫球场最平坦的地方 * A billiard-table must be perfectly even. 台球桌必须十分平.  2 unchanging in quality; regular; steady 均匀的; 有规律的; 稳定的: This wine cellar stays at an even temperature all year round. 这个酒窖常年保持恒温. * an even colour 均匀的颜色 * even breathing 均匀的呼吸 * The child's pulse is now even. 孩子的脉搏现在稳定了.  3 (a) (of amounts, distances, values) equal （指数量、 距离、 价值等）相等的: Our scores are now even. 我们的分数现在相等了. * The two horses were even in the race. 那两匹马比赛成绩相当. (b) (of two people or things) equally balanced or matched （指两个人或物）均衡的; 不相上下的: I'd say the two players are pretty even. 我认为这两个选手不相上下. * an even game 平局.  4 (of numbers) divisible by two with no remainder （指数目）偶数的: 4, 6, 8, 10, etc are even numbers. 4、 6、 8、 10等是偶数. Cf 参看 odd.  5 (of temperament, etc) not easily upset; calm （指性情等）稳定的, 温和的: of an even disposition 性情平和的 * She has a very even temper. 她的性情非常温和. * an even-tempered baby 温顺的婴儿.  6 (idm 习语) an even `chance (of doing sth) an equally balanced probability (of sth happening or not) （某事发生与否的）可能性相等: I'd say he has an even chance of winning the match. 我认为她赢这场比赛有一半的机会. be/get even (with sb) have/get one's revenge on sb 向（某人）报复: Bill swore he'd get even with his brother, who'd played a dirty trick on him. 比尔上了哥哥的当, 发誓要报复. break `even make neither a loss nor a profit 不赔不赚: It will be a year before the firm makes a profit but at least it's breaking even. 这家公司一年以後才能赢利, 现在至少已不赔不赚了. even `chances/`odds/`money (also evens) (a) (in betting) equal probability of a horse, etc winning or losing （下赌注时）（赛马等）输赢的可能性相等: It's even money whether the new horse comes first or last. 这匹新马跑得最快或最慢的可能性是相同的. (b) equal probability of sth happening or not happening 某事发生与否的可能性相等: It's even odds/The odds are even that he'll be late. 他有一半的可能性要迟到. honours are even => honour1. on an even `keel (a) (of a ship) without movement to one side or the other （指船）不倾斜, 平稳. (b) (fig 比喻) maintaining steady undisturbed progress (in life) （生活）稳定: It took him a long time to get back on an even keel after his wife died. 他妻子死後很久他情绪才稳定下来.  7 (phr v) even out become level or regular 变得平坦或稳定: The path ran steeply up the hill and then evened out. 这条路很陡, 到山上就平坦了. * House prices keep rising and falling but they will eventually even out. 房价有涨有落, 但终会稳定的. even sth out spread sth evenly over a period of time or among a number of people 将某事物平均分散到某段时间或分配给每个人: Payments can be evened out on a monthly basis over the year. 全部款项可以在一年中按月平均交纳. * The manager tried to even out the distribution of work among his employees. 经理把工作尽量平均分配给雇员. even (sth) up (cause sth to) become even or equal （使某事物）平均或相等: That will even things up a bit, ie make them more equal. 那样就平均一些了.
evenly 
adv in an even manner 平坦地; 均匀地; 稳定地; 相等地: evenly balanced/matched 全部平衡的[相称的] * evenly divided/distributed 平均分开的[分配的].
evenness
/ 5i:vEnnIs; `ivEnnIs/ n [U].
even-handed 
adj fair and impartial 公平的; 不偏不倚的: ,even-handed `justice 公平的审判.
even
/ 5i:vn; `ivEn/ adv  1 (used to emphasize sth unexpected or surprising in what one is saying, or to invite a comparison with what might have happened, etc 用以加强出乎意料的语气或进而比较可能发生的事) 甚至; 连; 都; 即使: He never even `opened the letter, ie so he certainly didn't read it. 他甚至都没把信打开. * He didn't answer even `my letter, ie so he certainly didn't answer any others. 他连我的信都不回. * It was cold there even in Ju`ly, ie so it must have been very cold in winter. 那里即使七月份都很冷. * Even a child can understand the book, ie so adults certainly can. 甚至连孩子都看得懂这本书.  2 (used to emphasize a comparative 用以加强比较级的语气) still; yet 甚至; 还: You know even less about it than I do. 你对此事知道得比我还少. * Sally drives fast, but Olive drives even faster. 萨莉开车开得很快, 奥利夫开得更快. * She's even more intelligent than her sister. 她甚至比姐姐还聪明.  3 (used to add force to a more exact or precise version of a word, phrase, etc 用以强调某词语的更精确的说法) 甚至可以说; 其实: It's an unattractive building, even ugly/ugly even. 这座建筑物很不起眼, 甚至可以说很难看.  4 (idm 习语) even a worm will turn => worm. even as (fml 文) (used as a compound conj 用作复合连词) just at the same time when (sb does sth, sth else happens) 正当; 恰恰: Even as he shouted the warning the car skidded. 就在他高喊注意的时候, 汽车滑动了. even if/though (used as conjs 用作连词) in spite of the fact or belief that; no matter whether 即使; 纵然; 尽管: Even if I have to walk all the way I'll get there. 即使我得一路走著去, 我也要走到那里. * I like her even though she can be annoying. 尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她. ,even `now/`then (a) in addition to previously; in spite of what has/had happened, etc 即使到这时: I've shown him the photographs but even now he won't believe me. 虽然我已给他看了照片, 他还是不相信我. * Even then he would not admit his mistake. 即使在这种情况下, 他还不承认错误. (b) (fml 文) (with continuous tenses only, often between the aux and the main v 仅用於进行时态, 常置於助动词与主要动词之间) at this or that precise moment 恰恰在这时: The troops are even now preparing to march into the city. 部队恰恰在这时准备开进城去. ,even `so (used as a conj 用作连词) in spite of that; nevertheless 尽管如此; 然而; 不过: There are many spelling mistakes; even so it's quite a good essay. 这篇文章有许多拼写错误, 然而仍不失之为好文章.
evening
/ 5i:vnIN; `ivnIN/ n  1 [C, U] part of the day between about 6p.m. and bedtime 晚上; 晚间: I'll come round tomorrow evening. 我明天晚上来. * We were at home yesterday evening. 我们昨天晚上在家. * One warm summer evening.../On a warm summer evening... 在夏天一个温暖的夜晚... * In the evening I usually read. 晚上我常常看书. * Let's meet on Sunday evening. 咱们星期日晚上见吧. * [attrib 作定语] the evening show 晚上的节目.  2 [C] outing or party of a specified type, happening in the evening 晚间的外出活动; 晚会: A theatre evening (ie an evening at the theatre) has been arranged. 已安排好一个戏剧晚会. * musical evenings, ie evenings especially for listening to or playing music 音乐晚会.  3 (fig fml 比喻, 文) the last part (esp of one's life) 最後部分; （尤指）晚年, 暮年: in the evening of his life 在他的晚年. =>Usage at morning 用法见morning.
evening dress  
1 [U] clothes worn for formal occasions in the evening 晚礼服: Everyone was in evening dress. 大家都穿著晚礼服.  2 [C] a woman's (long) formal dress 女装晚礼服: All the evening dresses were beautiful. 所有的女装晚礼服都很漂亮.
evening paper 
newspaper published after midday 晚报: the local evening paper 地方的晚报.
evening prayer 
= evensong.
evening primrose 
plant with pale yellow flowers that open in the evenings 月见草: Oil of evening primrose is used as a herbal medicine. 月见草油可用作草药.
the evening star 
planet (Venus or Mercury) seen in the Western sky after sunset 昏星（即金星或水星）.
evensong
/ 5i:vnsCN; `ivEn9sRN/ (also evening prayer) n service of evening prayer in the Church of England （英国国教的）晚祷: We attended evensong as well as morning service. 我们参加了晚祷和晨祷.
event
/ I5vent; I`vZnt/ n  1 thing that happens, esp sth important; incident 事情; （尤指）大事, 事件: one of the chief events of 1964  1964年的主要大事之一 * the chain (ie sequence) of events that led to the Prime Minister's resignation 导致首相辞职的一连串事件 * It was quite an event when a woman first became prime minister. 首次由女人任首相倒是件大事. =>Usage at occurrence 用法见occurrence.  2 any of the races, competitions, etc in a sports programme （体育运动的）比赛项目: Which events have you entered for? 你参加了哪几项比赛? * The 800m is the fourth event of the afternoon. 800米赛是下午的第四项比赛.  3 (idm 习语) at `all events/in `any event whatever happens; in any case 不管发生什麽事; 在任何情况下; 无论如何: In any event, the worst that she can do is say `no'. 不管怎样, 她大不了就是说个｀不＇字. be wise after the event => wise. in `either event whichever (of two things) happens （两件事情中）无论发生哪件事: In either event, I'll be there to support you. 无论这样或那样, 我都支持你. a happy event => happy. in `that event if that happens 如果那种情况发生; 如果是那样的话: You could be right, and in that event they'll have to pay you back. 可能是你对, 那样的话, 他们就得把钱还你. in the e`vent as it in fact happened; as it turned out 结果; 到头来: I was worried about the hotel bill, but in the event I had enough money to pay. 我一直担心旅馆的费用, 结果我的钱足够. in the event of sth (fml 文) if sth happens 万一; 倘若: in the event of an accident 万一发生事故 * In the event of his death Sheila will inherit the money. 一旦他故去, 希拉就会继承这笔钱. a/the turn of events => turn2.
eventful
/ -fl; -fEl/ adj full of memorable or notable events 有许多大事的: He's had an eventful life. 他一生 中有很多大事. * an eventful year 有许多大事的一年.
eventide
/ 5i:vntaId; `ivEn9taId/ n (arch 古) evening 晚上; 晚间.
eventide home 
home for elderly people 老年人之家.
eventing
/ I5ventIN; I`vZntIN/ n [U] (esp Brit) sport of taking part in horse-riding competitions, esp three-day events involving cross-country riding, jumping and dressage 马术比赛运动（尤指历时三日的项目, 包括越野、 跳越障碍、 花式训马）.
eventual
/ I5ventFUEl; I`vZntFJEl/ adj [attrib 作定语] happening at last as a result; ultimate 最後的; 最终的: his foolish behaviour and eventual failure 他的愚蠢行为和最後的失败.
eventuality
/ I9ventFU5AlEtI; I9vZntFJ`AlEtI/ n [C] (fml 文) possible event or result 可能发生的事情; 可能出现的结果: We must consider every eventuality. 我们什麽事情都要考虑到.
eventually
/ -tFUElI; -tFUElI/ adv in the end; at last 最後; 终於: He fell ill and eventually died. 他患病而终於不治. * Eventually he tired of trying so hard. 他最後厌倦了这种艰苦的尝试.
ever
/ 5evE(r); `ZvL/ adv  1 (usu in negative sentences and questions, or sentences expressing doubt or condition; usu placed before the v 通常用於否定句和疑问句, 或用於含有表示怀疑或条件成分的句中, 通常置於动词之前) at any time 在任何时候; 从来: Nothing ever happens in this village. 这个村里从未发生过任何事. * Do you ever wish you were rich? 你曾希望过自己很富吗? * She seldom, if ever, goes to the cinema. 她难得看电影. * If you ever visit London, you must come and stay with us. 你要是到伦敦来, 一定要到我们这里住住.  2 (with the perfect tenses in questions 用於疑问句中的完成时态) at any time up to the present 曾; 曾经: `Have you ever flown a helicopter?' `No, never.' ｀你坐过直升飞机吗?＇｀没有, 从未坐过.＇ * `Have you ever seen an elephant?' `Yes I have.' ｀你见过大象吗?＇｀见过.＇ * I wondered if he'd ever stopped to think how I felt. 我不知道他是否曾考虑过我的感受. (Ever is rarely used in the answer: say either `Yes I have' or `No, never', etc. ever很少作回答用语, 回答时用`Yes, I have.'或`No, never.'等)  3 (with comparatives after than or with superlatives 与比较级的词连用, 置於than之後; 或与最高级的词连用) at any time (before/up till now) 在任何时候（之前[直至现在]）: It's raining harder than ever. 雨下得更大了. * This is the best work you've ever done. 这是你所做的最好的工作. * He hated her more than ever, when he got that letter. 他接到那封信後, 越发憎恨她了.  4 ever- (in compounds 用以构成复合词) always, continuously 总是; 不停地: the ever-growing problem * the ever-increasing cost of food.  5 (infml dated 口, 旧) (after as...as, as an intensifier 用於as ... as之後以加强语气): Work as hard as ever you can! 尽你最大努力工作!  6 (used after when, where, etc 用於when、 where等之後): When/Where/How ever did you lose it? 你究竟在什麽时候[什麽地方/怎麽]把它弄丢的? * What ever do you mean? 你到底是什麽意思?  7 (idm 习语) (as) bad, good, etc as `ever; (as) badly, well, etc as `ever bad, badly, etc to the same degree as before (usu surprisingly so) 和以前一样坏、 好...（通常含惊讶之意）: Despite the good weather forecast, the next morning was as wet as ever. 尽管预报称天气很好, 但次日上午仍阴雨绵绵. * He broke his arm last year but he plays the piano as skilfully as ever. 他去年胳膊折了, 但现在弹起钢琴来仍像以前那样自如. did you ever (...)! (infml 口) (used as part of a rhetorical question or used alone to express surprise, indignation, disbelief, etc 用於反问句或单独使用, 表示惊讶、 愤怒、 怀疑等): Did you ever hear such nonsense! 你听过这种胡言乱语吗! * It cost 50p to go to the toilet; well, did you `ever! 去一趟厕所要50便士; 哼, 真是闻所未闻! ever and anon (dated or fml 旧或文) several times, at regular intervals 几次; 一阵一阵地. ever more (fml 文) increasingly; more and more 越发地; 越来越: She became ever more nervous as the interview continued. 她在面试过程中越来越紧张. ever since (...) continuously since (a specified time) 自从: ever since I was at school 自从我上学以来. ever so/ever such (a) (infml 口 esp Brit) very; to a very great degree 非常; 在极大程度上: He's ever so rich. 他很富. * ever such a handsome man 非常漂亮的男子. for ever and `ever (rhet or joc 修辞或谑): Once he gets a drink in his hand he's here for ever and ever. 他手里一有了酒就永远也动不了地方了. if ,ever there `was one of that there is no doubt; that is certainly true 无可置疑; 确实: That was a fine meal if ever there was one! 那确实是一顿丰盛的饭! yours `ever/ever `yours (infml 口) (sometimes used at the end of a letter, before the signature 有时用於书信结尾处的签字前).
evergreen
/ 5evEgri:n; `ZvL9^rin/ n, adj (tree, shrub) having green leaves throughout the year 常绿的（树）: The pine, cedar and spruce are evergreens. 松树、 雪松、 云杉都是常绿的树. Cf 参看 deciduous. =>illus atApp 1 见附录1之插图, page i.
everlasting
/ 9evE5lB:stIN; ?@ -5lAst-; 9ZvL`lAstIN/ adj  1 going on or lasting for ever 永久的; 永恒的: everlasting fame, glory 永久的声誉、 光荣 * everlasting life 永生.  2 lasting a long time 持久的: everlasting flowers, ie flowers keeping shape and colour when dried 乾後形状和颜色不变的花.  3 (derog 贬) repeated too often; lasting too long 多次重复的; 持续过长的: I'm tired of his everlasting complaints. 我厌倦了他没完没了的抱怨.  4 the Everlasting God 上帝.
everlastingly 
adv (infml 口) in an everlasting(3) manner 多次重复地; 持续过长地: everlastingly complaining 喋喋不休地抱怨.
evermore
/ 9evE5mR:(r); 9ZvL`mRr/ adv for ever; always 永久; 永远: for evermore 永远地.
every
/ 5evrI; `ZvrI/ indef det  1 (a) (used with sing [C] ns to refer to groups of three or more which are seen as wholes 与单数可数名词连用, 指至少三个, 视为一整体) each individual 每个; 所有的; 一切的: Every child in the class passed the examination. 班上所有的学生考试都及格了. * I've got every record she has ever made. 我已得到她灌的所有的唱片. * I couldn't hear every word of his speech. 他讲的话并非每句我都能听见. * He examined every item in the set carefully. 他仔细检查了这一套中的各项. (b) (used with sing [C] ns to emphasize the separate units 与单数可数名词连用, 侧重指各单项) each individual 每个; 每一; 各个: He enjoyed every minute of his holiday. 假日的每一分钟他都过得很愉快. * I have had to work for every single penny I earned. 我挣的每一便士都是辛苦工作得来的. * They were watching her every movement. 他们注视著她的每一个动作. * Every time he phones I always seem to be in the bath. 他每次来电话时, 我好像总是正在洗澡. =>Usage at each 用法见each.  2 (used with abstract ns 与抽象名词连用) all possible 所有可能的: We have every reason to think he may still be alive. 我们有充分理由认为他可能还活著. * You have every chance of success. 你完全有可能成功.  3 (used to indicate regular occurrence at specified intervals) each 每隔; 每逢; 每: The buses go every 10 minutes. 公共汽车每隔10分钟一辆.  4 (idm 习语) every other (a) all the other (people or things) 所有其他的（人或事物）: Every other girl except me is wearing jeans. 除了我以外, 其他姑娘都穿著牛仔裤. (b) alternate 隔, 间（如隔周、 间日等）: They visit us every other week. 他们隔周到我们这儿来.
everybody
/ 5evrIbCdI; `ZvrI9bBdI/ (also everyone / 5evrIwQn; `ZvrI9wQn/) indef pron every person; all people 每个人; 人人; 所有的人: The police questioned everybody in the room. 警察询问了室内所有的人. * It's impossible to remember everybody's name. 把每个人的名字都记住是不可能的. =>Usage at somebody 用法见somebody.
everyday
/ 5evrIdeI; `ZvrI`de/ adj [attrib 作定语] used or happening daily; familiar 每天使用的; 每天发生的; 熟悉的; 日常的; 平常的: an everyday occurrence 日常之事 * a compact dictionary for everyday use 日常使用的袖珍词典.
everyplace
/ 5evrIpleIs; `ZvrI9ples/ indef adv (US infml 口) = everywhere.
everything
/ 5evrIWIN; `ZvrI9WIN/ indef pron  1 all things 一切事物: Everything was destroyed. 一切都毁灭了. * I'll tell you everything I know. 我要把我知道的一切都告诉你.  2 the most important thing 最重要的事物: Money isn't everything. 金钱并不是最重要的.
everywhere
/ 5evrIweE(r); ?@ -hweE(r); `ZvrI9hwZr/ indef adv in or to every place 各处; 到处: I've looked everywhere. 我各处都看过了.
evict
/ I5vIkt; I`vIkt/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) remove (a tenant) from a house or land, esp with the support of the law 将（房客或佃户）逐出（尤指依法）: They were evicted from their flat for not paying the rent. 他们因不付房租而被赶出公寓.
eviction
/ I5vIkFn; I`vIkFEn/ n ~ (from sth)  1 [U] evicting or being evicted （对房客或佃户的）驱逐: He's had nowhere to live since his eviction. 他自从被驱逐出住所以来, 就一直无处栖身. * [attrib 作定语] an eviction order, ie an order to leave given by the courts （对房客或佃户的）驱逐令.  2 [C] instance of this （对房客或佃户的）驱逐事件: There have been four evictions from this street recently. 最近这条街上已有四宗驱逐房客事件.
evidence
/ 5evIdEns; `ZvEdEns/ n  1 [U] ~ (to do sth/that...) (esp law 尤用於法律) information that gives a reason for believing sth or proves sth 根据; 证据; 证词: There wasn't enough evidence to prove him guilty. 没有充分的证据证明他有罪. * Have you any evidence to support this statement? 你这种说法有根据吗? * His statement to the police was used in evidence against him. 他对警方说的话已用作指证他的证据. * A scientist must produce evidence in support of a theory. 科学家必须提出证据以支持其理论. * not a bit/piece/scrap/shred of evidence 没有一点[一项/丝毫/点滴]证据.  2 [U, C] indication or trace 迹象; 痕迹: The room bore evidence (ie showed signs) of a struggle. 这房间里有搏斗过的痕迹. * evidences of glacial action on the rocks 岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹.  3 (idm 习语) (be) in evidence clearly or easily seen 显而易见的; 清楚的; 明显的: He's the sort of man who likes to be very much in evidence at important meetings, ie who likes to be seen and noticed. 他是非常喜欢在重大会议上出风头的那种人. on the evidence of sth using sth as evidence 用某事物作为证据: On the evidence of their recent matches it's unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup. 从西班牙队最近的比赛情况来看, 他们难以在这一锦标赛中夺标. turn King's/Queen's `evidence (Brit) (US turn State's `evidence) (of a criminal) give evidence in court against one's partners in order to receive a less severe sentence oneself （指罪犯）作污点证人（告发同犯的）. weigh the evidence => weigh.
evidence 
v [Tn] (fml 文) prove (sth) by evidence; be evidence of 证明（某事物）: His answer evidenced a guilty conscience. 他的回答证明他良心有愧.
evident
/ 5evIdEnt; `ZvEdEnt/ adj ~ (to sb) (that...) obvious (to the eye or mind); clear 明显的; 明白的; 清楚的: It must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake. 你们一定很清楚, 他犯了错误. * He looked at his children with evident pride. 他看著自己的孩子, 充满自豪.
evidently 
adv obviously; it appears that 明显地; 显然: Evidently he has decided to leave. 显然他已决定要离开.
evidential
/ 9evI5denFl; 9ZvE`dZnFEl/ adj (fml 文) of, based on, or providing evidence 证据的; 凭证据的; 提供证据的: evidential proof 用作证据的证明.
evil
/ 5i:vl; `ivl/ adj  1 morally bad; wicked 道德败坏的; 邪恶的: evil thoughts 邪念 * an evil man 恶棍.  2 very unpleasant or harmful 令人不快的; 坏的; 有害的: an evil smell 难闻的气味 * an evil temper 坏脾气 * evil weather 恶劣的天气.  3 (idm 习语) the evil `day, `hour, etc time when sth unpleasant that one would like to avoid (but cannot) will happen 该著倒霉的日子、 时刻等: I know I need to go to the dentist but I've been putting off the evil day as long as possible. 我明知得去看牙, 却尽可能把这倒霉日子往後拖. (give sb) the evil `eye supposed power to harm people by a look or glance 恶毒的目光. the `Evil One (dated 旧) the Devil 魔鬼; 恶魔. an evil `tongue tendency to say malicious things about people 说人坏话的恶习: She has an evil tongue. 她爱说别人坏话. one's good/evil genius => genius. fall on evil days (fml 文) suffer hardship or misfortune 遭受苦难或不幸.
evil 
n (fml 文)  1 [U] wrongdoing or wickedness 罪恶; 邪恶; 恶行: the spirit of evil in man 人类的邪恶灵魂 * return good for evil 以德报怨 * speak no evil 不说坏话 * You cannot pretend there's no evil in the world. 不要以为世界上没有罪恶.  2 [C] evil thing; disaster 邪恶之事; 灾难: War, famine, and flood are terrible evils. 战争、 饥荒、 洪水都是可怕的灾难. * the evils of drink 饮酒的害处.  3 (idm 习语) the lesser of two evils => lesser. a necessary evil => necessary.
evilly
/ 5i:vElI; `ivlI/ adv in an evil manner 邪恶地; 坏; 有害地: He eyed her evilly. 他狠狠地看著她.
evildoer 
n [C] (fml 文) person who does evil 作恶的人; 坏人: thieves, murderers and other evildoers 盗贼、 谋杀者和其他犯罪分子.
evil-minded 
adj having evil thoughts and desires 有邪念的; 恶毒的; 狠毒的: a wicked, ,evil-minded old `man�邪恶的、 狠毒的老头.
evince
/ I5vIns; I`vIns/ v [Tn] (fml 文) show clearly that one has (a feeling, quality, etc); exhibit 表现出（感情、 特性等）表明; 显示: a child who evinces great intelligence 表现出有极高智力的儿童 * evincing powers of recovery 显示出复原的生理机能.
eviscerate
/ I5vIsEreIt; I`vIsE9ret/ v [Tn] (fml 文) remove the internal organs of (a body); disembowel 切除内脏; 切除器官内容物.
evocative
/ I5vCkEtIv; I`vBkEtIv/ adj ~ (of sth) that evokes or is able to evoke memories, feelings, etc (of sth) 引起回忆的; 唤起感情的: That smell is evocative of school. 这种气味使人回想起学校来. * evocative words 引起回忆或感情的话.
evoke
/ I5vEUk; I`vok/ v [Tn]  1 bring to mind (a feeling, memory, etc); summon up 引起或唤起（感情、 记忆等）: The music evoked memories of her youth. 这乐曲勾起她对青年时期的回忆.  2 (fml 文) produce or cause (a response, reaction, etc) 产生或引起（回应、 反应等）: evoke admiration, surprise, interest, sympathy, etc 产生羡慕之情、 惊讶、 兴趣、 同情心等 * Her speech evoked great anger. 她的讲话引起极大愤慨. 
evocation
/ 9i:vEU5keIFn; 9ivo`keFEn/ n [C, U] (fml 文).
evolution
/ 9i:vE5lu:Fn; ?@ 9ev-; 9ZvE`luFEn/ n  1 [U] (biology 生) (theory of the) gradual development of the characteristics of plants and animals over many generations, esp the development of more complicated forms from earlier, simpler forms 进化; 进化论: Darwin's theory of evolution 达尔文的进化论.  2 [U] process of gradually developing; evolving 演化; 演进; 演变; 发展; 开展; 发育: the evolution of farming methods 耕种方法的演进 * In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution, ie gradual development to sudden violent change. 在政治上, 英国喜欢渐进而不喜欢革命.  3 [C] (fml 文) (of troops, warships, dancers, etc) movement according to plan （部队、 军舰、 跳舞者等）按照计划的行动或动作.
evolutionary
/ 9i:vE5lu:FEnrI; ?@ 9evE5lu:FEnerI;9ZvE`luFEn9ZrI/ adj (fml 文) of or resulting from (the theory of) evolution; developing 进化的; 由进化产生的; 进化论的; 发展的: evolutionary processes 进化过程.
evolve
/ I5vClv; I`vBlv/ v  1 [I, Tn] (fml 文) (cause to) develop naturally and (usu) gradually （使）逐渐形成: The American constitution was planned; the British constitution evolved. 美国宪法是精心制定的, 英国宪法是约定俗成的. * He has evolved a new theory after many years of research. 他经过多年的研究, 逐渐总结出了新的理论.  2 [I] (biology 生) (of plants, animals, etc) gradually develop from a simple form to a more complex one （指植物、 动物等）进化: Many Victorians were shocked by the notion that Man had evolved from lower forms of life. 在维多利亚时代, 许多人对於人是由低级生物进化而来的见解大为震惊.
ewe
/ ju:; ju/ n female sheep 母羊; 雌羊; 牝羊. =>illus at sheep 见 sheep 之插图. Cf 参看 lamb 1, ram 1, tup.
ewer
/ 5ju:E(r); `juL/ n large wide-mouthed jug for holding water, esp as formerly used with a basin in a bedroom without a piped water supply 大口水罐（尤指旧时无自来水时, 在卧室里与面盆共用者）.
ex
/ eks; Zks/ n (infml 口) (pl ~es, ~'s) former wife or husband; former boyfriend or girlfriend 前妻或前夫; 以前的男朋友或女朋友: My ex shares custody of the children. 我原先的配偶分担照顾孩子的责任. * He is one of her many exes. 他是她以前众多的男友之一.
ex
/ eks; Zks/ prep  1 (commerce 商) (of goods etc) as sold from (a ship, factory, etc) excluding cost of delivery to the buyer （指货物等）从（船上、 工厂等处）交货（不包括运给买主的费用）: ex warehouse price 仓库交货价.  2 excluding (sth); not included 除（某事物）外; 不包括; 不; 无; 未: ex dividend, ie not including a dividend that is about to be paid 除去红利 * an ex-directory number 未列入电话簿的电话号码.
ex-
pref 前缀 (used widely with ns 可与许多名词结合) former 以前的: ex-wife * ex-President * ex-convict.
ex gratia
/ 9eks 5greIFE; Zks`^reFE/ (Latin 拉) done or given as a favour; not from (esp legal) obligation 作为恩惠; 非出於（尤指法律上的）义务: an ex gratia payment 特惠金.
ex officio
/ 9eks E5fIFIEU; 9Zk sE`fIFI9o/ because of one's position, office or rank 由於职位或职权: an ex officio member of the committee 当然委员 * present at the meeting ex officio 依照职权而出席会议.
ex-directory
/ 9eks dI5rektErI; 9ZksdE`rZktErI/ adj (US unlisted) (of a telephone number) not listed in the telephone directory at the wish of the phone-owner (for reasons of security, privacy, etc) （指电话号码）未列入电话簿的（用户授意为安全、 私用等而不列入者）: an ex-directory number 未列入电话簿的电话号码 * go ex-directory because of hoax telephone calls 因有电话骚扰而不将电话号码列入电话簿中.
ex-service
/ 9eks5s\:vIs; `Zks`s[vIs/ adj formerly belonging to the armed forces 退役的; 退伍的.
ex-serviceman
/ -mEn; -mEn/ (pl -men / -mEn;-mEn/), ex-servicewoman / -wUmEn; -9wJmEn/ (pl -women / -wImIn; -9wImIn/) n (esp Brit) person who was formerly in one of the armed services 退伍军人; 复员军人: an ex-servicemen's organization 退伍军人协会.
exacerbate
/ Ig5zAsEbeIt; I^`zAsL9bet/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make (pain, disease, a situation) worse; aggravate 使（疼痛、 疾病、 情形）恶化; 加剧: Scratching exacerbates a skin rash. 皮疹搔後会恶化. * Her mother's interference exacerbated the difficulties in their marriage. 她母亲从中干预使他们的婚姻雪上加霜. 
exacerbation
/ Ig9zsE5beIFn; I^9zAsL`beFEn/ n [U].
exact
/ Ig5zAkt; I^`zAkt/ adj  1 correct in every detail; precise 正确的; 准确的; 精确的: What were his exact words? 他的原话是怎麽说的? * I don't know the exact size of the room. 我不知道这个房间的确切面积. * He's in his mid-fifties; well, fifty-six to be exact (ie more accurately). 他五十多岁; 嗯, 确切地说是五十六岁.  2 capable of being precise and accurate 严谨的; 精密的: an exact scholar 治学严谨的学者 * She's a very exact person. 她是个一丝不苟的人. * the exact sciences, ie those in which absolute precision is possible, eg mathematics 精密科学（如数学）.
exactitude
/ Ig5zAktItju:d; ?@ -tu:d; I^`zAktE9tud/ n [U] (fml 文) over-correctness 极端的正确性或精确性: He spoke with pompous exactitude. 他以自视绝对正确的口吻说话.
exactly 
adv  1 quite; just 正; 恰恰: That's exactly what I expected. 那正是我想望的. * You've arrived at exactly the right moment. 你到得正是时候.  2 in precise detail; correctly 精确地; 正确地: Your answer is exactly right. 你回答得完全正确. * Where exactly were you in France? 你当时在法国的什麽地方?  3 (as a reply or confirmation 用作答语或表示赞同用语) just so; you are quite right 确实如此; 完全正确: `So she wants to sell the house and move to London.' `Exactly.' ｀那麽说, 她是想把房子卖掉, 搬到伦敦去.＇｀对.＇  4 (idm 习语) not exactly (infml ironic 口, 反语) by no means 决不; 一点也不: He wasn't exactly pleased to see us; in fact he refused to open the door. 他根本不愿见我们, 其实他连门都不开.
exactness 
n [U].
exact
/ Ig5zAkt; I^`zAkt/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) (a) demand and enforce the payment of sth 强索费用: exact payment (from a client) 逼迫（委托人）付款 * The kidnappers exacted a ransom of 10000 from the family. 绑架者向这家人家勒索10000英镑的赎金. (b) insist on and obtain sth 坚持要得到某事物: exact obedience from one's staff 坚持要全体工作人员服从.  2 [Tn] (of work, circumstances, etc) make (sth) necessary; require （指工作、 环境等）使（某事物）不可或缺; 要求; 需要: (fml 文) Her work exacts great care and attention to detail. 她的工作需要极为细心, 一丝不苟.
exacting 
adj making great demands; requiring great effort 苛求的; 严格的; 需极努力的: an exacting teacher 严师 * an exacting piece of work 费力的工作.
exaction
/ Ig5zAkFn; I^`zAkFEn/ n (fml 文)  1 (a) [U] action of exacting money, etc （对金钱等的）强索, 强求: the exaction of income tax 强徵所得税. (b) [C] something that is exacted, esp a tax that is considered to be too high 强索之物; （尤指）苛税: unreasonable exactions 不合理的苛捐杂税.  2 [C] great demand (on one's time, strength, etc) （对某人时间、 精力等的）极大需求: the exactions of a senior post in government 在政府中任高职要日理万机.
exaggerate
/ Ig5zAdVEreIt; I^`zAdVE9ret/ v [I, Tn] make (sth) seem larger, better, worse, etc than it really is; stretch (a description) beyond the truth 夸张; 夸大; 言过其实: He always exaggerates to make his stories more amusing. 他总爱添枝加叶, 把故事讲得更有趣. * You are exaggerating the difficulties. 你把困难夸大了. * That dress exaggerates her height. 她穿那件连衣裙显得高了.
exaggerated 
adj (a) made to seem larger, better, worse, etc than it really is 夸张的; 夸大的; 言过其实的: a highly exaggerated version of the incident 对那件小事极为夸张的说法 * He has an exaggerated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高. (b) produced, stated, etc in a false or an unnatural way; distorted 虚假的; 不自然的;歪曲的: an exaggerated laugh 矫揉造作的笑声 * a clown's exaggerated make-up 对丑角过火的化装 * with exaggerated politeness 虚情假意的礼貌. 
exaggeratedly 
adv.
exaggeration
/ Ig9zAdVE5reIFn; I^9zAdVE`reFEn/ n  1 [U] action of exaggerating 夸张; 夸大; 言过其实.  2 [C] exaggerated description, statement, etc 夸张的描述、 说法等: a story full of exaggerations 通篇夸夸其谈的故事.
exalt
/ Ig5zR:lt; I^`zRlt/ v [Tn] (fml 文)  1 make (sb) higher in rank or greater in power 提升, 提拔（某人）.  2 praise (sb) highly 高度赞扬（某人）. 
exalted 
adj (fml or joc 文或谑): a person of exalted rank 地位高的人 * from his exalted position in the firm 从他在公司的高职位上.
exaltation
/ 9egzR:l5teIFn; 9Z^zRl`teFEn/ n [U] state of spiritual delight; elation 兴奋; 得意洋洋; 兴高采烈.
exam
/ Ig5zAm; I^`zAm/ n (infml 口) examination(2) 考试: school exams 学校的考试.
examination
/ Ig9zAmI5neIFn; I^9zAmE`neFEn/ n  1 [U] action of examining; being examined 检查; 调查; 被检查: Careful examination of the ruins revealed new evidence. 仔细检查了废墟後发现了新的证据. * On (ie As a result of) further examination it was found that the signature was not genuine. 经过进一步的调查发现签名不是真迹.  2 (also exam) [C] testing of knowledge or ability by means of questions, practical exercises, etc 考试: an examination in Physics 物理考试 * sit/take an examination, ie have one's knowledge tested by a written examination 参加考试 * pass/fail an examination, ie be/not be successful in an examination 考试及格[不及格] * an oral examination 口试 * an entrance examination, eg to test an applicant wishing to enter a school, college, etc 入学试 * [attrib 作定语] an examination paper, ie sheet(s) of paper with a list of questions set by an examiner 试卷.  3 [C] close inspection of sb/sth or inquiry into sth 检查; 查阅; 审查: a medical examination by a doctor 医生的诊察 * an examination of business accounts 对商业帐目的审查.  4 [C, U] (action of) questioning by a lawyer in a law court （在法庭上由律师进行的）讯问: a fresh examination of the witness 对证人的再次讯问 * After further examination by the prosecutionthe witness was allowed to leave the court. 证人经原告律师讯问後, 获准离开法庭.  5 (idm 习语) under exami`nation being examined 在检查中; 在调查中; 在审查中: The prisoner is still under examination. 囚犯仍在受审. * The proposals are still under examination, ie have not yet been approved. 提案仍在审查中.
examine
/ Ig5zAmIn; I^`zAmIn/ v [Tn, Tn.pr]  1 ~ sth/sb (for sth) (a) look at carefully in order to learn about or from; inspect closely 仔细观察; 检查; 调查; 审查: examine an old manuscript 仔细检查旧手稿 * examine facts, a theory, evidence, etc 查验事实、 理论、 证据等 * The detective examined the window frame for fingerprints. 侦探仔细查看窗框, 寻找指纹. (b) inspect carefully (a patient or part of his body) to check for disease 诊察; 诊视: have one's teeth examined for decay 诊察龋齿 * The doctor examined her patient carefully. 那位女医生仔细诊察病人.  2 ~ sb (in/on sth) (fml 文) test the knowledge or ability of sb by written or oralquestions 考, 测验（某人）: examine students in mathematics/ on their knowledge of mathematics 考学生数学.  3 (law 律) question (sb) formally in order to get information; interrogate 询问, 盘问, 审问, 讯问（某人）: examine a witness in a court of law 在法庭上讯问证人. Cf 参看 cross-examine.  4 (idm 习语) need, etc one's head examined => head1.
examinee
/ Ig9zAmI5ni:; I^9zAmE`ni/ n (fml 文) person being tested in an examination(2) 应考者; 被考者: Ten of the examinees were failed. 应考者有十名不及格.
examiner
/ Ig5zAmInE(r); I^`zAmInL/ n  1 person who tests knowledge or ability 主考人: He is one of the science examiners. 他是理科主考人之一.  2 (idm 习语) satisfy the examiners => satisfy.
example
/ Ig5zB:mpl; ?@ -5zAmpl; I^`zAmpl/ n  1 fact, event, etc that illustrates or represents a general rule 实例; 例证; 例子: This dictionary has many examples of how words are used. 这部词典有许多说明词语用法的实例. * That outburst was a typical example of his lack of self-control. 他那次发作是他缺乏自制力的典型事例.  2 specimen showing the quality of others in the same group or of the same kind 样品; 样本; 范例: This church is a fine example of Norman architecture. 这座教堂是典型的诺曼式建筑. * This is a good example of Shelley's lyric poetry. 这首诗是雪莱抒情诗的范例. * It is a classic example of how not to design a new city centre. 这对於设计新市中心是个最佳的反面教材.  3 [C, U] thing, person or quality that is worthy of imitation 榜样; 模范; 楷模: She was an example to the rest of the class. 她是全班的模范. * His bravery should be an example to all of us. 他的勇敢应作为我们大家学习的榜样. * learn by example 仿效.  4 warning 告诫; 警告: Let this be an example (ie May this punishment serve as a warning) to you. 你要以此为鉴戒.  5 (idm 习语) follow sb's example/lead => follow. for example (abbr 缩写 eg) by way of illustration 例如; 譬如: I know many women who have a career and a family  Alison for example. 我知道有许多妇女能事业家庭兼顾--艾莉森就是其中之一. make an example of sb punish (sb) as a warning to others 惩罚（某人）以警戒他人: The headmaster decided to make an example of the pupil and expel him from the school. 校长决定开除该生以儆效尤. set (sb) an example/set a good, bad, etc example (to sb) behave in a way worthy/not worthy of imitation (by sb) 树立好榜样[充当反面教员]: The headmistress likes to arrive early at school to set (the other teachers) an example, ie a good example. 那位女校长愿意早早到校, 以身作则（为其他教师树立好榜样）.
exasperate
/ Ig5zAspEreIt; I^`zAspE9ret/ v [Tn] irritate or annoy (sb) greatly 激怒, 触怒, 惹恼（某人）: That child exasperates me! 那孩子真让我生气! * She was exasperated at/by his stupidity. 她因为他愚笨而发怒.
exasperating 
adj extremely annoying 使人极恼怒的; 使人发火的: He's probably the most exasperating man I've ever met. 他大概是我见过的最让人恼火的人. * It's exasperating to run for a train and then miss it by half a minute. 跑著赶火车, 却差半分钟没赶上, 真气人. 
exasperatingly 
adv.
exasperation
/ Ig9zAspE5reIFn; I^9zAspE`reFEn/ n [U] state of being exasperated 愤怒; 恼怒; 恼火: `Stop that noise,' he cried out in exasperation. ｀不要发出那种噪音,＇他愤怒地大喊.
excavate
/ 5ekskEveIt; `ZkskE9vet/ v [Tn]  1 (fml 文) make (a hole or channel) by digging; remove (soil, etc) by digging 挖掘（洞或水道、 河床）; 掘出（土等）: excavate a trench 挖壕沟.  2 uncover or extract by digging (esp sth from earlier times) 发掘（尤指古物）: excavate a buried city, a Greek vase 发掘出一地下城市、 一希腊花瓶.
excavation
/ 9ekskE5veIFn; 9ZkskE`veFEn/ n  1 [U] activity of excavating 挖掘; 挖土; 发掘: Excavation of the site will begin tomorrow. 明天开始挖掘工作.  2 [C] excavations [pl] place that is being or has been excavated 挖掘的地方: visit the excavations 参观挖掘现场.
excavator 
n person engaged in or machine used forexcavating 挖掘者; 挖掘机: excavators on an archaeological site 考古场地上的挖掘者 * mechanical excavators 挖掘机.
exceed
/ Ik5si:d; Ik`sid/ v [Tn] (a) be greater or more numerous than (esp a quantity) 超过（尤指数量）: The price will not exceed 100. 价格不会超过100英镑. * The number admitted must not exceed 200. 容纳的数目不得超过200. * Their success exceeded all expectations, ie was greater than anyone expected. 他们的成功出乎一切预料. (b) go beyond what is allowed, necessary or advisable 超出（所允许的、 必需的或合理的）界线: exceed the speed limit, ie drive faster than is allowed 超速（超过驾驶速度限制） * exceed one's instructions/authority, ie do more than one has permission to do 越权.
exceedingly 
adv extremely; to an unusual degree 极端地; 非常; 极其: an exceedingly difficult problem 极其困难的问题.
excel
/ Ik5sel; Ik`sZl/ v (-ll-)  1 [Ipr] ~ in/at sth be exceptionally good at sth 擅长: excel in foreign languages 擅长外语 * The firm excels at producing cheap transistor radios. 该公司以生产廉价晶体管收音机见长.  2 (idm 习语) ex`cel oneself do better than ever before 胜过过去: His meals are always very good, but this time he's excelled himself. 他做的饭菜一直很拿手, 但这次做得更好. * (ironic 反语) So you've broken three windows today  you've really excelled yourself. 那麽, 你今天已经打碎三扇窗户了--真破了你以往的纪录了.
excellence
/ 5eksElEns; `ZkslEns/ n  1 [U] ~ (in/at sth) quality of being excellent; great merit 优秀; 卓越; 杰出: a prize for excellence in furniture design 家具设计优秀奖 * known for excellence in/at all forms of sport 因精於各项体育运动而知名.  2 [C] (fml 文) thing or quality in which a person excels 优点; 长处: They do not recognize her many excellences. 他们无视她的各种长处.
par excellence
/ 9pB:r 5eksElB:ns; ?@ 9eksE5lB:ns; pBr`ZksE9lBns/ adv (French 法) (used after a n 用於名词後) more than all others of its kind; to the highest degree 出众地; 超群地; 最高级: He is the elder statesman par excellence. 他是最优秀的年长的国务活动家. * the fashionable quarter par excellence 上流社会高级住宅区.
Excellency
/ 5eksElEnsI; `ZkslEnsI/ n title given to ambassadors, governors, their husbands or wives, and some other officers and officials 阁下（对大使或总督本人或其配偶以及其他官员的敬称）: Your/His/Her Excellency 阁下 * His Excellency the French Ambassador 法国大使阁下.
excellent
/ 5eksElEnt; `ZkslEnt/ adj  1 very good; of very high quality 优秀的; 极好的; 卓越的; 杰出的: an excellent meal 精美的一餐 * She speaks excellent French. 她的法语说得非常漂亮.  2 (used to indicate approval or pleasure 用以表示赞同或愉快): They won't be coming then? Excellent! 那麽他们不来了? 太好了!> excellently adv.
except
/ Ik5sept; Ik`sZpt/ prep ~ (for sb/sth); ~ (that...) not including (sb/sth); but not 除了（某人[某事物]）之外（表示所说的不包括在内）: The restaurant is open every day except Monday. 这家饭店除星期一外, 每天都营业. * Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. * I understand everything except why she killed him. 我一切都明白, 只是不理解她为什麽把他杀死了. * I can answer all the questions except for the last. 所有的题我都会答, 只是最後一题不会. * The meal was excellent except for (ie with the exception of) the first course. 这顿饭好极了, 只是第一道菜稍差. * She remembered nothing (about him) except that his hair was black. 她（对他）什麽都不记得, 只记得他的头发是黑的. * The two books are the same except (for the fact) that this one has an answer key at the back. 除了这本书後面有问题答案以外, 这两本书完全一样.
except
/ Ik5sept; Ik`sZpt/ v  1 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) (often with a negative 常与否定词连用) leave sb/sth out; exclude sb/sth 将某人[某事物]除外; 不包括某人[某事物]: Only children under five are excepted from this survey. 这次调查仅仅不包括五岁以下的儿童. * We all had to take part in the training run, with nobody excepted. 我们大家都得参加跑步训练, 无人例外. * the whole staff, not excepting the headmaster 全体教职员工, 也包括校长.  2 (idm 习语) present company excepted => present1.
exception
/ Ik5sepFn; Ik`sZpFEn/ n  1 [C, U] (an instance of) leaving out or excluding; person or thing that is not included 除外; 例外; 不包括在内的人或物: Most of the buildings in this town are rather unattractive, but this church is an exception. 这座城镇中大多数建筑物都不太好看, 但这座教堂是个例外. * The children did well, the only exception being Jo, who failed. 这些孩子考得都很好, 唯独乔不及格. * All students without exception must take the English examination. 所有的学生毫无例外, 都必须参加英语考试. * I enjoyed all his novels with the exception of his last. 他的小说我都爱看, 只是最後一部除外.  2 [C] thing that does not follow a rule 不合规则的事物: an exception to a rule of grammar 语法规则的一项例外.  3 (idm 习语) the exception proves the `rule (saying 谚) the excepting of some cases proves that the rule exists, or that it applies to all other cases 有例外则证明有规律: All his family have red hair except him. He is the exception which proves the rule. 他们全家除他以外头发都是红的. 正所谓有例外才证明有规律嘛. make an exception (of sb/sth) treat sb/sth as a special case 将某人[某事物]作为例外: You must all be here at 8 am; I can make no exceptions, ie I cannot excuse any of you. 你们都必须早晨八点钟到这里, 任何人都不能例外. take exception to sth object to sth; be offended by sth 反对某事物; 因某事物而生气: He took great exception to what I said. 他很反对我说的话. * She took exception to having to wait outside in the rain. 她得在雨中等候, 对此十分气愤.
exceptionable
/ -FEnEbl; -FEnEbl/ adj (fml 文) that sb can object to 可反对的: There are no exceptionable scenes in the play. 这出剧中没有能引起争议的情节.
exceptional
/ Ik5sepFEnl; Ik5sZpFEnl/ adj very unusual; outstanding 异常的; 罕见的; 特殊的; 杰出的; 突出的: This weather is exceptional for June. 这种天气在六月份很罕见. * show exceptional musical ability 表现出非凡的音乐才能.
exceptionally
/ -FEnElI; -FEnlI/ adv unusually; outstandingly 异常地; 罕见地; 特殊地; 杰出地; 突出地: an exceptionally beautiful child 特别漂亮的小孩.
excerpt
/ 5eks\:pt; `Zks[pt/ n [C] ~ (from sth) passage, extract, from a book, film, piece of music, etc 书、 电影、 乐曲等的节录: excerpts from a novel 一部小说的摘录 * I've seen a short excerpt from the film on television. 我在电视上看过这部影片的片段.
excess
/ Ik5ses; Ik`sZs/ n  1 [sing] an ~ of sth (derog 贬) more than the reasonable, expected or moderate degree or amount of sth 过度; 过分; 过量; 过多: an excess of enthusiasm, anger, emotion, zeal, etc 过分的热情、 愤怒、 情感、 热心等 * An excess of fat in one's diet can lead to heart disease. 饮食中脂肪过量能导致心脏病.  2 [U] going beyond the normal or accepted limits; immoderation 过火; 过头; 无节制: Don't carry your anger to excess. 不要肝火过盛. * Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra. 超过100公斤的行李要额外收费.  3 [C] amount by which sth is larger than sth else 超额的量; 过多的数: She was charged an excess of 4 over the amount stated on the bill. 向她索取的比帐单上显示的数额多出4英镑.  4 [U] (esp Brit) agreed sum taken by an insurance company from the total amount to be paid to an insured person who makes a claim 免赔额（保险公司从投保人要求索赔的总款额中扣除的规定数额）: You will have to pay the first ￡50 of the cost of repairing your damaged car as there is an excess of ￡50 on your policy. 你的保险单列有50英镑免赔额, 所以你的汽车损坏修理费的首50英镑要由你付.  5 excesses [pl] (fml 文) personal acts which go beyond the limits of good behaviour, or humanity 越轨的行为; 无人性的行为: The excesses (ie acts of cruelty) committed by the occupying troops will never be forgotten. 占领军犯下的灭绝人性的暴行, 人们是永远也不会忘记的. * His excesses at parties are well known. 尽人皆知他在聚会上十分放肆.  6 (idm 习语) to ex`cess to an extreme degree 过度; 过分; 无度: He drinks to excess. 他嗜酒无度.
excessive
/ Ik5sesIv; Ik`sZsIv/ adj greater than what is normal or necessary; extreme 过分的; 过度的; 极度的: excessive prices 过高的价格 * an excessive amount of alcohol 过量的酒精 * an excessive enthusiasm for sport 对运动的狂热 
excessively 
adv.
excess
/ 5ekses; `ZksZs/ adj [attrib 作定语] extra or additional (to the usual or permitted amount) 额外的; 附加的: excess fare, eg for travelling further than is allowed by one's ticket 补票费 * A company which makes high profits must pay excess profits duty to the government. 赢利高的公司须向政府交纳额外利得税.
excess baggage (also excess luggage) 
amount of luggage that is over the weight that may be carried free on an aircraft 超重的行李.
excess postage 
amount charged to a person who receives a letter, etc which does not carry stamps of high enough value 欠资邮费.
exchange
/ Iks5tFeIndV; Iks`tFendV/ n  1 [C, U] (action or process of) giving one thing or person in return for another 交换; 互换; 交流; 交易; 调换; 更换: Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange? 用五个苹果换五个鸡蛋公平吗? * The exchange of prisoners during a war is unusual. 战时很少交换俘虏. * the exchange of contracts, ie the final stage of buying or selling a house 互换契约（买卖房屋的最後步骤） * an exchange of glances 互使眼色 * an exchange of houses 调换房屋 * an exchange of gun-fire 交火 * He's giving her French lessons in exchange for (ie as an exchange for) her teaching him English. 他教她法语, 她教他英语, 互教互学（作为交换条件）.  2 [C] (angry) conversation or argument （愤怒的）谈话或争论: bitter exchanges between MP's in parliament 下议院议员在议会上的激烈争论.  3 [U] relation in value between kinds of money used in different countries 兑换; 兑换率: What is the rate of exchange between the dollar and the pound? 美元和英镑之间的兑换率是多少? * [attrib 作定语] I want to change my dollars into pesetas  what is the exchange rate? 我想把美元换成比塞塔--兑换率是多少?  4 Exchange [C] place where business people or financiers meet for business 交易所: the `Corn Exchange 谷物交易所 * the `Stock Exchange, ie for the buying and selling of stocks, shares, etc 证券交易所.  5 = telephone exchange (telephone).  6 reciprocal visit between two (often young) people or groups from different countries （不同国家的团体或人, 常为青年之间的）互访, 交流: be on, do, organize an exchange 在、 进行、 组织互访 * Sarah is going on an exchange to Paris to stay with Pierre, and he is coming to stay with her here in Scotland next year. 萨拉将到巴黎作互访住在皮埃尔处, 而皮埃尔明年来苏格兰就住在她那里. * [attrib 作定语] exchange students 互派的留学生 * exchange visits 两国间的互访 * She is an exchange teacher. 她是出国的交流教师.
exchange
/ Iks5tFeIndV; Iks`tFendV/ v  1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A for B; ~ sth (with sb) give or receive sth/sb (of the same kind or value) in place of another 交换; 互换; 调换; 更换: He exchanged the blue jumper for a red one. 他把蓝毛衣换成了红的. * Ali exchanged seats with Ben. 阿里与本调换了座位. * The enemy countries exchanged prisoners. 敌国间交换了俘虏. * They exchanged hostages with each other. 他们相互交换了人质. (b) [Tn] give sth and receive sth (from another person) in return 交换; 交易: exchanging blows, ie hitting each other 互相殴打 * They exchanged glances, ie looked at each other. 他们互相对视. * The two men exchanged greetings, ie Each greeted the other. 那两个男人互相问候.  2 (idm 习语) exchange (angry, etc) `words quarrel; argue 争吵; 争论: They exchanged angry words before the meeting but were finally persuaded to agree. 他们在会议前争吵起来, 经劝说最後言归於好.
exchangeable
/ -Ebl; -Ebl/ adj that can be exchanged 可交换的; 可更换的; 可兑换的: Sale goods in this shop are not exchangeable. 本店货物售出概不退换.
exchequer
/ Iks5tFekE(r); Iks`tFZkL/ n  1 the Exchequer [sing] (Brit) government department in charge of public money 财政部: The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the minister in charge of finance in Britain. 英国财政大臣是负责财政的大臣.  2 [C] (a) public or national supply of money; treasury 公共财源; 国库. (b) (often joc 常作戏谑语) person's supply of money 个人的钱财: There's nothing left in the exchequer this month. 本月份本人国库空虚.
excise
/ 5eksaIz; Zk`saIz/ n [U] government tax on certain goods manufactured, sold or used within a country 国内货物税; 消费税: the excise on beer/spirits/tobacco 啤酒[烈性酒/烟草]消费税 * customs and excise 关税与国内货物税 * [attrib 作定语] an excise officer, ie an official employed in collecting excise 国内货物税务官. Cf 参看 customs1.
excise
/ Ik5saIz; Ik`saIz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文) remove by, or as if by, cutting (esp a part of the body or a passage from a book) 切除（尤指身体的一部分）; 删除（书中的一段）: The surgeon excised the lump from her breast. 外科医生切除了她乳房的肿块. * The censor insisted on excising the passage from the film. 电影审查员坚持剪去影片的这一段.
excision
/ Ik5sIVn; Ik`sIVEn/ n (fml 文)  1 [U] action of excising 切除; 删除: the excision of a tumour 肿瘤的切除.  2 [C] thing that is excised 被切除或删除之物: The excisions have destroyed the literary value of the text. 删除了这些就损害了原文的文学价值.
excitable
/ Ik5saItEbl; Ik`saItEbl/ adj (of a person, animal or temperament) easily excited （指人、 动物或气质）易兴奋的, 易激动的: an excitable child 易兴奋的孩子 * an excitable breed of dog 一种易受刺激的狗 * an excitable race of people 容易冲动的民族.
excitability
/ Ik9saItE5bIlEtI; Ik9saItE`bIlEtI/ n [U] quality of being excitable 易兴奋性; 易激动性.
excite
/ Ik5saIt; Ik`saIt/ v  1 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态, Tn.pr] cause strong feelings of eagerness, happiness, nervousness, etc in (a person or an animal) 使（人或动物）兴奋, 激动: The children were very excited by the pantomime. 孩子们看了童话剧非常兴奋. * Don't excite yourself, ie Keep calm. 不要激动.  2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.t] ~ sb (to sth) (fml 文) cause or bring about (sth) by arousing strong feelings in sb 刺激; 激起; 煽动; 鼓动: excite a riot 煽动暴乱 * Agitators were exciting the people to rebel/to rebellion against their rulers. 煽动者鼓动人民造反以反抗统治者.  3 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) ~ sth (in sb)arouse (an emotion) in sb; cause (a response or reaction) in sb 激发某人的（情感）; 引起某人的（回应或反应）: excite public suspicion 引起大众怀疑 * The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors. 最近的多项发现引起医生们的极大兴趣. * excite envy, admiration, greed, etc (in sb) 引起（某人）羡慕、 爱慕、 贪念等. (b) arouse (sexual desire) 激发（性欲）: Some people are sexually excited by pornographic magazines. 有的人看到色情杂志能激发起性欲.  4 [Tn] (fml 文) cause (part of the body) to be active 刺激（身体某部分）: drugs that excite the nervous system 刺激神经系统的药物.
excited
/ Ik5saItId; Ik`saItId/ adj feeling or showing excitement 兴奋的; 激动的: sexually excited 性兴奋 * The excited children forgot to take the presents to the party. 孩子们兴奋得忘了把礼物带到聚会上了. * It's nothing to get excited about. 这没什麽可值得激动的. 
excitedly 
adv.
exciting 
adj causing great interest or enthusiasm 使人激动的; 令人兴奋的: an exciting piece of work 令人兴奋的工作 * an exciting story 使人激动的故事 * an exciting discovery 振奋人心的发现. 
excitingly 
adv.
excitement
/ Ik5saItmEnt; Ik`saItmEnt/ n  1 [U] state of strong emotion or feeling, esp one caused by sth pleasant 刺激; 激动; 兴奋: The news caused great excitement. 这消息令人极为兴奋. * jumping about in excitement at the discovery 因这一发现而兴奋得手舞足蹈.  2 [C] (fml 文) thing that excites; exciting incident, etc 令人兴奋的事物; 使人激动的事: the excitements associated with a cruise around the world 关於乘船周游世界的令人兴奋的事.
exclaim
/ Ik5skleIm; Ik`sklem/ v [I, Ipr, Tf] cry out suddenly and loudly from pain, anger, surprise, etc （因疼痛、 愤怒、 惊奇等）惊叫, 呼喊: `What,' he exclaimed, `Are you leaving without me?' ｀怎麽著,＇他喊道, ｀你要把我丢下自己走吗?＇ * He could not help exclaiming at how much his son had grown. 他的儿子已长那麽高了, 他不禁惊叫起来. * He exclaimed that it was untrue. 他大声说那不是事实.
exclamation
/ 9eksklE5meIFn; 9ZksklE`meFEn/ n (short) sound(s) or word(s), expressing sudden surprise, pain, etc 呼喊; 惊叫; 叹词; 感叹语: `Oh!', `Look out!' and `Ow!' are exclamations. ｀啊!＇、 ｀小心!＇、 ｀哎哟!＇都是感叹词语.
exclamation mark (US exclamation point) 
mark (!) written after an exclamation 叹号; 感叹号; 惊叹号（!）. =>App 3 见附录3.
exclamatory
/ Ik5sklAmEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`sklAmE9tRrI/ adj (fml 文) of, using or containing an exclamation 呼喊的; 感叹的: an exclamatory sentence 感叹句.
exclude
/ Ik5sklu:d; Ik`sklud/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (a) prevent sb from entering somewhere, taking part in sth, etc; keep sb out 防止某人进入某处; 阻止某人参加某事等; 把某人排除在外: exclude a person from membership of a society 拒绝接纳某人入会 * Women are often excluded from positions of authority. 女子要想得到有权的职位往往遭到排斥. (b) prevent sth from getting in; keep sth out 防止某物进入; 将某物排斥在外: All air must be excluded (from the bottle) if the experiment is to work. 若要做好这一试验, 不得让空气进（到瓶子里）去. * All draughts must be excluded from the room. 这间屋子不可有风透进.  2 [Tn] reject (sth) as a possibility; ignore as a consideration 排除（某事）的可能性; 不予考虑: The police have excluded robbery as a motive for the murder. 警方已排除该谋杀案中有抢劫的动机. * We must not exclude the possibility that the child has run away. 我们不可排除这孩子离家出走的可能性.  3 [Tn] leave (sth) out; not include 将（某物）排除; 不包括: lunch costs 5 per person, excluding drinks 午餐费每人5英镑, 不包括饮料. * That price excludes accommodation. 那价钱不包括住宿.
exclusion
/ Ik5sklu:Vn; Ik`skluVEn/ n  1 [U] ~ (of sb/sth) (from sth) action of excluding; being excluded 排斥; 排除在外: the exclusion of women from the temple 妇女之被排斥於寺院之外.  2 (idm 习语) to the exclusion of sb/sth so as to exclude (all other members of a group) 排除（其他的一切）: He spent his spare time gardening, to the exclusion of all other interests. 他把空余时间都用在园艺上了, 没有任何其他爱好.
exclusive
/ Ik5sklu:sIv; Ik`sklusIv/ adj  1 (a) (of a group, society, etc) not readily admitting new members (esp if they are thought to be socially inferior); select （指群体、 会社等）不愿接收新成员的（尤指对社会地位低下者）; 精选的: He is part of an exclusive social circle and belongs to an exclusive club. 他所处的社交圈子很排外, 而且参加的又是个很排外的社团. (b) (of a high-class shop, goods sold in it, etc) not found elsewhere; reserved for the wealthy （指高级商店、 货物等）罕见的, 高级的, 高档的: exclusive styles, designs, articles 高级的式样、 设计、 物品 * an exclusive restaurant, private school 为富人开设的饭店、 私立学校.  2 reserved for or limited to the person(s) or group concerned 独有的; 独占的: exclusive privileges of the aristocracy 贵族独有的特权 * an exclusive agency for the sale of Ford cars in this town 这城镇的福特汽车包销商 * The interview is exclusive to this magazine. 本杂志得到独家访问权.  3 excluding all but the thing specified 唯一的: Painting has not been her exclusive occupation. 绘画并非她唯一的职业.  4 not admitting sth else; rejecting other considerations 排他的: The two plans are mutually exclusive, ie If you accept one you must reject the other. 这两个方案是相互抵触的.  5 ~ of sb/sth not including sb/sth; not counting sb/sth 不包括某人[某事物]; 不把某人[某事物]算在内: The ship has a crew of 57 exclusive of officers. 这船上除高级船员外, 有57名普通船员. * The price of the holiday is exclusive of accommodation. 度假费用未包括住宿费.
exclusive 
n [C] (also exclusive story) newspaper or magazine story given to and published by only one newspaper （报纸或杂志的）独家报道, 独家专文: a Daily Mirror exclusive 每日镜报独家报道. exclusively adv: This special offer has been exclusively designed for readers of this magazine. 这一特价优惠是专为本杂志读者提供的.
exclusiveness (also exclusivity)
/ 9eksklu:5sIvEtI;9Zksklu`sIvEtI/ n [U] quality of being exclusive 独特性: The shop was proud of its exclusiveness. 这商店因别具一格而沾沾自喜.
excommunicate
/ 9ekskE5mju:nIkeIt; 9ZkskE`mjunE-9ket/ v [Tn] exclude (sb) as a punishment from the rights and privileges of membership of the Christian Church 将（某人）逐出基督教教会（剥夺教籍的惩罚）.
excommunication
/ 9ekskE9mju:nI5keIFn; 9ZkskE-9mjunE`keFEn/ n  1 [U] action of excommunicating or being excommunicated 逐出教会.  2 [C] example of this; official statement announcing this 逐出教会; 逐出教会的公告.
excrement
/ 5ekskrImEnt; `ZkskrImEnt/ n [U] (fml 文) solid waste matter passed from the body through the bowels; faeces 粪便: The pavement was covered in dogs' excrement. 便道上满是狗屎.
excrescence
/ Ik5skresns; Ik`skrZsns/ n (fml 文) abnormal (ugly and useless) growth on an animal body or a plant 赘生物; 瘤; 赘疣: (fig 比喻) The new office block is an excrescence on the landscape. 这座新办公楼在这片风景中很碍眼.
excreta
/ Ik5skri:tE; Ik`skritE/ n [U] (fml 文) liquid and solid waste (excrement, urine, sweat) passed from the body 排泄物（粪、 尿、 汗）: the smell of excreta in the hospital ward 医院病房里排泄物的气味.
excrete
/ Ik5skri:t; Ik`skrit/ v [Tn] (fml 文) (of an animal or a plant) pass out (waste matter, sweat, etc) from the system （指动物或植物）排泄或分泌（废物、 汗等）.
excretion
/ Ik5skri:Fn; Ik`skriFEn/ n (a) [U] action of excreting 排泄; 分泌. (b) [C, U] that which is excreted 排泄物; 分泌物.
excruciating
/ Ik5skru:FIeItIN; Ik`skruFI9etIN/ adj (of physical or mental pain) intense; acute （指肉体或精神痛苦）极度的, 剧烈的: He has excruciating backache. 他的背疼得很厉害. * excruciating misery 极大的苦难 * (joc 谑) He's an excruciating bore. 他是个非常讨厌的人. * an excruciating concert 十分糟糕的音乐会.
excruciatingly 
adv: an excruciatingly painful experience 令人极为痛苦的经历.
exculpate
/ 5ekskQlpeIt; `ZkskQl9pet/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) (fml 文) free sb from blame; say that sb is not guilty 为某人开脱; 说某人无罪: exculpate a person from a charge 开脱对某人的指责 * exculpate oneself from blame 为自己辩解.
excursion
/ Ik5sk\:Fn; ?@ Vn; Ik`sk[VEn/ n (a) short journey, esp one made by a group of people together for pleasure 短程旅行; 远足: go on/make a day excursion to the mountains, ie there and back in one day 到山上游玩一天 * Many excursions had been arranged by the holiday company. 短程旅游原先多由度假服务公司安排的. * [attrib 作定语] an excursion train 游览火车 * an excursion ticket, ie one issued at a reduced fare 旅游特惠票. (b) short journey made for a particular purpose 短途行程: a shopping excursion 购物之行. =>Usage at journey 用法见journey.
excuse
/ Ik5skju:s; Ik`skjus/ n ~ (for sth/doing sth) (true or invented) reason given to explain or defend one's behaviour; apology 理由; 解释; 辩护; 辩解; 藉口; 道歉: He's always making excuses for being late. 他迟到总是有藉口. * There's no excuse for such behaviour. 这种行为不可原谅. * He made his excuses (ie He apologized) and left the meeting. 他表示歉意後就离开了会场. * Please offer/give them my excuses. 请代我向他们致歉. * I can't attend the meeting  would you make my excuses (ie apologize and give my reasons for not attending), please? 我不能参加会议--你能替我道歉并解释一下吗? * (fml 文) Those who are absent without (good) excuse (ie without giving a (good) excuse) will be dismissed. 无故缺席者一律开除.
excuse
/ Ik5skju:z; Ik`skjuz/ v  1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tsg] ~ sb/sth (for sth/doing sth) forgive or overlook (a fault, etc); pardon sb/sth 宽恕或饶恕（过失等）; 原谅某人[某事物]: Please excuse my late arrival. 请原谅我来晚了. * Excuse me for being late. 原谅我迟到了. * Excuse my interrupting you. 对不起, 打扰你一下. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth/doing sth) give reasons showing, or intended to show, that (a person or his actions) cannot be blamed 为（某人或某行为）辩解或辩白: Nothing can excuse such rudeness. 如此无礼决不可宽恕. * She stood up, excused herself (ie apologized for leaving) and walked out of the meeting. 她站起身来为中途离开道了歉, 然後走出会场. * He excused himself for being late by saying that his car had broken down. 他为迟到作辩解, 说他的汽车坏了.  2 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ sb (from sth) set sb free from a duty, requirement, punishment, etc 免除某人的责任、 对其要求、 惩罚等: He was excused (from) piano practice. 他获准不必练习钢琴. * They may be excused (from doing) this exercise. 他们可以免做这一练习.  3 (idm 习语) excuse me (a) (used as an apology when one interrupts, disagrees, disapproves or has to behave impolitely 用作打扰别人、 表示不赞成、 不同意或失礼时的道歉用语): Excuse me, is anybody sitting here? 请问, 这儿有人坐吗? * Excuse me, but I don't think that's quite true. 很抱歉, 我认为这与事实略有出入. (b) excuse me? (esp US) Please repeat what you said. 请再说一遍. excuse/pardon my French => French. may I be excused? (euph 婉 Brit) (used esp by schoolchildren) may I go to the toilet? （尤作小学生用语）我可以上厕所吗?
excusable
/ Ik5skju:zEbl; Ik`skjuzEbl/ adj that may be excused 可原谅的: an excusable mistake 可原谅的错误. 
excusably
/ -EblI; -EblI/ adv.
excuse
NOTE ON USAGE 用法:  1 We say Excuse me to someone if we want to get his or her attention or before we do something that might disturb him or her, eg interrupt him/her, push him/her in a crowd, disagree with him/her 我们说Excuse me, 是为了引起他人注意或因为可能打扰他人, 如打断别人谈话、 在人群中推挤别人、 不同意别人的意见: Excuse me, can I get past, please? 劳驾, 能让我过去吗?  2 We say Sorry or (formally) I beg your pardon when we need to apologize for something 我们说Sorry或（郑重其事时说）I beg your pardon, 是因为需要为某事道歉: Sorry, did I tread on your toe? 对不起, 我踩著你的脚了吧? *  I beg your pardon. I think you were next in the queue. 对不起, 你原来是排在下一个的. In US English Pardon me and Excuse me are used for apologies. 在美式英语中, Pardon me和Excuse me都用以表示道歉.  3 We say Pardon? when we did not hear what someone said and want them to repeat it. 若未听见某人刚说的话而请其重复时, 说Pardon?. *In this case Sorry? is also used in British English and Excuse me? or Pardon me? in US English. 在这种情况下, 用英式英语还可说Sorry?, 而用美式英语则要说Excuse me?或Pardon me?.
execrable
/ 5eksIkrEbl; `ZksIkrEbl/ adj (fml 文) very bad; terrible 极坏的; 糟透的; 恶劣的: execrable manners,weather 极度的无礼、 恶劣的天气. 
execrably
/-blI; -blI/ adv.
execrate
/ 5eksIkreIt; `ZksI9kret/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn] (fml 文) express or feel hatred of (sb/sth); curse 憎恨, 厌恶（某人[某事物]）; 咒骂; 诅咒.
execration
/ 9eksI5kreIFn; 9ZksI`kreFEn/ n [U, C].
execute
/ 5eksIkju:t; `ZksI9kjut/ v [Tn]  1 (fml 文) carry out, perform (what one is asked or told to do) 执行; 实行; 履行; 完成: execute sb's commands 执行某人的命令 * execute a plan, a piece of work, a purpose 实行一计划、 完成一工作、 达到一目的.  2 (law 律) (a) put (sth) into effect 使（某事）生效; 实施: execute a will 依照遗嘱行事. (b) make (sth) legally valid 使（某事）有法律效力: execute a legal document, ie by having it signed, witnessed, sealed and delivered 使一法律文件生效（经签署、 签名见证、 封印、 交付者）.  3 kill (sb) as a legal punishment 将（某人）处死: He was executed for treason. 他因叛国罪已处死. * execute a murderer 处决一谋杀犯.  4 (fml 文) perform (sth) on the stage, at a concert, etc （在舞台上或音乐会中）演奏; 表演: execute a dance step 表演舞步 * The piano sonata was badly executed. 这首钢琴奏鸣曲演奏得很糟.  5 (computing 计) carry out (the instructions of a computer program) 执行（计算机程序的指令）.
execution
/ 9eksI5kju:Fn; 9ZksI`kjuFEn/ n  1 [U] carrying out or performance of a piece of work, plan, design, duty, etc 执行; 实行; 履行; 完成: His original idea was good, but his execution of the scheme was disastrous. 他的设想很好, 但实行起来却糟糕透顶. * The plans were finally put into execution. 这些计划终於得以实施.  2 [U] (law 律) action of carrying out the orders of a will 对遗嘱条款的执行: The solicitor is proceeding with the execution of my mother's will. 律师正著手执行我母亲的遗嘱.  3 [C, U] (act of) killing sb as a legal punishment 处死刑; 死刑: execution by hanging 以绞刑处死 * five executions last year 去年执行的五起死刑.  4 [U] (fml 文) skill in performing eg music 表演技巧（如音乐演奏）: The pianist's execution of the concerto was marvellous. 那钢琴师弹的协奏曲神乎其技.  5 (idm 习语) a stay of execution => stay n.
executioner
/ 9eksI5kju:FEnE(r); 9ZksI`kjuFEnL/ n public official who carries out a death sentence 死刑执行人; 行刑人.
executive
/ Ig5zekjUtIv; I^`zZkjJtIv/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语]  1 (esp in business) concerned with the management and carrying out of plans, decisions, etc （尤指企业中）经营管理的, 经营的, 经理的: executive duties 经营管理的职责 * possess executive ability 具有管理的才能.  2 having power to carry out decisions, laws, decrees, etc （对决策、 法律、 法令等）有执行权的, 行政的, 决策的: executive authority 行政当局 * the executive branch of the Government 政府的行政部门 * the executive committee of a political party 一政党的执行委员会 * the executive head of State, eg the President of the US 一国的行政首长（如美国的总统）.
executive 
n  1 [CGp] person or group in a business organization, trade union, etc with administrative or managerial powers （在企业、 工会等中的）行政领导; 经理; 董事; 董事会: a sales executive 营业主任 * She's an executive in a computer company. 她是一家计算机公司的行政人员. * The executive has/have been making decisions about the future of the company. 领导层一直在研究公司未来的决策. * [attrib 作定语] an executive briefcase 行政人员公事包.  2 [C] (in the Civil Service) person who carries out what has been planned or decided （政府文职部门的）行政人员: [attrib 作定语] executive officer 行政主任.  3 the executive [Gp] executive branch of a government 政府的行政部门.
executor
/ Ig5zekjUtE(r); I^`zZkjEtL/ n person who is appointed by the maker of a will to carry out the terms of the will （立遗嘱人指定的）遗嘱执行人.
exegesis
/ 9eksI5dVi:sIs; 9ZksE`dVisIs/ n (pl -ses / -siz; -siz/)[U, C] (fml 文) explanation and interpretation of a written work, esp the Bible 诠释, 注解, 注释（尤指对《圣经》的文字）.
exemplary
/ Ig5zemplErI; I^`zZmplErI/ adj  1 serving as an example; suitable for imitation 用作模范的; 可作楷模的: exemplary behaviour 模范行为 * an exemplary student 模范学生.  2 (fml 文) serving as a warning 用作警戒的: exemplary punishment 警戒性的惩罚.
exemplify
/ Ig5zemplIfaI; I^`zZmplE9faI/ v (pt, pp -fied) [Tn]  1 be a typical example of (sth) 是（某事物）的典型: This painting exemplifies the artist's early style. 这幅画是该画家早期艺术风格的典型.  2 (fml 文) give an example of (sth); illustrate by example 举出（某事物）的例子; 举例说明: exemplify the problems involved. 举例说明所涉及的问题.
exemplification
/ Ig9zemplIfI5keIFn; I^9zZmplEfE`keFEn/ n  1 [U] exemplifying 举例说明; 示范.  2 [C] (fml 文) example 例证; 例子; 范例.
exempt
/ Ig5zempt; I^`zZmpt/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (from sth) free from an obligation, duty or payment; not liable 被免除义务或责任; 不用付款; 被豁免: exempt from military service 免服兵役 * exempt from working overtime 免於超时工作 * goods exempt from tax免税货物 * Children under 16 are exempt from prescription charges. 16岁以下的儿童免付处方费.
exempt 
v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) make sb/sth exempt 使某人[某事物]免除或豁免: His bad eyesight exempted him from military service.他因视力不好而免服兵役. 
exemption
/ Ig5zempFn; I^`zZmpFEn/ n [U, C].
exercise
/ 5eksEsaIz; `ZksL9saIz/ n  1 [U] use or practice (of the mind or esp the body) through effort or action （智力的）运用; （尤指）锻炼运动: The doctor advised him to take more exercise. 医生建议他多运动. * Jogging is a healthy form of exercise. 慢跑是有益健康的锻炼方式. * Doing crosswords gives the mind some exercise. 做纵横字谜游戏能锻炼脑筋.  2 [C] activity or task intended for physical or mental training 练习; 训练: vocal, gymnastic, keep-fit, deep-breathing, etc exercises 发音、 体操、 保健、 深呼吸等练习 * exercises for the piano, flute, harp, etc 钢琴、 长笛、 竖琴等的练习 * The teacher set her class a mathematics exercise for homework. 那位女教师给班上布置数学的家庭作业. * [attrib 作定语] an exercise book, ie a book for writing in with soft covers and lined pages 练习本.  3 [U] ~ of sth (effective) use or application （有效的）使用或应用: The exercise of patience is essential in diplomatic negotiations. 在外交谈判中, 重要的是要有耐性. * the exercise of one's civil rights 公民权利的行使 * His stories showed considerable exercise of the imagination. 他的故事颇具创意.  4 [C often pl 常作复数] series of movements or operations for training troops, etc （部队等的）操练, 演习: military exercises 军事操练 * (fig 比喻) an exercise in diplomatic relations 外交关系上的举动.  5 exercises [pl] (US) ceremonies 典礼; 仪式: graduation exercises 毕业典礼 * opening exercises, eg speeches at the start of a conference 开幕仪式（如致开幕词）.
exercise
/ 5eksEsaIz; `ZksL9saIz/ v  1 [I] perform some kind of physical exercise （体能方面）锻炼, 运动: He exercises twice a day. 他每天锻炼两次.  2 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (in sth) give exercise1(1) to sb/sth; train sb/sth (by means of exercises) 使某人[某物]得到锻炼; 训练某人[某物]: Horses get fat and lazy if they are not exercised. 马不训练就会增膘、 变懒. * Swimming exercises the whole body. 游泳能使身体得到全面的锻炼.  3 [Tn] make use of (sth); employ 利用（某物）; 使用; 运用: exercise patience, tolerance, power, control, etc 运用耐性、 忍耐力、 权力、 控制力等 * exercise one's rights as a citizen 行使公民权 * Teachers exercise authority over their pupils. 教师经常管束学生.  4 [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] (fml 文) worry or trouble (sb) 使（某人）担心、 忧虑或烦恼: This problem is exercising our minds very much at the moment. 这一问题此刻使我们很伤脑筋. * I am very much exercised about the education of my son. 我对儿子的教育十分操心.
exert
/ Ig5z\:t; I^`z[t/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sb/sth) bring (a quality, skill, pressure, etc) into use; apply sth 用（某特质、 技巧、 压力等）; 应用（某物）: He exerted all his influence to make them accept his plan. 他用尽一切影响力使他们接受他的计划. * Her husband exerted a lot of pressure on her to succeed. 她丈夫殷切期望她能成功, 给了她很大的压力.  2 [Tn no passive 不用於被动语态] ~ oneself make an effort 努力; 尽力: You'll have to exert yourself more if you want to pass your exam. 你若想考试及格, 就必须更加努力. * He doesn't have to exert himself on my behalf. 他不必为我费那麽大力气.
exertion
/ Ig5z\:Fn; I^`z[FEn/ n (a) [U] action of applying influence, etc 发挥; 运用; 行使; 施加: Exertion of authority over others is not always wise; persuasion may be better. 利用权力压服别人并非永远是上策, 运用说服方法或许更为可取. (b) [C, U] (instance of) great effort 努力; 尽力; 费力: incapable of physical exertion 体力上不能劳累的 * He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions. 他虽然竭尽全力, 但仍未能将那石块搬起. * Now that I'm 90, I find the exertions of travelling too great. 我年届90岁, 出远门已力不从心.
exeunt
/ 5eksIEnt; `ZksIEnt/ (Latin 拉) (as a stage direction 用作舞台说明) they leave the stage 他们退场: exeunt Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼和克娄巴特拉退场. Cf 参看 exit v 2.
exhale
/ eks5heIl; Zks`hel/ v [I, Tn] (fml 文)  1 breathe (sth) out 呼出（某物）: She exhaled slowly to show her annoyance. 她长吁著气以示厌烦. * exhale air from the lungs 从肺中呼出气来 * exhale smoke 吐出烟雾.  2 give off or expel (gas or vapour) 散发或排出（气体）.
exhalation
/ 9ekshE5leIFn; 9ZksE`leFEn/ n (fml 文)  1 [C] act of exhaling 呼气; 排气.  2 [U, C] thing exhaled 被呼出或排出之物: an exhalation of smoke 排出的烟.
exhaust
/ Ig5zR:st; I^`zRst/ n  1 [U] waste fumes, gases, steam, etc expelled from an engine or a machine （机器排出的）废气、 蒸气等: the smell of the exhaust 排出的废气气味 * [attrib 作定语] exhaust fumes 排出的废气.  2 (also ex`haust-pipe) [C] outlet or pipe through which these gases are sent out 排气口; 排气管: My car needs a new exhaust. 我的汽车该换排气管了. =>illus at App 1 见附录1之插图, page xii.
exhaust
/ Ig5zR:st; I^`zRst/ v [Tn]  1 [esp passive 尤用於被动语态] make (a person or an animal) very tired 使（人或动物）非常疲倦: The long cycle ride exhausted her. 她因长途骑车而疲惫不堪. * He exhausted himself in the attempt. 他因十分努力而筋疲力尽.  2 use (sth) up completely 用尽, 耗尽（某物）: exhaust one's patience, strength 失去耐性、 用尽力气 * exhaust a money supply 把钱用光.  3 make (sth) empty; take out the contents of 将（某物）弄空; 取出（所含之物）: exhaust a well 将井汲乾.  4 say, find out, all there is to say about (sth) 详尽论述（某事物）: I think we've just about exhausted that subject. 我认为我们对这一问题已差不多是言无不尽了.
exhausted
/ Ig5zR:stId; I^`zRstId/ adj very tired 极其疲倦的: I'm exhausted! 我已筋疲力尽了! * The exhausted troops surrendered. 部队人困马乏结果投降了.
exhaustion
/ Ig5zR:stFEn; I^`zRstFEn/ n [U]  1 total loss of strength; extreme tiredness 筋疲力尽; 精疲力竭; 极度疲劳: They were in a state of exhaustion after climbing the mountain. 他们爬山以後筋疲力尽了.  2 (fml 文) action of using up completely 用尽; 耗尽; 枯竭: the rapid exhaustion of the earth's natural resources 地球上自然资源的迅速枯竭.
exhaustive
/ Ig5zR:stIv; I^`zRstIv/ adj very thorough; complete 彻底的; 详尽的; 完全的; 全面的: an exhaustive enquiry, search 彻底的调查、 搜查.
exhaustively 
adv.
exhibit
/ Ig5zIbIt; I^`zIbIt/ n   1 object or collection of objects displayed for the public, eg in a museum 展览品; 陈列品: a priceless exhibit 一件极贵重的陈列品 * The museum has some interesting new exhibits from India. 博物馆新陈列一些有趣的印度展品. * Do not touch the exhibits. 请勿触摸展品.  2 document, object, etc produced as evidence in a lawcourt （当庭出示的）证件, 物证, 证据: The first exhibit was a knife which the prosecution claimed was the murder weapon. 当庭出示的第一件物证是一把刀, 据原告称是为谋杀凶器.
exhibit
/ Ig5zIbIt; I^`zIbIt/ v  1 (a) [Tn] show or display (sth) for the public (for pleasure, for sale, in a competition, in a lawcourt, etc) 当众显示或展出（某物）: exhibit flowers at a flower show 在花展上展出花卉 * documents exhibited in a lawcourt 当庭出示的文件. (b) [I, Tn] (of an artist) present (works of art) for the public, esp in an art gallery （指艺术家）展出（艺术品）（尤指於美术馆）: The young painter has exhibited (his work) in several galleries. 那年轻画家的作品已在几家美术馆中展出.  2 [Tn] (fml 文) show clearly that one possesses (a quality or feeling) 表现, 显示, 显出（某特质或感情）: He exhibited total lack of concern for the child. 可以看出他对那孩子毫不关心. * She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb. 她在攀登过程中表现出极大的耐力.
exhibitor 
n person who displays pictures, flowers, etc at a show （画展、 花展等的）展出者, 参展者: Nearly fifty exhibitors have provided pictures for the display. 有近五十名参展者为画展提供了展品.
exhibition
/ 9eksI5bIFn; 9ZksE`bIFEn/ n  1 [C] (a) collection of things shown publicly (eg works of art, industrial or commercial goods for advertisement) 展览品; 展览; 展览会: Have you seen the Picasso exhibition? ie exhibition of paintings by Picasso. 你参观过毕加索的画展吗? * [attrib 作定语] one of the exhibition halls at the Frankfurt book fair 法兰克福书展的展厅之一. (b) public display of animals, plants, flowers, etc (esp as shown in a competition for prizes) 动物、 植物、 花卉等的展览（尤指为获奖而参赛的）.  2 (a) [sing] act of showing (a quality or feeling) （某特质或感情的）表现, 显示: an exhibition of bad manners 无礼的表现 * The quiz was a good opportunity for the exhibition of his knowledge. 这次测验是他显示知识的好机会. (b) [C] public demonstration of a skill （技术的）公开示范表演: There's an exhibition of pottery-making at the fair. 在集市场上有陶器制作的示范表演. * a dancing exhibition 舞蹈表演. =>Usage at demonstration 用法见demonstration.  3 [C] (Brit) money allowance to a student from school or college funds for a number of years to pay for the costs of study 奖学金.  4 (idm 习语) make an exhi`bition of oneself (derog 贬) behave foolishly or badly in public 当众出丑; 出洋相: People at the party were embarrassed when Frank got drunk and made an exhibition of himself. 弗兰克喝醉了, 出尽洋相, 使参加聚会的人很难为情.
exhibitioner
/ -FEnE(r); -FEnL/ n (Brit) student who receives an exhibition(3) 获奖学金的学生.
exhibitionism
/ -FEnIzEm; -FEnIzEm/ n [U]  1 tendency to behave in a way intended to attract attention to oneself 表现癖: She was embarrassed by his exhibitionism at the party. 他在聚会上竭力表现自己使她感到很难堪.  2 (fml 文) offence of indecently exposing one's sexual organs in public 露阴癖（当众暴露自己性器官的猥亵行为）.
exhibitionist
/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who is given to exhibitionism 好自我表现的人; 有露阴癖的人: Children are natural exhibitionists. 儿童天生喜欢自我表现.
exhilarate
/ Ig5zIlEreIt; I^`zIlE9ret/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] make (sb) feel very happy or lively 使（某人）愉快或活跃: exhilarated by the news 这消息使人高兴 * We felt exhilarated by our walk along the beach. 我们沿著海滩散步感到心旷神怡.
exhilarating 
adj very exciting; causing happiness 使人兴奋的; 令人高兴的: Our first parachute jump was an exhilarating experience. 我们第一次跳伞感到兴奋莫名.
exhilaration
/ Ig9zIlE5reIFn; I^9zIlE`reFEn/ n [U].
exhort
/ Ig5zR:t; I^`zRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t] ~ sb (to sth) (fml 文) advise sb strongly or earnestly; urge sb 劝告, 规劝或告诫（某人）: The chairman exhorted the party workers to action. 主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动. * The teacher exhorted him to work hard. 教师谆谆告诫他要用功.
exhortation
/ 9egzR:5teIFn; 9Z^zRr`teFEn/ n  1 [U] (fml 文) action of exhorting 劝告; 规劝; 告诫.  2 [C] earnest request; speech, etc that exhorts 诚恳的要求; 劝告; 告诫: All his father's exhortations were in vain. 他父亲的一切劝告都无效.
exhume
/ eks5hju:m; ?@ Ig5zu:m; I^`zum/ v [Tn] take (a dead body) from the ground (for examination) 掘出（尸体）（以检验）: When the police exhumed the corpse they discovered traces of poison in it. 警方掘出尸体, 发现有中毒的痕迹.
exhumation
/ 9ekshju:5meIFn; ?@ 9egzu:-; 9Z^zu`meFEn/n (fml 文)  1 [U] exhuming or being exhumed 掘尸.  2 [C] instance of this 掘尸.
exigency
/ 5eksIdVEnsI; `ZksEdVEnsI/ n [C often pl, U 作可数名词时常作复数, 亦作不可数名词] (fml 文) (condition of) urgent need or demand; emergency 紧急的需要或要求; 紧急情况; 危急关头: The people had to accept the harsh exigencies of war. 人们要承受战乱的严酷现实.
exigent
/ -dVEnt; -dVEnt/ adj (fml 文)  1 requiring immediate action; urgent 需要立即采取行动的; 紧急的: an exigent set of circumstances 一系列亟待处理的情况.  2 requiring much; exacting 苛求的; 苛刻的: an exigent employer 苛刻的雇主. 
exigently 
adv.
exiguous
/ eg5zIgjUEs; I^`zI^jJEs/ adj (fml 文) very small (in amount); scanty 稀少的; 少量的; 微小的: an exiguous diet 量少的规定饮食 * the last of the old man's exiguous savings 那老人微薄积蓄中的剩余部分.
exile
/ 5eksaIl; `Z^zaIl/ n  1 [U] being sent away from one's native country or home, esp for political reasons or as a punishment; forced absence 流放; 放逐; 充军:be/live in exile 於流放中[过流放生活] * go/be sent into exile 流亡[遭放逐] * a place of exile 流放地.  2 [C] long stay away from one's country or home 长期去国或离家: After an exile of ten years her uncle returned to Britain. 她叔叔背井离乡十年後返回英国.  3 [C] person who lives away from his own country from choice or because he is forced to （自愿或被迫）去国者: a tax exile, ie a rich person who moves to another country where the rate of income tax is lower 迁往所得税率较低国家居住的富人 * There were many French exiles in England after the Revolution. 法国大革命後, 有许多法国人流亡英国.
exile 
v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from...) send sb into exile 放逐某人: exiled for life 遭终生流放 * She was exiled from her country because of her part in the plot against the government. 她因参与反政府的阴谋而遭驱逐出国.
exist
/ Ig5zIst; I^`zIst/ v [I, Ipr]  1 ~ (in/on sth) (a) be real or actual; have being 存在; 有: Do you believe fairies exist? ie that there are really fairies? 你相信真有小神仙吗? * The idea exists only in the minds of poets. 这种想法是诗人才有的. * laws that have existed for hundreds of years 已存在千百年的法规 * Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命吗? (b) be found; occur 被发现; 发生: This plant exists only in Australia. 这种植物只产於澳大利亚.  2 ~ (on sth) continue living, esp with difficulty or with very little money; survive 生存（尤指有困难或钱很少）; 活下来; 幸存: We cannot exist without food or water. 没有食物或水我们就不能生存. * He exists on rice and water, ie by eating rice and water. 他靠吃米饭和水过活. * I can hardly exist on the wage I'm getting; there is no money for luxuries. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以　口, 根本无钱享受.
existence
/ -Ens; -Ens/ n  1 [U] state or fact of existing 存在: Do you believe in the existence of ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗? * This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence, ie that exists. 这是现存最早的希伯来语手稿. * When did the world come into existence, ie begin to exist? 世界是什麽时候产生的? * I was unaware of his existence until now. 现在我才知道有他这麽个人.  2 (a) [sing] manner of living, esp when this is difficult, boring, etc; way of living 生活（尤指艰苦、 无聊等的生活）; 生活方式: We led a happy enough existence as children. 我们小时候的生活过得很愉快. * living a miserable existence miles from the nearest town 在远离城镇的偏僻地区, 过著凄惨的日子. (b) [sing, U] continuance in life; survival 生存; 存活: The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence, ie for existence itself. 农民要靠丰收才能活命. * They eke out a bare existence (ie They scarcely manage) on his low salary. 他们靠他微薄的薪金勉强　口.  3 (idm 习语) the bane of sb's existence => bane.
existent
/ -Ent; -Ent/ adj (fml 文) existing; actual 存在的; 现有的; 现存的.
existentialism
/ 9egzI5stenFElIzEm; 9Z^zIs`tZnFEl9IzEm/ n (philosophy 哲) theory (deriving from Kierkegaard / 5kIEkEgR:d; `kirkE9^Brd/ (1813-55), the Danish philosopher, and made popular by Sartre / 5sB:trE; `sBrtrE/ (1905-80), the French writer and philosopher) that man is a unique and isolated individual in a meaningless or hostile world, responsible for his own actions and free to choose his destiny 存在主义.
existential
/ 9egzI5stenFEl; 9Z^zIs`tZnFEl/ adj  1 (fml 文) of or relating to (esp human) existence （尤指人类）存在的; 与（人类）存在有关的.  2 of or relating to the theory of existentialism 存在主义的; 与存在主义有关的.
existentialist
/ -FElIst; -FElIst/ n, adj: He's an existentialist. 他是存在主义者. * He holds existentialist views. 他持存在主义观点.
exit
/ 5eksIt, also 5egzt; `ZksIt, `Z^zEt/ n  1 action of leaving; departure, esp that of an actor from the stage 离别; 离开; （尤指演员）退场: The heroine makes her exit (from the stage). 女主角退场. * When his ex-wife arrived at the party he made a swift exit, ie he left quickly. 在聚会上, 他的前妻来到时, 他匆匆离去. * [attrib 作定语] an exit visa, ie a stamp or signature on a passport giving permission to leave a particular country 出境签证.  2 way out (of a public building) （公共建筑物的）出口, 太平门: There are four emergency exits in the department store. 这百货公司有四个紧急出口. * [attrib 作定语] The exit signs in cinemas are usually illuminated. 电影院的出口标记通常都有照明.  3 point at which a road, etc turns off from a motorway or roundabout, allowing vehicles to leave （车辆可从高速公路或环状交叉路驶出的）出口, 出路: At the roundabout, take the third exit. 在环状交叉路口, 从第三条出路驶出. * Leave the motorway at the Stokenchurch exit. 在斯托肯彻切出口处驶离高速公路.
exit 
v [I]  1 go out; (esp of an actor) leave (the stage) 出去; 离去; 退出; （尤指演员）退场: At the end of the third scene the actress exits. 该女演员於第三场结束时退场. * (joc 谑) We exited from the party as soon as we could. 我们在聚会上能抽得身时, 便鞠躬下台告辞而去.  2 (as a printed stage direction in plays) he or she leaves the stage （剧本中的舞台说明）他下场: Exit Macbeth. 麦克佩斯退场. Cf 参看 exeunt.
exit poll 
unofficial poll based on interviews with voters as they leave a polling station after voting 票站调查（在投票站外向刚投票者进行的访问）.
exo-
comb form 构词成分 external, outside or beyond 外部的; 外面的; 外: exoskeleton / 5eksEUskelItn; 9Zkso`skZlEtn/, ie external covering on an animal, eg the shell of a crab * exogamous / ek5sCgEmEs; Zks`B^EmEs/, ie marrying outside one's religion, caste, etc.
exodus
/ 5eksEdEs; `ZksEdEs/ n  1 [sing] ~ (from...) (to...) (fml or joc 文或谑) departure of many people at one time （大批人同时之）离去: the mass exodus of people to the sea and mountains for the summer holidays 为度暑假游山玩水大批人外出 * The play was so awful that there was a general exodus from the theatre at the interval. 那剧十分糟糕, 在幕间休息时观众纷纷离去.  2 the Exodus the departure of the Israelites from Egypt, in about 1300 BC 出埃及事（约公元前1300年以色列人离开埃及一事）.  3 Exodus title of the 2nd book of the Bible, which tells the story of this departure 《出埃及记》（《圣经·旧约》中的第2卷）.
exonerate
/ Ig5zCnEreIt; I^`zBnE9ret/ v [esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth) declare sb free from blame 宣布某人无罪过: He was exonerated from all responsibility for the accident. 已确定他无须对该事故负任何责任. 
exoneration
/ Ig9zCnE5reIFn; I^9zBnE`reFEn/ n [U].
exorbitant
/ Ig5zR:bItEnt; I^`zRrbEtEnt/ adj (fml 文) (of a price, charge, etc) much too high or great; unreasonable （指价格、 索价等）过高的, 过分的, 不合理的: exorbitant rents 过高的租金 * The price of food here is exorbitant. 这儿的食物价格太高.
exorbitance
/ -tEns; -tEns/ n [U] (fml 文). exorbitantly adv: exorbitantly expensive 过於昂贵.
exorcize, exorcise
/ 5eksR:saIz; `ZksRr9saIz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb/sth) (esp religion 尤用於宗教) drive out or expel (an evil spirit) by prayers or magic 用祈祷或魔法驱逐或祛除（恶魔）: A priest exorcized the ghost from the house. 教士将鬼从房屋中驱走. * (fig 比喻) We gradually exorcized her feelings of panic and terror. 我们帮助她渐渐消除惊恐的感觉.
exorcism
/ 5eksR:sIzEm; `ZksRr9sIzEm/ n [C, U] (instance of) exorcizing 驱除邪魔. 
exorcist
/ 5eksR:sIst; `ZksRr9sIst/ n person who exorcizes 驱除邪魔者.
exotic
/ Ig5zCtIk; I^`zBtIk/ adj  1 introduced from another country; not native 由外国引进的; 非本地的: exotic houseplants 引进的室内盆栽 * monkeys and other exotic animals 猴子及外来的其他动物 * mangoes and other exotic fruits 　果及其他外国水果.  2 striking or attractive because colourful or unusual （因富色彩或式样奇特）醒目的, 吸引人的, 漂亮的: exotic plumage 别致的羽毛 * exotic clothes 奇装异服.
expand
/ Ik5spAnd; Ik`spAnd/ v  1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (into sth) (cause sth to) become greater in size, number or importance 使（某事物）变大, 扩大, 增大, 增加, 增强, 扩展: Metals expand when they are heated. 金属受热则膨胀. * A tyre expands when you pump air into it. 轮胎一打气就鼓起来. * His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire. 他原先不大的生意後来扩展成了超级市场集团企业. * Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years. 我国的对外贸易近年来已有极大发展. * Why not try to expand your story into a novel? 你怎麽不把你的故事扩展成小说呢?  2 [I, Ipr] spread out; unfold 伸展; 伸开; 张开; 展开: The petals of the flowers expanded in the sunshine. 花瓣在阳光下张开了. * His face expanded in a smile of welcome. 他喜笑颜开地表示欢迎. Cf 参看 contract3.  3 [I] (of a person) become more friendly or talkative （指人）变得热情或愿意交谈: The guests expanded a little when they'd had a glass or two of wine. 客人们喝了一两杯酒以後, 就有说有笑了.  4 (phr v) expand on sth develop or give more of (a story, an argument, etc) 阐述或详述（某事, 故事, 论点等）: You mentioned the need for extra funding. Would you expand on that? 你曾提到需要一笔额外资金. 你详细谈谈好吗?
expanded metal 
sheet metal cut and stretched into a mesh used (esp) to reinforce concrete 拉制金属网（尤指用於加固混凝土者）.
expanded polystyrene 
light packaging or insulation material made of air-filled plastic 多孔聚苯乙烯, 多孔塑料（用充气塑料制成的轻质包装或绝缘材料）.
expanse
/ Ik5spAns; Ik`spAns/ n ~ (of sth) wide and open area (of land, sea, etc) （陆地、 海洋等的）广阔的区域: the wide expanses of the Pacific 浩淼的太平洋海域 * the blue expanses of the sky 广阔的蓝天 * a broad expanse of brow 宽阔的前额.
expansion
/ Ik5spAnFn; Iks`pAnFEn/ n [U] action of expanding; state of being expanded 扩大; 扩展; 膨胀: the expansion of gases when heated 气体受热时的膨胀 * the expansion of his business interests 他的商业利益的增加 * the expansion of the school system 学校机构的扩大.
expansionism
/ -FEnIzEm; -FEnIzEm/ n [U] belief in, or practice of, expansion, esp of one's territory or business 扩张主义, 扩展政策（尤指领土或企业）: Expansionism was advocated by many British politicians in the late 19th century. 19世纪末, 英国许多政客鼓吹扩张主义. * The owners of the firm feared the manager's vigorous expansionism. 公司的股东都惧怕经理冒进的扩展政策. 
expansionist
/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who wishes esp a country or business to expand 扩张主义者; （企业中）赞成扩展政策者: [attrib 作定语] Hitler's expansionist policies 希特勒的扩张主义政策 * expansionist business plans 扩展企业的计划.
expansive
/ Ik5spAnsIv; Ik`spAnsIv/ adj  1 able or tending to expand 可扩大或伸展的; 有扩大或伸展性的: He greeted us with an expansive gesture (eg he stretched his arms wide) and a wide smile. 他手舞足蹈笑逐颜开地迎接我们.  2 (of a person, his manner, etc) willing to talk a lot; unreserved （指人、 态度等）健谈的, 豪爽的, 开朗的: an expansive after-dinner speaker 健谈的饭後演讲者 * be in an expansive mood after a few drinks 喝了几杯酒以後情绪高涨. 
expansively 
adv. 
expansiveness 
n [U].
expatiate
/ Ik5speIFIeIt; Ik`speFI9et/ v [Ipr] ~ on/upon sth (fml 文) write or speak at great length or in detail about a subject 详述; 细说; 阐述: The chairman expatiated for two hours on his plans for the company. 董事长用两小时阐述了公司的规划.
expatriate
/ 9eks5pAtrIEt; ?@ -5peIt-; Zks`petrIIt/ n person living outside his own country 居於国外的人; 侨民: American expatriates in Paris 居於巴黎的美国人 * [attrib 作定语] expatriate Englishmen in Spain 西班牙的英国侨民.
expatriate
/ -rIeIt; -rI9et/ v [Tn] cause (sb) to leave his native country; expel 使（某人）移居国外; 将（某人）逐出本国; 流放: expatriated on suspicion of spying for the enemy 涉嫌里通外国而被逐出本国.
expect
/ Ik5spekt; Ik`spZkt/ v  1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Tt, Tnt] ~ sth (from sb/sth) think or believe that sth will happen or that sb/sth will come 预料, 预计, 期待, 盼望（某事物会发生或某人[某事物]会来到）: This is the parcel which we have been expecting (from New York). 这是我们一直在期待的（从纽约来的）邮包. * I expect (that) I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来. * You would expect that there would be/there to be strong disagreement about this. 可以料到此事会有严重分歧. * You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a week. 不要指望一个星期就能学会一门外语. * We expected him to arrive yesterday. 我们原以为他昨天能到. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) hope and feel confident that one will receive sth (from sb) 期望, 盼望, 指望（从某人处）得到某事物: I was expecting a present from her, so I was disappointed I didn't receive one. 我原来一直盼望著能收到她送的礼物, 所以因得不到而失望. * Don't expect any sympathy from me! 不要指望能得到我的同情! =>Usage at wait1 用法见wait1.  2 [Tn, Tn.pr, Tf, Tnt] ~ sth (from sb) require sth (from sb), esp as a right or duty 要求（某人）某事物（尤指有权或有责任要求者）: The sergeant expects obedience from his men/that his men will obey him/his men to obey him. 中士要士兵服从他的命令. * I expect you to be punctual. 我要求你准时. * You will be expected to work on Saturdays. 你们星期六要上班.  3 [Tn, Tf, Tt] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) (infml 口 esp Brit) suppose (sth); assume 料想为（某事物）; 认为; 猜想: `Who has eaten all the cake?' `Tom, I expect/I expect (that) it was Tom.' ｀谁把蛋糕都吃光了?＇｀我想是汤姆[大概是汤姆]吧.＇ * `Will you need help?' `I don't expect so. ' ｀你需要帮忙吗?＇｀我想不必了.＇ * `Will he be late?' `I expect so.' ｀他会迟到吗?＇｀我想会的.＇  4 (idm 习语) be expecting (a baby/child) (infml euph 口, 婉) be pregnant 怀孕: I hear Sally's expecting again. 我听说萨莉又有身子了. expect too `much (of sb) believe or assume sb can do more than he can 对（某人）期望过高: `I can't finish this job by Friday  you expect too much of me.' ｀我星期五以前干不完这项工作--你对我期望过高了.＇ (only) to be ex`pected likely to happen; quite normal 可能发生; 相当正常: A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected. 服下这些药後会有些疲倦. * It is only to be expected your son will leave home eventually. 儿子总归要离开家的, 这种事很难免.
expectancy
/ Ik5spektEnsI; Ik`spZktEnsI/ n [U] state of expecting or hoping 预料; 预计; 期待; 盼望; 指望: a look/feeling of expectancy 期望的神色[心情] * She went to meet him with an air of expectancy, ie as if expecting him to bring sth. 她去见他时带著有所期待的神情. Cf 参看 life expectancy (life).
expectant
/ Ik5spektEnt; Ik`spZktEnt/ adj expecting (esp sth good); hopeful 期待的; 期望的; 怀有希望的: (fml 文) children with expectant faces waiting for the pantomime to start 眼巴巴地等候童话剧开演的儿童们. 
expectantly 
adv. 
expectant mother 
woman who is pregnant 怀孕的女人.
expected 
adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] that is expected 预料的; 预期的; 期望的: expected objections to the plan 预料到的对该计划的反对意见.
expectation
/ 9ekspek5teIFn; 9ZkspZk`teFEn/ n  1 [U] ~ (of sth) firm belief that sth will happen; hope of gaining sth/that sth will happen 预料; 预期; 期待; 期望: There's no expectation of snow tonight. 今晚预料无雪. * The children waited patiently in expectation of (ie expecting) the magician. 孩子们耐心地等待著魔术师. * He has little expectation of winning a prize. 他对获奖不抱什麽希望.  2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] confident feelings (about sth) （对某事物）有信心的指望: His parents have great expectations for his future. 他父母对他的前途深寄厚望. * She had high expectations of what university had to offer. 她对大学所能给她提供的一切期望很高. * The holiday was beyond all expectations, ie better than was hoped for. 假日过得比预期的好得多.  3 (idm 习语) a,gainst/,contrary to (all) expec`tation(s) quite different from what was expected 出乎意料; 意想不到: a gold medal that was against all expectations 出乎意料的一枚金质奖章. ,expectation of `life years a person is expected to live 对某人的估计寿命. fall short of sb's/not come up to (sb's) expec`tations be less goodthan was expected 未臻理想: Unfortunately the restaurant he recommended fell far short of our expectations. 遗憾的是他推荐的餐厅与我们心目中的相去甚远. * His film performance didn't come up to expectations. 他在影片中的演出有负众望.
expectorate
/ Ik5spektEreIt; Ik`spZktE9ret/ v [I, Tn] (fml or medical 文或医) send out (phlegm from the throat, blood from the lungs) by coughing; spit 吐或咯（痰、 血、 唾液等）; 吐痰; 咯血; 吐唾液: In cases of tuberculosis blood is expectorated. 肺结核病有咯血症状.
expectorant
/ -rEnt; -rEnt/ n medicine that helps sb to expectorate 祛痰剂: The cough medicine contains an expectorant. 咳嗽药中含有祛痰剂.
expedient
/ Ik5spi:dIEnt; Ik`spidIEnt/ adj [usu pred 通常作表语] (of an action) useful, helpful or advisable for a particular purpose, though not necessarily fair or moral （指行动）有用, 有助益, 可取（但不一定合理或正当）: Since there was soon to be a general election, the Prime Minister decided that a change of policy was politically expedient. 鉴於即将举行大选, 首相认为变通一下政策在政治上有利. * actions that were expedient rather than principled 非原则性的权宜手段.
expedience
/ -Ens; -Ens/ (also expediency /-EnsI; -EnsI/) (n [U] suitability or usefulness for a purpose, though not necessarily fair or moral 适宜, 有用, 有利, 便利（但不一定合理或正当）: He acted from expediency, not from principle. 他为求达到目的, 丧失了原则.
expedient 
n means of achieving an aim, which may not be fair or moral 权宜之计, 应急手段（不一定合理或正当）: resort to various expedients to get the money together 采取各种应急办法筹款.
expediently 
adv.
expedite
/ 5ekspIdaIt; `ZkspI9daIt/ v [Tn] (fml 文) help the progress of (work, business, etc); hasten or speed up 有助於（工作、 业务等）的进展; 加快; 加速: Please do what you can to expedite the building work. 请尽量加快建筑工作.
expedition
/ 9ekspI5dIFn; 9ZkspI`dIFEn/ n  1 (a) organized journey or voyage with a particular aim （为某目的而组织的陆路或水路的）远行; 探险; 考察: send a party of people on an expedition 派一队人去考察 * go on an expedition to the North Pole 到北极去探险 * a hunting expedition 狩猎之行 * (joc 谑) a shopping expedition 购物之行. (b) people, vehicles, ships, etc making this journey （进行远征、 探险、 考察等的）人或使用的车辆、 船只等: members of the Mount Everest expedition 埃佛勒斯峰（即珠穆朗玛峰）探险队队员.  2 (fml 文) speed; promptness 迅速; 敏捷: We carried out the captain's orders with all possible expedition. 我们毫不迟疑地迅速执行船长的命令.
expeditionary
/ -FEnErI; ?@ -nerI; -FEn9ZrI/ adj [attrib 作定语] of or forming an expedition 远征的; 探险的; 考察的; 组成远征队等的: an expeditionary force, eg an army sent to take part in a war abroad 远征军（如到国外参战的军队）.
expeditious
/ 9ekspI5dIFEs; 9ZkspI`dIFEs/ adj (fml 文) done with speed and efficiency 迅速而有效率的; 迅速完成的: an expeditious response 迅速的反应.
expeditiously 
adv: We will carry out the enquiry as expeditiously as possible. 我们将尽快进行调查.
expel
/ Ik5spel; Ik`spZl/ v (-ll-) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (from sth)  1 force sb to leave (esp a country, school or club) 强迫（某人）离开（尤指国家、 学校或会所）; 驱逐; 赶走; 开除: Following reports of drug-taking at a boarding-school, several senior boys have been expelled. 自从某寄宿学校传出有人吸毒之後, 高年级有几个男生已被开除. * Two attaches at the embassy were expelled from the country. 大使馆的两名随员已驱逐出境.  2 send or drive (sth) out by force 用力排出或驱出（某物）: expel smoke from the lungs 用力呼出肺里的烟 * a fan in the kitchen for expelling cooking smells 为排出烹调气味而安装於厨房中的电扇.
expend
/ Ik5spend; Ik`spZnd/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on/upon sth/doing sth) (fml 文)  1 spend, use (money, etc) in doing sth 花费, 使用（钱等）做某事: expend time, effort and money on a project 在一项目上花费时间、 精力和金钱.  2 use (sth) up; exhaust 用光（某物）; 耗尽: expend all one's ammunition, stores, fuel 用尽所有的弹药、 储备、 燃料.
expendable 
adj (fml 文) that may be consumed, destroyed, etc to achieve a purpose 可消费的; 可消耗的; 可毁灭的: In the Great War soldiers were considered expendable. 在第一次世界大战中, 人们认为士兵是尽可牺牲的. * In these conservation-conscious times, areas of grassland are no longer expendable. 在人们意识到应当保护自然资源的这个时代, 草原已不容再受破坏了.
expenditure
/ Ik5spendItFE(r); Ik`spZndItFL/ n  1 [U] action of spending or using 花费; 使用: the expenditure of money on weapons 购置武器的开支 * expenditure of energy on a project 在一项目上耗费的精力.  2 [C, U] amount (esp of money) spent （尤指金钱的）支出额: an expenditure of 500 on new furniture 购买新家具的500英镑开销 * Limit your expenditure(s) to what is essential. 你要把开销限制在必要的范围内. Cf 参看 receipt 3.
expense
/ Ik5spens; Ik`spZns/ n  1 (a) [U] spending of money etc; cost 花费; 代价: an expense of time, energy and cash 时间、 精力、 现金的花费 * He hired a plane, regardless of expense. 他不惜代价, 租了一架飞机. * Most children in Britain are educated at public expense. 英国大多数儿童靠公费受教育. (b) [C] cause of spending 花费的原因: An annual holiday is a big expense. 一年一度的假日是一笔大开销. * Running a car is a great expense. 一辆汽车的经常开支很大.  2 expenses [pl] money spent in doing a specific job, or for a specific purpose （做某工作或为某目的）花费的钱: travelling expenses 旅费 * House repairs, holidays and other expenses reduced her bank balance to almost nothing. 修房、 度假和其他开销使她在银行的存款所剩无几. * Who's meeting the expenses of your trip? 谁为你支付旅费呢?  3 (idm 习语) at sb's expense (a) with sb paying 由某人付费: We were entertained at the editor's expense. 由编辑付钱招待我们. (b) at sb who has behaved foolishly, been tricked, etc 针对某人（因其举动愚蠢或受到捉弄等）: They had a good laugh (ie were very amused) at Sam's expense. 他们嘲弄萨姆而乐不可支. at great, little, no, etc ex`pense (to sb/oneself) with a lot of, little, no, etc money being spent (by sb/oneself) （某人[自己]）花费很大、 花费很小、 无花费等: We can redecorate the room at little expense, if we use this old paint. 我们要是用这种旧漆重新装饰这房间, 就不用花多少钱了. at the expense of sth with loss or damage to sth 在损失或损坏某事物的情况下: He built up a successful business but it was all done at the expense of his health. 他创建的企业很成功, 但这一切却损害了他的健康. (all) expenses `paid with an employer, etc paying for everything （由雇主等）已付费用的: [attrib 作定语] She's just returned from an all-expenses-paid trip to France. 她刚由法国回来, 旅途一切费用由雇主支付. go to/put sb to the expense of sth/doing sth spend/cause sb to spend money on sth 在某事物上花钱或使某人花钱: It's stupid to go to the expense of taking music lessons if you never practise. 花钱上音乐课而从不练习是很愚蠢的. * put sb to a lot of expense 使某人破费极大. no expense(s) `spared with no regard for the cost 不惜费用: I'm going to take you out to dinner, no expense spared. 我带你出去用餐, 花费多少都无所谓. spare no expense => spare.
expense account 
record of money spent by an employee in the course of his work (and later paid by his employer) 报销帐目（雇员工作上的开支记载, 事後由雇主偿付）: Whenever he buys petrol, he puts it on his expense account. 他每次买汽油都记在报销帐目上.
expensive
/ Ik5spensIv; Ik`spZnsIv/ adj costing a lot (of money) 费用大的; 昂贵的: an expensive car 昂贵的汽车 * Houses are very expensive in this area. 这地区房价很高. * It's too expensive for me to buy. 太贵了, 我买不起.
expensively 
adv: an expensively dressed lady 穿著昂贵服装的女士.
experience
/ Ik5spIErIEns; Ik`spIrIEns/ n  1 [U] (process of gaining) knowledge or skill acquired from seeing and doing things 经验; 体验: We all learn by experience. 我们都从经验中学习. * Does she have much experience of teaching? 她教学经验丰富吗? * He hasn't had enough work experience (ie experience of work) for the job. 他做这项工作尚无足够经验. * I know from experience that he'll arrive late. 据我的经验之谈, 他要迟到的.  2 [C] event or activity that affects one in some way; event or activity that has given one experience(1) 经历; 阅历; 感受; 体会: an unpleasant, a trying, an unusual, etc experience 令人不快的、 难堪的、 不寻常等的经历 * You must try some of her home-made wine  it's quite an experience! ie it's very unusual. 你一定要尝尝她自制的葡萄酒--一饱口福! * He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行时, 有许多有趣的经历.
experience 
v [Tn] have experience of (sth); feel 有（某事物）的经验; 经历; 感觉; 感受; 体验: experience pleasure, pain, difficulty, great hardships, etc 体验到愉快、 痛苦、 困难、 苦难等 * The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待. * I don't think I've ever experienced real depression. 我认为我从未体验过真正的情绪低落. experienced adj having experience; having knowledge or skill as a result of experience 有经验的; 有阅历的; 有见识的; 熟练的: an experienced nurse 有经验的护士 * He's experienced in looking after children. 他有照料孩子的经验.
experiment
/ Ik5sperImEnt; Ik`spZrEmEnt/ n [C, U] (esp scientific 尤用於科学) test or trial done carefully in order to study what happens and gain new knowledge 实验; 试验: perform/carry out/conduct an experiment 进行试验 * The researchers are repeating the experiment on rats. 研究人员用老鼠反覆做该试验. * prove a theory by experiment 通过试验证实一理论 * learn by experiment 通过试验学习 * (fig 比喻) The play was staged as an experiment. 这出剧已经试演.
experiment 
v [I, Ipr] ~ (on/upon sb/sth); ~ (with sth) make an experiment 进行实验; 进行试验: We experimented until we succeeded in mixing the right colour. 我们不断进行实验, 直至将所需颜色调配成功. * experiment upon animals 用动物做实验 * experiment with new methods 实验新方法.
experimentation
/ Ik9sperImen5teIFn; Ik9spZrEmZn`teFEn/ n [U] (fml 文) activity, process or practice of experimenting 实验; 试验: Many people object to experimentation on animals. 许多人反对用动物做实验. * [attrib 作定语] experimentation methods 实验方法.
experimental
/ Ik9sperI5mentl; Ik9spZrE`mZntl/ adj of, used for, using or based on experiments 实验的; 用於实验的; 用实验的; 以实验为基础的: experimental methods 实验方法 * an experimental farm 实验农场 * an experimental physicist 实验物理学家 * experimental theatre 实验剧场 * The technique is still at the experimental stage. It hasn't been fully developed yet. 这项技术仍处於实验阶段, 尚未完全成熟. 
experimentally
/ -tElI; -tlI/ adv: We are using the substance experimentally at first. 我们现在先试验性地使用这种物质.
expert
/ 5eksp\:t; `Zksp[t/ n ~ (at/in/on sth/doing sth) person with special knowledge, skill or training in a particular field 专家; 能手: an agricultural expert 农业专家 * an expert in psychology 心理学专家 * get the advice of the experts 向专家请教 * an expert at playing golf 打高尔夫球的能手 * an expert on ancient Greek vases 古希腊花瓶专家.
expert 
adj ~ (at/in/on sth/doing sth) done with, having, or involving great knowledge or skill 熟练的; 老练的; 需有专门知识或技术的: according to expert advice 根据专家的意见 * an expert rider 熟练的骑手 * an expert job 需有专门知识的工作 * He's expert at/in cooking good cheap meals. 他善於烹制又好吃又便宜的饭菜. 
expertly 
adv. 
expertness 
n [U]: The expertness of her driving surprised him. 她驾驶技术熟练, 他感到很惊奇.
expertise
/ 9eksp\:5ti:z; 9Zksp[`tiz/ n [U] expert knowledge or skill, esp in a particular field 专门知识或技能（尤指在某一领域）: Customers will be impressed by the expertise of our highly trained employees. 我们的雇员专业性强、 训练有素, 保证顾客满意. * We were amazed at his expertise on the ski slopes. 他斜坡滑雪的技能使我们赞叹不已.
expiate
/ 5ekspIeIt; `ZkspI9et/ v [Tn] (fml 文) accept punishment for (wrong one has done) and do something to show one is sorry; make up for 为（所犯罪过）受罚及补偿; 赎（罪）; 抵偿: expiate one's sin/a crime/one's guilt 赎罪. 
expiation
/ 9ekspI5eIFn; 9ZkspI`eFEn/ n [U] (fml 文): large sums paid to the family in expiation of the wrongs done to them 为赎罪付给事主家人的巨额金钱.
expire
/ Ik5spaIE(r); Ik`spaIr/ v [I]  1 (of sth that lasts a period of time) come to an end; become no longer in use （指延续一段时间的某事物）结束, 不再使用, 期满, 终止: Our present lease on the flat expires next month. 我们这套公寓的租约下月到期. * When does your driving licence expire? 你的驾驶执照何时到期?  2 (esp medical 尤用於医学) breathe out (air) 呼出（气）.  3 (dated fml 旧, 文) die 死; 去世.
expiration
/ 9ekspI5reIFn; 9ZkspE`reFEn/ n [U] (fml 文)  1 ending, esp of the period when a contract, etc is in force 终止, 届期, 期满, 满期（尤指合同等的有效期）: the expiration of the lease, tenancy, agreement, contract, etc 租约、 租用、 协议、 合同等的期满.  2 (esp medical 尤用於医学) breathing out (of air) （空气的）呼出.
expiry
/ Ik5spaIErI; Ik`spaIrI/ n ~ (of sth) ending, esp of the period when a contract or agreement is in force 终止, 届期, 期满, 满期（尤指合同或协议的有效阶段）: the expiry of a driving licence, lease, credit card, contract, agreement, etc 驾驶执照、 租约、 信用卡、 合同、 协议等的期满 * [attrib 作定语] the expiry date 终止日期.
explain
/ Ik5spleIn; Ik`splen/ v  1 [Tn, Tw, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) make sth plain or clear; give the meaning of sth 解释; 讲解; 说明; 阐明: A dictionary explains the meaning of words. 词典是解释词义的工具书. * He explained his plan in some detail. 他仔细地说明了自己的计划. * Could you explain why you left? 你能说说你为什麽离开的吗? * Please explain this problem to me. 请把这个问题给我讲解一下.  2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) give or be a reason for sth; account for sth 说明某事物的原因或理由; 为某事物辩解: That explains his absence. 那就是他缺席的原因. * He explained that his train had been delayed. 他解释说他乘坐的火车误点了. * They explained what had happened. 他们为所发生的事进行了辩解. * She explained her conduct to her boss. 她向老板说明了自己那种表现的原因. * She explained to the children that the school had been closed. 她向孩子们解释说学校已经关门了. * The manager has explained to customers why the goods were late. 经理已向顾客解释货物晚到的原因.  3 (idm 习语) ex`plain oneself (a) make one's meaning clear 把自己的意思解释清楚: I don't understand your argument. Could you explain yourself a bit more? 我不明白你的论点, 你能把意思再说清楚些吗? (b) give reasons for one's behaviour 为自己的行为作解释: In recent weeks you've been late every day. Please explain yourself. 近几个星期以来你每天都迟到. 请你说说原因.  4 (phr v) explain sth away give excuses why one should not be blamed for (a fault, mistake, etc) or why sth is not important 为（过失或错误等）辩解; 为某事物搪塞: You will find it difficult to explain away your use of such offensive language. 你使用这样无礼的语言是很难说得过去的. * He explained away his late arrival by blaming it on the crowded roads. 他辩称路上人多而把迟到一事推脱得一乾二净.
explanation
/ 9eksplE5neIFn; 9ZksplE`neFEn/ n  1 [U] (process of) explaining 解释; 讲解; 说明; 阐述: He left the room without explanation. 他离开了房间而未加解释. * I should say a few words (by way) of explanation. 我应当说几句解释的话. * Had he anything to say in explanation of his behaviour? 他对自己的行为做过什麽解释吗?  2 [C] statement, fact, circumstance, etc that explains sth 能说明某事物缘由的言语、 事实、 情况等: That's not an adequate explanation. 这并不足以说明问题. * a satisfactory explanation of the mystery 有关此奥秘的一种令人信服的解释 * His explanations are always difficult to believe. 他的说法总是很难令人相信.
explanatory
/ Ik5splAnEtRrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`splAnE9tRrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] giving, serving or intended as an explanation 解释的; 说明的: explanatory notes at the back of a book 书後的注释.
expletive
/ Ik5spli:tIv; ?@ 5eksplEtIv; `ZksplItIv/ n (fml 文) violent (often meaningless) exclamation said in anger, pain, etc; swear-word （愤怒、 痛苦等时用的）叹词（常无意义）; 咒骂语: `Damn!' is an expletive. ｀该死!＇是咒骂语. * He uttered several vigorous expletives when he dropped the iron on his foot. 他的熨斗掉下砸在脚上, 他随口骂了几声.
explicable
/ Ik5splIkEbl, also 5eksplIkEbl; `ZksplIkEbl,Ik`splIkEbl/ adj (fml 文) that can be explained 可解释的; 可说明的: His behaviour is explicable in the light of his recent illness. 他因近日患病, 这种表现是可以理解的. * Scientists had maintained that the crop failure was not explicable. 科学家认为作物歉收原因不明.
explicate
/ 5eksplIkeIt; `ZksplI9ket/ v [Tn] (fml 文) explain and analyse (esp an idea, a statement or a work of literature) in detail 详细解说并分析（尤指想法、 说法或文学作品）: explicate one's moral values 详细阐述自己的道德标准.
explicit
/ Ik5splIsIt; Ik`splIsIt/ adj  1 (a) (of a statement, etc) clearly and fully expressed （指说法等）明确而详细的: He gave me explicit directions on how to get there. 他清清楚楚地告诉我怎样到达那里. * They gave explicit reasons for leaving. 他们明确地说出了离开的原因. (b) (of a person) saying sth clearly, exactly and openly （指人）（说得）明确的, 直率的, 开诚布公的: She was quite explicit about why she left. 她对自己离去的原因直言不讳.  2 with nothing hidden or implied 毫不隐瞒的; 毫不含蓄的: explicit sex scenes in the film 影片中露骨的性爱镜头. 
explicitly 
adv: She was explicitly forbidden to attend. 清楚表明不准她参加. 
explicitness 
n [U].
explode
/ Ik5splEUd; Ik`splod/ v  1 [I, Tn] (cause sth to) burst with a loud noise; blow up （使某物）爆炸; 炸开: When the boiler exploded many people were injured. 因锅炉爆炸, 许多人受了伤. * The firework exploded in his hand. 那个爆竹在他手里响了. * explode a bomb 使一颗炸弹爆炸. Cf 参看 implode.  2 [I, Ipr] (a) (of feelings) burst out suddenly （指感情）迸发: At last his anger exploded. 他终於大发雷霆. (b) ~ (with/in/into sth) (of people) show sudden violent emotion （指人）冲动, 激动: He exploded with rage, fury, jealousy, etc. 他勃然大怒、 暴跳如雷、 妒火中烧等. * She exploded into loud laughter. 她突然大笑起来.  3 [I] (of a population, etc) increase suddenly or quickly （指人口等）突然或迅速增加: the exploding world population 激增的世界人口.  4 [Tn] destroy (a theory, an idea, etc) by showing it to be false 破除, 推翻（一理论、 观念等）（揭示其谬误）: explode a superstition 破除迷信 * The myth that eating carrots improves your eyesight was exploded years ago. 认为吃胡萝卜可以改善视力的海外奇谈, 多年前已祛除殆尽.
exploded diagram 
one showing the parts of a structure in their relative positions but slightly separated from each other 分解图.
exploit
/ 5eksplRIt; `ZksplRIt/ n [C] brave or adventurous deed or action 英勇的或冒险的行为或事迹: The daring exploits of the parachutists were much admired. 跳伞者大胆的冒险动作令人赞叹不已. * (joc 谑) I'm not interested in hearing about Bill's amorous exploits. 我没兴 趣听比尔那些色胆包天的事. =>Usage at act1 用法见act1.
exploit
/ Ik5splRIt; Ik`splRIt/ v [Tn]  1 use, work or develop fully (esp mines and other natural resources) 利用或开发（尤指矿藏和其他自然资源）: exploit oil reserves, water power, solar energy, etc 开发石油资源、 开发水利资源、 利用太阳能.  2 use (sb/sth) selfishly and unfairly for one's own advantage or profit 剥削或利用（某人[某事物]）: child labour exploited in factories 在工厂中受剥削的童工 * exploit a situation for one's own advantage 趁著形势谋取私利 * They exploited her generosity shamelessly. 他们无耻地利用了她的慷慨.
exploitable 
adj that can be exploited 可利用的; 可开发的; 可剥削的: few exploitable coal-mines 少量可开采的煤矿.
exploitation
/ 9eksplRI5teIFn; 9ZksplRI`teFEn/ n [U] exploiting or being exploited 利用; 开发; 剥削: full exploitation of oil wells 充分利用油井资源 * the exploitation of child labour 对童工的剥削.
explore
/ Ik5splR:(r); Ik`splRr/ v  1 [I, Tn] travel into or through (a place, esp a country) in order to learn about it 踏勘; 勘探; 探测; 在（一地方, 尤指一国家）探险, 考察: explore the Arctic regions 到北极地区探险 * Columbus discovered America but did not explore the new continent. 哥伦布发现了美洲, 但没有考察这块新大陆. * explore a castle 探察一城堡 * As soon as they arrived in the town they went out to explore. 他们一到这座城镇就出外查看周围环境.  2 [Tn] examine (sth) thoroughly in order to test or find out about it （为测试或了解）仔细检查（某事物）; 探索; 探究: explore one's conscience 良心省察 * We explored several solutions to the problem. 我们探讨了几种解决该问题的方法.
exploration
/ 9eksplE5reIFn; 9ZksplE`reFEn/ n  1 [U] activity of exploring 勘探; 探测; 探索; 探究: the exploration of space 对宇宙空间的探索 * a voyage of exploration 探险航行 * detailed exploration of a subject 对一题目的详细探讨.  2 [C] instance of this 勘探; 探测; 探索; 探究: in the course of his explorations of the country 在他对该国进行探索的过程中 * an exploration of the subconscious mind 对潜意识的探索.
exploratory
/ Ik5splCrEtrI; ?@ -tR:rI; Ik`splRrE9tRrI/ adj for the purpose of finding out sth 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的: exploratory medical tests 探索性的医学试验 * an exploratory expedition up the Amazon river 沿亚马孙河逆流而上的探险旅程.
explorer
/ Ik5splR:rE(r); Ik`splRrL/ n person who explores 勘探者; 探测者; 探险者; 探索者; 探究者: Christopher Columbus was one of the great explorers. 克里斯托弗·哥伦布是伟大的探险家.
explosion
/ Ik5splEUVn; Ik`sploVEn/ n  1 (a) (loud noise caused by) sudden and violent bursting; exploding 爆裂（声）; 爆炸（声）: a bomb explosion 炸弹爆炸 * gas explosions 气体爆炸 * The explosion was heard a mile away. 那爆炸声一英里外都可听到. (b) sudden outburst (of anger, laughter, etc) （愤怒、 笑声等的）迸发: an explosion of rage 大发雷霆.  2 great and sudden increase 激增: a population explosion 人口激增 * the explosion of oil prices 石油价格的急剧上涨.
explosive
/ Ik5splEUsIv; Ik`splosIv/ adj [esp attrib 尤作定语]  1 likely or easily able to explode 爆炸性的; 易爆炸的: an explosive mixture of chemicals 爆炸性化学混合物 * explosive materials 爆炸材料 * Hydrogen is highly explosive. 氢极易爆炸.  2 that arouses strong feelings or leads to violent outbursts 使人冲动的; 导致猛烈爆发的: an explosive situation, issue 一触即发的形势、 极易引起争端的问题 * Politics can be an explosive subject. 政治问题容易引起激烈的争论. * an explosive temper 暴躁的脾气.
explosive 
n [C] substance that is likely or able to explode 爆炸物; 炸药: Dynamite is an explosive. 炸药是爆炸物. * The bomb was packed with high explosive, ie a substance that explodes with great force. 这炸弹装有烈性炸药.
explosively 
adv.
exponent
/ Ik5spEUnEnt; Ik`sponEnt/ n  1 person or thing that explains and supports a theory, belief, cause, etc （理论、 信仰、 事业等的）倡导者, 拥护者: an exponent of free trade 自由贸易的拥护者 * Huxley was an exponent of Darwin's theory of evolution. 赫胥黎是达尔文进化论的鼓吹者.  2 person able to perform skilfully a particular activity （某种活动的）能手: the most famous exponent of mime 最著名的哑剧表演大师 * She's a practised exponent of the sport of water-skiing. 她是滑水运动健将.  3 (mathematics 数) figure or symbol that shows how many times a quantity must be multiplied by itself 指数; 幂: In a3, the figure 3 is the exponent. a3中的3是指数. * In xn, the symbol n is the exponent. xn中的n是指数.
exponential
/ 9ekspEU5nenFl; 9Zkspo`nZnFEl/ adj (mathematics 数)  1 of or indicated by an exponent(3) 指数的; 幂的: 24 is an exponential expression. 24是一个指数式.  2 produced or indicated by multiplying a set of numbers by themselves 由指数产生或表示的: an exponential function 指数函数 * (fig 比喻) exponential (ie more and more rapid) growth 越来越快的增长 * an exponential curve, eg on a graph indicating population increase 指数曲线（如人口增长示意图上的）. 
exponentially
/ -FElI; -FElI/ adv: increase exponentially. 按指数增长.
export
/ 5ekspR:t; `ZkspRrt/ n  1 [U] (business or action of) exporting 输出, 出口（的业务或活动）: a ban on the export of gold 禁止黄金出口 * [attrib 作定语] an `export licence 出口许可证 * the `export trade 出口贸易 * `export duties, ie tax paid on exported goods 出口税.  2 [C usu pl 通常作复数] thing exported 出口物; 输出物: Last year's exports exceeded imports in value. 去年的出口价值超过进口. * What are the chief exports of Botswana? 博茨瓦纳的主要输出品是什麽? Cf 参看 import2.
export
/ Ik5spR:t; Iks`pRrt/ v [I, Tn] send (goods) to another country for sale 输出; 出口: This company has a large home market (ie many buyers within the country) but doesn't export. 这家公司国内市场很大, 不做出口生意. * India exports tea and cotton to many different countries. 印度向许多国家出口茶叶和棉花. Cf 参看 import1.
exportation
/ 9ekspR:5teIFn; 9ZkspRr`teFEn/ n [U] exporting of goods 输出; 出口: articles for exportation abroad 销往国外的物品 * He manufactures paper for exportation only. 他的工厂生产的纸张仅供出口.
exporter 
n person, company or country that exports goods 出口商; 出口公司; 出口国: Argentina is a big exporter of beef products. 阿根廷是牛肉制品的一大出口国. * He is a successful exporter of diamonds. 他是事业有成的钻石出口商.
expose
/ Ik5spEUz; Ik`spoz/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) uncover or make (sth) visible; display 显露或露出（某事物）; 显示: When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙. (b) ~ sth/sb/oneself (to sth) uncover or leave sb/sth/oneself uncovered or unprotected 显露或暴露某人[某事物/自己]; 处於无遮蔽或不受保护的状态: The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rock. 泥土被洪水冲走, 露出光秃秃的岩石. * expose soldiers to unnecessary risks 使士兵冒不必要的危险 * expose one's skin to the sun 使皮肤暴露於阳光下 * The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 婴儿被离弃於风雨之中. * (fig 比喻) expose oneself to criticism, ridicule, mockery, etc 遭受批评、 嘲笑、 嘲弄等.  2 [Tn] (a) make known (sth secret); reveal 揭露（秘密）; 揭穿; 揭发; 揭破; 显露: expose a plot, project, plan, etc 揭露阴谋、 方案、 计划等 * That unfortunate remark exposed his ignorance of the subject. 他说了那句不妥的话, 暴露了自己对此事的无知. (b) make known (the guilt or wrongdoing) of ( a secretly guilty person) 揭露（某人）的（不为人知的罪恶或过错）; 揭穿; 揭发; 揭破: expose crime, scandal, injustice, fraud, etc 揭露罪行、 丑闻、 冤假错案、 骗局等 * expose a criminal, an impostor, a culprit, etc 揭露罪犯、 冒名顶替者、 犯错误的人等.  3 [Tn, Tn.pr] (in photography) allow light to reach (film, etc) （摄影）使（软片等）曝光: expose a reel of film 使一卷软片曝光.  4 [Tn] ~ oneself indecently show one's sexual organs in public 猥亵性公开裸露自己的性器官: An old man was arrested for exposing himself to young children. 有个老头向儿童裸露性器官而遭逮捕.
exposed 
adj (of a place) not sheltered (from wind, weather, etc) （指地方）无遮蔽的; 不遮挡风雨的: The cottage is in a very exposed position at the top of the hill. 那小屋位於山顶毫无遮蔽之处.
expose
/ ek5spEUzeI; ?@ 9ekspE5zeI; 9ZkspE`ze/ n  1 short statement of a number of facts or beliefs （对事实或主张的）简短的陈述.  2 account of the facts of a situation, esp when these are shocking or have been kept deliberately secret 叙述, 报道（尤指令人震惊的或曾故意保密的）: The newspaper published an expose of the film star's past life. 报纸发表了该影星的逸闻. * an expose of corruption within the government 揭露政府内部腐败情况的报道.
exposition
/ 9ekspE5zIFn; 9ZkspE`zIFEn/ n (fml 文)  1 (a) [U] explaining or making clear by giving details 解释; 说明. (b) [C] instance of this; explanation of a theory, plan, etc 解释; 说明; 解说; （理论、 计划等的）讲解: an exposition of the advantages of nuclear power 对核动力优越性的阐释.  2 [C] exhibition of goods, etc （货物等的）展出; 展览会; 博览会: an industrial exposition 工业博览会.
expostulate
/ Ik5spCstFUleIt; Ik`spBstFE9let/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (on/about sth) (fml 文) make a protest (to sb); reason or argue (with sb), esp to persuade him not to do sth （向某人）提抗议; （与某人）讲道理或争论; （尤指）规劝, 劝戒: They expostulated with him about the risks involved in his plan. 他们指出他的计划有风险, 劝他放弃.
expostulation
/ Ik9spCstFU5leIFn; Ik9spBstFE`leFEn/ n [U, C] (making a) protest; reasoned persuasion, etc 抗议; 规劝; 劝戒: My expostulation(s) had no effect. 我提出的劝告毫无作用.
exposure
/ Ik5spEUVE(r); Ik`spoVL/ n  1 [U] action of exposing or state of being exposed 显露; 暴露; 揭露; 揭发; 曝光: Exposure of the body to strong sunlight can be harmful. 身体受烈日曝晒会造成损伤. * The baby died of exposure, ie as a result of being exposed to the weather. 那婴儿因曝露於室外而夭折. * the exposure of his ignorance 他的无知的暴露 * The exposure of the plot against the President probably saved his life. 揭发了反总统的阴谋可能救了他一命. * the exposure of photographic film to light 摄影软片的曝光.  2 [C] instance of exposing or being exposed (expose 2b) 揭露; 揭穿; 揭发; 揭破: As a result of these exposures (ie facts being made known to the public) several ministers resigned from the government. 这些问题揭发後, 有几个大臣辞职了.  3 action of exposing a film etc to the light （软片等的）曝光 * An exposure of one-hundredth of a second will be enough, ie Exposing the film for that length of time will make a good picture. 曝光百分之一秒就够了. * How many exposures have you got left? ie How many pictures remain on the camera film? 还剩下多少张底片没照?  4 [U] publicity (on television, innewspapers, etc) （电视、 报纸等上的）宣传: Her new filmhas had a lot of exposure on television recently. 她的新影片最近在电视上做了大量宣传.
exposure meter (also light meter) 
device to measure illumination and to indicate how long a film should be exposed to light 曝光表.
expound
/ Ik5spaUnd; Ik`spaJnd/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) (fml 文) explain or make sth clear by giving details 详加解释或详述某事物: expound a theory 详细解释一理论 * He expounded his views on education to me at great length. 他向我详细讲述了他的教育观点.
express
/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ adj [attrib 作定语]  1 going, sent or delivered quickly （进行、 传递或运送）迅速的: express delivery 快递 * an express letter 快信 * an express messenger 传送快件的信差.  2 clearly and definitely stated; explicit 清楚的; 明确的: It was his express wish that you have his gold watch after he died. 他的愿望很明确, 死後把金表留给你.
express 
adv by express delivery; by express train 用快邮递送; 乘快车: The parcel was sent express. 这包裹是用快邮寄的. * travel express 乘快车旅行.
expressly 
adv  1 clearly; definitely 清楚地; 明确地: You were expressly told not to touch my papers. 已经明确地告诉过你不要动我的文件.  2 with a special purpose 特地; 专门: a dictionary expressly compiled for foreign students of English 专为学习英语的外国学生编纂的词典.
expressway (also throughway) 
n (US) = motorway: a major accident on the expressway 高速公路上的严重车祸. =>Usage at road 用法见road.
express
/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ n  1 [C] (also express train) fast train that stops at few stations 快车: the 8.00 am express to Edinburgh 早上8点开往爱丁堡的快车.  2 [C] (US) company that delivers goods quickly 捷运公司.  3 [U] service provided by the post office, railways, road services, etc for carrying goods quickly （邮局、 铁路、 公路等部门提供的）快邮, 速递, 速运: send goods by express 特快货运.
express
/ Ik5spres; Ik`sprZs/ v  1 [Tn, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) show or make known (a feeling, an opinion, etc) by words, looks, actions, etc （用语言、 神色、 动作等）表示或表达（感情、 意见等）: The guests expressed their thanks before leaving. 客人们临走前表示了谢意. * His actions express his love more than any words could do. 他用行动表示的爱胜过任何言语. * He could not express his feelings of sadness to his mother. 他不能向母亲表露出内心的悲痛. * I can't express to you how grateful I am for your help. 你对我的帮助, 我感激不尽.  2 [Tn] ~ oneself speak or write (clearly) what one thinks, feels, etc （清楚地）表达自己的意思: Learning to express oneself well is an important part of education. 学会把意思表达清楚是受教育的一个重要方面. * He is still unable to express himself in English. 他仍然不能用英语表达自己的意思.  3 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from/out of sth) (fml 文) press or squeeze out (esp juices or oil) 压出或榨出（尤指汁液或油）: juice expressed from grapes 自葡萄榨出的汁 * milk expressed from a mother's breast 从母亲乳房里挤出的乳汁.  4 [Tn] (Brit) send (a letter, parcel, etc) fast by special delivery 用快邮寄出（信、 邮包等）.
expression
/ Ik5spreFn; Ik`sprZFEn/ n  1 (a) [U] action or process of expressing (express3 1) 表示; 表达: She gave expression to her sadness, ie said or showed how sad she was. 她流露出了悲伤之情. * The school encourages free expression in art, drama and creative writing. 学校鼓励师生在艺术、 戏剧和文学创作上自由发挥. * The scenery was beautiful beyond expression, ie too beautiful to describe. 那景色妙不可言. * The poet's anger finds expression (ie a means of expressing itself) in the last line of the poem. 诗人在诗中最後一行把愤怒宣泄出来. (b) [C] (fml 文) instance or example of this 表示; 表达: expressions of welcome to the queen 对女王欢迎的表示 * They greeted the president with many expressions of pleasure. 他们兴高采烈地欢迎总统.  2 [C] look on a person's face that shows a mood or feeling 神色; 表情: a happy expression 愉快的神情 * `I don't understand,' he said, with an expression of complete surprise (on his face). ｀我不明白,＇他说时（脸上）显出惊讶的神色.  3 [U] showing feeling for the meaning when playing music or speaking （演奏乐曲或说话时流露出的）感情: recite a poem with expression 带感情地朗读诗歌 * She puts great expression into her violin playing. 她的小提琴演奏感情充沛.  4 [C] word or phrase 词; 词语: `Shut up' (meaning `Stop talking') is not a polite expression. ｀闭嘴＇（意为｀别说话＇）不是礼貌用语. * slang expressions 俚语.  5 [C] (mathematics 数) group of symbols expressing a quantity 式; 表达式: 3xy2 is a mathematical expression. 3xy2是数学式.
expressionless 
adj not showing feelings, thoughts, etc （对感情、 思想等）不流露的; 没有表情的; 呆板的: an expressionless face, voice, tone, etc 呆板的面孔、 冷冰冰的声音、 平淡的声调等 * His recitation was almost expressionless. 他的朗诵几乎毫无感情.
expressionism
/ Ik5spreFEnIzEm; Ik`sprZFEn9IzEm/ n [U] style of painting, music, drama, film, etc which tries to express the artist's or writer's emotional experience rather than to show the physical world in a realistic way 表现主义. 
expressionist
/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ adj, n: of the expressionist school 表现主义流派的 * an expressionist film 表现主义流派的影片 * He's an expressionist. 他是表现主义者.
expressive
/ Ik5spresIv; Ik`sprZsIv/ adj  1 showing one's feelings or thoughts 表现感情或思想的; 富有表情的: an expressive face, gesture 富有表情的脸、 姿势 * an expressive piece of music 抒情的乐曲.  2 [pred 作表语] ~ of sth (fml 文) expressing sth 表示或表达某事物: a cry expressive of pain 表示痛苦的呼叫 * a look expressive of despair 表示绝望的神情. 
expressively 
adv: He reads his poems very expressively. 他朗诵自己的诗感情充沛. 
expressiveness 
n [U].
expropriate
/ eks5prEUprIeIt; Zks`proprI9et/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] (fml or law 文或律)  1 ~ sth (from sb) (a) take away (property, etc) for public use without payment to the owner 徵用, 没收（财产等）: The new government expropriated his estate for military purposes. 新政府将他的地产徵作军用. (b) ~ sb (of sth) dispossess sb in this way （以徵用或没收的方式）剥夺某人的（财产等的）所有权: She was expropriated (of her land). 她的（土地的）所有权已遭剥夺.  2 ~ sth (from sb/sth) take away (property, money, etc) illegally from the owners for one's own use （非法从物主处）取走（财物等）据为己有: He expropriated the jewels from the bank's safe. 他非法将他人的珠宝从银行保险箱中取走. 
expropriation
/ 9eks9prEUprI5eIFn; Zks9proprI`eFEn/ n [U, C].
expulsion
/ Ik5spQlFn; Ik`spQlFEn/ n ~ (from...)  1 [U] action of expelling or being expelled 驱逐; 开除: Expulsion from school is a harsh form of punishment. 开除学籍是严厉的惩罚. * [attrib 作定语] an expulsion order, ie an official order expelling a person from a country 驱逐出境令.  2 [C] instance of this 驱逐; 开除: There have been three expulsions from the school this year. 今年学校已开除了三名学生.
expunge
/ Ik5spQndV; Ik`spQndV/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文) remove or wipe out (words, names, etc) from a list, book, etc （从名单、 书等上）除去、 删除或擦掉（词语、 名字等）: Her name was expunged from the list. 她的名字已从名册上除掉. * (fig 比喻) He could not expunge the incident from his memory. 他无法忘掉这件事.
expurgate
/ 5ekspEgeIt; `ZkspL9^et/ v [Tn] remove (what are considered to be) improper or objectionable parts from (a book, etc) 从（书等中）删除（被认为）不当或令人反感的部分: an expurgated edition of a novel 一部小说的洁本. 
expurgation
/ 9ekspE5geIFn;9ZkspL`^eFEn/ n [C, U].
exquisite
/ 5ekskwIzIt, also Ik5skwIzIt; `ZkskwIzIt, Ik`skwI-zIt/ adj  1 extremely beautiful or delicate; finely or skilfully made or done 优美的; 优雅的; 精致的; 制作精良的: (an) exquisite painting 极漂亮的画 * exquisite workmanship 精致的工艺 * an exquisite piece of lace 精美的花边.  2 (fml 文) (a) (of emotion) strongly felt; acute （指感情）感觉强烈的; 剧烈的: exquisite joy, happiness, etc 极大的愉快、 幸福等 * exquisite pain, agony, etc 剧烈的疼痛、 痛苦等. (b) (of power to feel) delicate; sensitive （指感觉、 感受）敏锐的, 敏感的: exquisite taste 高尚的趣味 * exquisite sensibility 细腻的感情. 
exquisitely 
adv. 
exquisiteness 
n [U].
ext
abbr 缩写 =  1 exterior; external. Cf 参看 int 1.  2 extension (number) (eg of a telephone) 电话分机（号码）: ext 4299 分机号码4299.
extant
/ ek5stAnt; ?@ 5ekstEnt; `ZkstEnt/ adj (esp of documents, etc) still in existence （尤指文件等）仍然存在的, 现存的: the earliest extant manuscript of this poem 此诗现存最早的原稿 * an ancient but extant law 一古老的但仍然有效的法律.
extemporaneous
/ ek9stempE5reInIEs; Zk9stZmpE`renIEs/ adj (fml 文) spoken or done without preparation; extempore 即席的; 无准备的. 
extemporaneously
adv.
extempore
/ ek5stempErI; Ik`stZmpErI/ adj, adv (spoken or done) without previous thought or preparation; impromptu 无准备的; 即席的: an extempore speech 即席讲话 * speak extempore, ie without notes 即席发言.
extemporize, extemporise
/ Ik5stempEraIz; Ik`stZmpE9raIz/ v [I] (fml 文) speak or perform extempore 即席讲话; 即兴表演: He had to extemporize because he had forgotten to bring his notes. 他因为忘了带讲稿, 只好即席发言. 
extemporization, extemporisation
/ Ik9stempEraI-5zeIFn; ?@ -rI5z; Ik9stZmpErE`zeFEn/ n [U, C].
extend
/ Ik5stend; Ik`stZnd/ v  1 [Tn] make (sth) longer or larger (in space or time) 使（某物）（在空间或时间上）更大, 更长, 伸长, 延长, 延展: extend a fence, wall, railway, garden 扩建篱笆、 墙、 铁路、 花园 * extend credit, ie prolong the time for payment of a debt 延长信用期限 * Can you extend your visit a few days longer? 你能多停留几天吗?  2 [Tn, Tn.pr] lay or stretch out (the body or a limb) at full length 伸展, 舒展（肢体）: The gymnast extended her arms horizontally. 那女子体操运动员双臂平伸. * The bird extended its wings in flight. 那鸟展翅飞翔. * He extended his hand to (ie offered to shake hands with) the new employee. 他主动与新雇员握手.  3 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) offer or give sth 提供或给予某事物: They extended the Queen a warm welcome. 他们热烈欢迎女王. * extend hospitality, an invitation, a greeting to sb 款待、 邀请、 问候某人 * They extended a warm welcome to her. 他们向她表示热烈欢迎.  4 [In/pr] (of space, land, time, etc) reach or stretch; be continuous （指空间、 土地、 时间等）达到, 伸展, 伸延: The road extends for miles and miles. 这条路向远处绵延伸展. * My garden extends as far as the river. 我的花园一直伸展到河边.  5 [Tn, Tn.pr] cause (sth) to reach or stretch 使（某物）达到或伸展: extend the ladder 将梯子伸长 * extend a cable between two posts 在两根柱子间拉一条缆绳.  6 [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] use or stretch the abilities or powers of (oneself, a person or an animal) to the greatest possible degree 使（自己、 某人或某动物）竭尽全力: Jim didn't really have to extend himself in the examination. 吉姆这次考试大可不必那麽拼命. * The horse was fully extended by the long ride up the mountain. 那匹马长途爬山已用尽力气了.
extended family 
family structure (as in parts of Africa) where uncles, aunts and cousins are regarded as close relatives, with an obligation to help and support each other 大家庭（数代同堂的家庭）.
extension
/ Ik5stenFn; Ik`stZnFEn/ n  1 [U] process or action of extending (extend 1,2,3); state of being extended 伸长; 延长; 延展; 伸展; 提供; 给予: The extension of the garden will take several weeks. 扩建花园需要几个星期. * the extension of scientific knowledge 科学知识的普及 * the extension of a warm welcome 给予热烈的欢迎.  2 [C] (a) ~ (to sth) added part; addition; enlargement 增加的部分; 增加; 扩大: build an extension to a hospital 扩建一医院 * Our extension is nearly finished. 我们的扩建部分已接近完工. (b) ~ (of sth) additional period of time 增加的一段时间; 延长期: an extension of one's summer holidays 暑假的延长 * get an extension (of time), eg for paying a debt 获得延期（如偿债的宽限期） * He's got an extension to finish writing his thesis. 他获准延期交论文.  3 [C] telephone line leading from the main phone or switchboard to another room or office in a (large) building; its number 电话分机; 分机号码: There are telephone extensions in every office. 每间办公室都有电话分机. * She has an extension in the kitchen and in the bedroom. 她的厨房和卧室都有电话分机. * `Extension 326, please.' ｀请接326号分机.＇  4 [U] (medical or fml 医或文) (a) action of stretching out a limb or finger （四肢或手指的）伸展: Extension of the injured arm was painful. 把受伤的胳膊伸展开是很疼的. (b) its position when stretched out 伸展开的姿势: The leg is now at full extension. 现在腿已伸直.
extensive
/ Ik5stensIv; Ik`stZnsIv/ adj  1 large in area; extending far 广大的; 广阔的: an extensive view 广阔的视野 * extensive farming 粗放的耕作 * the extensive grounds of a country house 农舍的宽敞庭院.  2 large in amount; wide-ranging 大量的; 广泛的: extensive alterations to a building 对一建筑物大规模的改建 * Her knowledge of the subject is extensive. 她这方面的学识很渊博. 
extensively 
adv: He has travelled extensively in Europe. 他遍游欧洲各地. 
extensiveness 
n [U] (fml 文): The extensiveness of his knowledge surprised them. 他知识广博使他们很惊奇.
extent
/ Ik5stent; Ik`stZnt/ n  1 [U] length; area; range 长度; 面积; 范围: From the roof we could see the full extent of the park. 我们从屋顶可以一览公园的全景. * I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge. 我对他知识的渊博感到惊奇. * The new race track is nearly six miles in extent. 这条新跑道将近六英里长.  2 (idm 习语) to some, what, such an, a certain, etc extent to the degree specified 达到某程度: To some extent you are correct. 在某种程度上你是正确的. * To what extent can he be believed? 可以相信他到什麽程度? * The carpet was badly stained, to such an extent that (ie so much that) you couldn't tell its original colour. 这块地毯已经脏得辨认不出原来的颜色了. * I agree with you to a certain extent, but... 我在一定程度上同意你的意见, 但... * He's in debt to the extent of 200. 他负债达200英镑.
extenuate
/ Ik5stenjUeIt; Ik`stZnjJ9et/ v [Tn] (fml esp law 文, 尤用於法律) make (wrongdoing) less serious (by providing an excuse) （提出藉口或理由）使（罪过）的严重性减轻: Nothing can extenuate such appalling behaviour. 这种骇人听闻的行径罪无可恕. * Because of extenuating circumstances (ie facts taken into consideration that might be regarded as an excuse), the court acquitted him of the crime. 因考虑到情有可原, 法庭判他无罪.
extenuation
/ Ik9stenjU5eIFn; Ik9stZnjJ`eFEn/ n (fml 文) [U] action of extenuating; being extenuated 减轻罪责: He pleaded poverty in extenuation of (ie as an excuse for) the theft. 他以贫穷为藉口请求为他犯的偷窃罪从轻量刑.
exterior
/ Ik5stIErIE(r); Ik`stIrIL/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] on or coming from the outside; outer 外部的; 外来的; 外出的; 外面的; 外表的; 外界的: paint the exterior walls of a house 给房子的外墙刷油漆 * exterior features of a building 建筑物的外观. Cf 参看 interior.
exterior 
n  1 [sing] outward appearance or surface; outside 外貌; 外表; 外面; 外部: The exterior of the building is very unattractive. 这建筑物的外观很不起眼. * a gentle man with a rough exterior 外貌粗拙而性情温和的男子.  2 [C] scene set outside in a painting or play （绘画或戏剧的）外景.
exterminate
/ Ik5st\:mIneIt; Ik`st[mE9net/ v [Tn] destroy completely (a race or group of people or animals); wipe out 彻底毁灭（一种族、 一群人或动物）; 消灭; 根除; 灭绝: exterminate all the inhabitants of the village 灭绝村中所有的生灵 * exterminate rats to prevent the spread of disease 为防止疾病传播而灭鼠.
extermination
/ Ik9st\:mI5neIFn; Iks9t[mE`neFEn/ n [U].
external
/ Ik5st\:nl; Ik`st[nl/ adj  1 (of or for the) outside; situated on the outside of sth (esp the body) 外面的; 为外面的; 位於某物（尤指身体）外表的: for external use only, eg on a label on a skin cream 仅供外用（如皮肤膏的标记） * All his injuries are external, ie He hasn't been injured inside the body. 他受的伤都是外伤.  2 coming from outside (a place, sb's mind, etc) 来自（某地、 某人思想意识等）外部的: a tribe hardly affected by external influences 几乎没受过外来影响的部落 * This news programme only covers external events, ie foreignnews. 这一新闻节目只报道国外消息. Cf 参看 internal.
external 
n  1 [C] (infml 口) = external examiner.  2 externals [pl] (fml 文) outward features or appearances 外观; 外貌: Do not judge people by externals alone. 不能仅以貌取人. * the externals of religion, ie acts and ceremonies (contrasted with inner and spiritual aspects) 宗教的外在形式（宗教行为和仪式, 区别於内在的和精神的方面）.
externalize, externalise
/ -nElaIz; -nl9aIz/ v [Tn] (fml 文) make (sth) external 使（某事物）表面化: externalize one's thoughts, emotions, etc 使思想、 感情等表露出来.
externally
/ Ik5st\:nElI; Ik`st[nlI/ adv.
external evidence 
evidence obtained from independent sources, not from what is being examined 外证.
external examination 
examination arranged by authorities outside the school, college, etc of the person(s) taking the examination 校外考试（由校外专家前来主持的考试）.
external examiner (also external) 
person who conducts an external examination 校外主考人.
extinct
/ Ik5stINkt; Ik`stINkt/ adj  1 (esp of a type of animal, etc) no longer in existence （尤指某种动物等）不再存在的; 绝种的; 灭绝的: an extinct species 已灭绝的物种 * If we continue to destroy the countryside many more animals will become extinct. 我们若继续破坏自然环境, 将会有更多的动物绝种.  2 (a) (of a volcano) no longer active （指火山）不再活跃的, 熄灭的, 死的. (b) (fig rhet 比喻, 修辞) (of feelings, beliefs, etc) dead （指感情、 信仰等）消逝的, 破灭的: Nothing could rekindle her extinct passion. 她激情已逝, 无从心回意转.
extinction
/ Ik5stINkFn; Ik`stINkFEn/ n [U]  1 action of making extinct; state of being extinct 灭绝; 绝种: We may live to see the extinction of the whale. 人类或许能亲眼见到鲸的灭绝. * a tribe threatened by/with extinction 受到绝种威胁的部落.  2 (fml 文) act of extinguishing 熄灭: the extinction of a fire, a political movement, youthful hopes 火的熄灭、 政治运动的平息、 青年人希望的幻灭.
extinguish
/ Ik5stINgwIF; Ik`stIN^wIF/ v [Tn]  1 (a) cause (sth) to stop burning; put out 使（某物）熄灭; 扑灭: Please extinguish your cigarettes. 请将香烟熄灭. * They tried to extinguish the flames. 他们竭力要把火焰扑灭. (b) (fig fml 比喻, 文) end the existence of (hope, love, passion, etc) 使（希望、 爱情、 激情等）不复存在: His behaviour extinguished the last traces of affection she had for him. 他的这种行为使她对他的最後一丝爱慕之情荡然无存.  2 clear or pay off (a debt) 清偿（债务）.> extinguisher = fire extinguisher (fire).
extirpate
/ 5ekstEpeIt; `ZkstL9pet/ v [Tn] (fml 文) remove or destroy (sth) completely 根除或铲除（某事物）: extirpate social evils 根除社会弊端 *extirpate dissent, opposition, etc 清除异端、 对立面等. 
extirpation
/ 9ekstE5peIFn; 9ZkstL`peFEn/ n [U].
extol
/ Ik5stEUl; Ik`stol/ v (-ll-) [Tn, Tn.pr, Cn.n/a] ~sb (as sth) (fml 文) praise (sb/sth) highly 赞颂, 颂扬（某人[某事物]）: extol the merits of small businesses 赞扬小企业的优点 * extol sb's virtues to the skies, ie greatly 把某人的美德捧上天 * extol sb as a hero 把某人当作英雄来歌颂.
extort
/ Ik5stR:t; Ik`stRrt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb) obtain sth by violence, threats, etc 强夺; 强抢; 勒索; 敲诈: extort money from sb 勒索某人的金钱 * The police used torture to extort a confession from him. 警方对他严刑逼供.
extortion
/ Ik5stR:FEn; Ik`stRrFEn/ n  1 [U] action of extorting 强夺; 强抢; 勒索; 敲诈: obtain money by extortion 勒索金钱.  2 [C] instance of this 强夺; 强抢;勒索; 敲诈. 
extortioner
/ -FEnE(r); -FEnL/, extortionist /-FEnIst; -FEnIst/ ns person who extorts 强夺者; 强抢者; 勒索者; 敲诈者: [attrib 作定语] extortionist methods 敲诈勒索的手段.
extortionate
/ Ik5stR:FEnEt; Ik`stRrFEnIt/ adj (derog 贬) (of demands, prices) much too great or high; excessive （指要求、 价格）过大的, 过高的, 过多的, 过分的: The prices in this shop are extortionate. 这家商店价格过高. * They are asking an extortionate amount of money for their house. 他们的房子要价太高. 
extortionately 
adv: They charged me extortionately for a simple job. 他们为一件简单的工作敲我竹杠.
extra
/ 5ekstrE; `ZkstrE/ adj more than or beyond what is usual, expected or necessary; additional 额外的; 外加的; 附加的: extra pay for extra work 额外工作的额外报酬 * buy an extra pint of milk 再买一品脱牛奶 * The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people. 因为人太多, 公共汽车公司派出了加车. * The football match went into extra time, eg because of injury to players or a drawn score. 这场足球赛进入加时赛（如因运动员受伤或因比分持平）.
extra 
adv  1 more than usually 超过一般地; 特别地; 格外; 分外: an extra strong box 加固的箱子 * extra fine quality 特别好的质量.  2 in addition 额外; 外加; 除外: 20% extra  外加20% * price 1.30, packing and postage extra 价格1.30英镑, 包装和邮费另计.
extra 
n  1 extra thing; thing that costs extra 额外的事物; 另外收费的事物: Her school fees are 440 a term; music and dancing are extras. 她的学费是每学期440英镑, 音乐和舞蹈课另外收费.  2 (in cinema, TV, etc) person employed and paid (usu by the day) for a minor part, eg in a crowd scene （电影、 电视等的）临时演员（如扮演群众者）: We need hundreds of extras for the battle scenes. 我们拍战斗场面需要上百的临时演员.  3 (in cricket) run scored otherwise than from a hit by the bat （板球的）额外得分（非击球所得的分）.  4 special edition of a newspaper containing special or later news （报纸的）号外: a late night extra 晚间号外.
extra-
pref 前缀 (with adjs 与形容词连用)  1 outside; beyond 在...之外; 越出; 超出: extramarital * extrasensory.  2 very; to an exceptional degree 非常; 格外: extra-thin * extra-sensitive.
extra
/ 5ekstrE; `ZkstrE/ adj more than or beyond what is usual, expected or necessary; additional 额外的; 外加的; 附加的: extra pay for extra work 额外工作的额外报酬 * buy an extra pint of milk 再买一品脱牛奶 * The bus company provided extra buses because there were so many people. 因为人太多, 公共汽车公司派出了加车. * The football match went into extra time, eg because of injury to players or a drawn score. 这场足球赛进入加时赛（如因运动员受伤或因比分持平）.
extra 
adv  1 more than usually 超过一般地; 特别地; 格外; 分外: an extra strong box 加固的箱子 * extra fine quality 特别好的质量.  2 in addition 额外; 外加; 除外: 20% extra  外加20% * price 1.30, packing and postage extra 价格1.30英镑, 包装和邮费另计.
extra 
n  1 extra thing; thing that costs extra 额外的事物; 另外收费的事物: Her school fees are 440 a term; music and dancing are extras. 她的学费是每学期440英镑, 音乐和舞蹈课另外收费.  2 (in cinema, TV, etc) person employed and paid (usu by the day) for a minor part, eg in a crowd scene （电影、 电视等的）临时演员（如扮演群众者）: We need hundreds of extras for the battle scenes. 我们拍战斗场面需要上百的临时演员.  3 (in cricket) run scored otherwise than from a hit by the bat （板球的）额外得分（非击球所得的分）.  4 special edition of a newspaper containing special or later news （报纸的）号外: a late night extra 晚间号外.
extra-
pref 前缀 (with adjs 与形容词连用)  1 outside; beyond 在...之外; 越出; 超出: extramarital * extrasensory.  2 very; to an exceptional degree 非常; 格外: extra-thin * extra-sensitive.
extra-curricular
/ 9ekstrEkE5rIkjElE(r); 9ZkstrEkE`rIkjElL/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] outside the regular course of work or studies at a school or college 课外的: She's involved in many extra-curricular activities, such as music, sport and drama. 她参加了许多课外活动, 如音乐、 运动、 戏剧.
extra-marital
/ 9ekstrE5mArItl; 9ZkstrE`mArEtl/ adj of (a married person's) sexual relationships outside marriage 婚外的: have extra-marital relations with sb 与某人有婚外的性关系 * extra-marital affairs 婚外的风流韵事.
extra-sensory perception
/ 9ekstrE9sensErI pE5sepFn; 9ZkstrE 9sZnsErI pL`sZpFEn/ (abbr 缩写 ESP) (supposed) ability to perceive outside, past or future events without the use of the known senses 超感官知觉; 超感觉力: He seems to know when his wife is away from home by some kind of extra-sensory perception. 他凭某种超感觉力似乎知道妻子何时不在家.
extract
/ Ik5strAkt; Ik`strAkt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sb/sth)  1 (a) take or get sth out, usu with effort or by force 取出; 拔出: extract a cork from a bottle 拔出瓶塞 * have a tooth extracted 拔牙. (b) obtain (money, information, etc) usu from a person unwilling to give it 获取（钱、 消息等）（通常指获自不愿给予者）; 强索: extract a contribution from everyone 硬要大家捐献 * The police finally extracted the information after hours of questioning. 警方经数小时盘问, 终於套得这一情报. * It took me days to extract the truth from her. 我用了几天时间才从她那儿打探出事实真相.  2 obtain (juices, etc) by crushing, pressing, etc 压出, 榨出（汁液等）: extract juice from oranges 榨出橙子汁 * extract oil from olives, sunflower seeds, etc 榨出橄榄、 葵花籽等的油.  3 select and present (passages, examples, words, etc) from a book, speech, etc 从书、 讲话等中选取（段落, 例子, 词句等）; 摘录; 选录: poems extracted from a modern collection 由一本当代诗集中摘选的诗篇 * She extracted passages for the students to translate. 她选了些短文让学生翻译.
extract
/ 5ekstrAkt; `ZkstrAkt/ n  1 [U, C] substance that has been extracted (extract 2) and concentrated 榨出物; 浓缩物; 精; 汁: beef extract 浓缩的牛肉汁 * extract of malt 麦芽精 * yeast extract, ie a savoury spread 酵母萃.  2 [C] passage selected (from a poem, book, film, piece of music, etc) （从诗歌、 书、 电影、 乐曲等）精选的段落; 摘录; 选录; 选曲: a short extract from a piano sonata 钢琴奏鸣曲的选曲 * an extract from a long poem 长诗选萃 * She read out extracts from his letters. 她从他的信中挑了几段念出.
extraction
/ Ik5strAkFn; Ik`strAkFEn/ n  1 (a) [U] action of extracting (extract 1a) 取出; 拔出; 强索: the extraction of a tooth 拔牙 * the extraction of financial contributions 硬性摊派捐款 * the extraction of information 打探消息 * [attrib 作定语] an extraction process at a diamond mine 钻石矿的开采过程. (b) [C] instance of extracting a tooth 拔牙: He needs two extractions. 他需要拔掉两颗牙齿.  2 [U] (fml 文) descent; parentage 血统; 出身; 家世: an American of Hungarian extraction 匈牙利血统的美国人.
extractor
/ Ik5strAktE(r); Ik`strAktL/ n person or device that extracts (extract 2) （压榨汁液等的）人或装置; 榨取者; 榨汁机; 榨油机: He makes fresh orange juice with an electric extractor. 他用电动榨汁机榨取新鲜的橙汁. ex`tractor fan ventilator fan (in a kitchen, etc) for removing bad smells, etc （厨房等的）抽风扇, 排风扇. =>illus at fan 见fan之插图.
extradite
/ 5ekstrEdaIt; `ZkstrE9daIt/ v [Tn]  1 give up or send back (sb accused or convicted of a crime) to the country where the crime was (said to be) committed 引渡（被告或罪犯）: The Spanish police have refused to extradite a man wanted for a bank robbery in France. 西班牙警方拒绝引渡一个在法国抢劫银行而被通缉的人.  2 obtain (such a person) for trial or punishment 获得（被告或罪犯）的引渡. 
extradition
/ 9ekstrE5dIFn;9ZkstrE`dIFEn/ n [C, U]: the extradition of war criminals 对战犯的引渡.
extramural
/ 9ekstrE5mjUErEl; 9ZkstrE`mjJrEl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语]  1 (of university teaching, courses, etc) for people who are not full-time residential members of a university （指大学教学、 课程等）为校外学生的: extramural studies, lectures, courses, students 大学校外课程的学习、 大学校外课程的授课、 大学的校外课程、 大学校外课程部的学生 * the extramural department of a university 大学的校外课程部.  2 (of work, etc) not done as part of one's official (paid) duties （指工作等）业余的: on an extramural basis 在业余的基础上.
extraneous
/ Ik5streInIEs; Ik`strenIEs/ adj ~ (to sth)  1 not belonging to or directly connected with the subject or matter being dealt with 与正题无关的: extraneous information 无关的消息 * extraneous material in a book 书中的题外资料.  2 coming from outside 来自外部的; 外来的: extraneous interference 外来的干涉.
extraordinary
/ Ik5strR:dnrI; ?@ -dEnerI; Ik`strRrdn9ZrI/ adj  1 beyond what is ordinary; very unusual; remarkable 不平常的; 不普通的; 非常的; 格外的: Her talents are quite extraordinary. 她才华出众. * extraordinary weather for the time of year 一年中某段时间的反常天气 * an extraordinary film about a highly gifted child 关於一个天赋极高的孩子的出色影片.  2 [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) (of arrangements, meetings, etc) additional to what is usual or ordinary （指安排、 会议等）特别的: an extraordinary general meeting 特别全会.  3 (used immediately after a n 紧接名词之後) (fml 文) (of an official) specially employed; additional to the usual one （指官员）特命的, 特派的: envoy/ambassador extraordinary 特使[特派大使]. 
extraordinarily
/ Ik5strR:dnrElI; ?@ -dEnerElI; Ik`strRrdn9ZrElI/ adv: extraordinarily beautiful, thoughtful, rude 特别美丽的、 周到的、 粗野的.
extrapolate
/ Ik5strApEleIt; Ik`strApE9let/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文)  1 (mathematics 数) calculate (an unknown quantity) approximately from known values or measurements （从已知的值或量）推算出（未知的量）; 外推.  2 estimate (sth unknown) from facts that are already known 由已知事实估计（未知事物）; 推断; 推知: One can extrapolate the size of the building from the measurements of an average room.从一间屋子的量度可以推断出整座建筑物的大小.
extrapolation
/ Ik9strApE5leIFn; Ik`strApE9leFEn/ n [U] ~ (from sth) (fml 文): He estimated his income tax bill by extrapolation from figures submitted in previous years. 他从前几年的报税数字推算出自己应缴的所得税数额. =>illus at chart见chart之插图.
extraterrestrial
/ 9ekstrEtE5restrIEl; 9ZkstrEtE`rZstrIEl/ adj of or from outside the earth and its atmosphere 地球和大气层外的; 来自天外的: extraterrestrial life, beings, forces 地球外的生命、 生物、 力量.
extraterritorial
/ 9ekstrE9terI5tR:rIEl; 9ZkstrE9tZrE`tRrIEl/ (also exterritorial / eks9terI5tR:rIEl; 9ZkstZrI`tRrIEl/) adj (fml 文) (of an ambassador, etc) free from the laws of the country in which one lives （指大使等）不受所在国法律约束的, 治外法权的: extraterritorial rights and privileges 治外法权及其特权.
extravagant
/ Ik5strAvEgEnt; Ik`strAvE^Ent/ adj  1 (in the habit of) using or spending too much; (of actions) showing this tendency （惯於）奢侈的, 挥霍的; （指行为）放纵的: an extravagant man 挥霍无度的人 * extravagant tastes and habits 奢侈的嗜好和习惯 * an extravagant use of natural resources 自然资源的滥用.  2 (of ideas, speech or behaviour) going beyond what is reasonable, usual or necessary （指想法、 言行）放肆的, 越轨的, 过度的: extravagant praise, behaviour, claims 过分的赞扬、 放肆的行为、 过高的要求 * pay extravagant compliments 过分夸奖.
extravagance
/ -gEns; -^Ens/ n  1 [U] being extravagant(1) 奢侈; 挥霍: His extravagance explains why he is always in debt. 他挥霍无度, 难怪总欠债.  2 [C] extravagant thing, act, statement, etc 奢侈品; 放纵的言行等: I do not regard books as extravagances. 我认为书不是侈奢品.
extravagantly 
adv: extravagantly dressed 衣著奢侈.
extravaganza
/ Ik9strAvE5gnzE; Ik9strAvE`^AnzE/ n entertainment with elaborate and colourful costumes, scenery, etc （带有华丽服装、 场景等的）娱乐表演: a costly musical extravaganza on television 电视上播出的 大场面音乐节目.
extreme
/ Ik5stri:m; Ik`strim/ adj  1 [attrib 作定语] as far away as possible (esp from the centre or beginning); remote 尽可能远的（尤指距中心或起点）; 遥远的; 久远的: in the extreme north of a country 在一国的最北部 * the extreme edge of the forest 森林最远的边缘 * in extreme old age 极高的年龄.  2 [usu attrib 通常作定语] of the highest degree or intensity; greatest possible 程度或强度最高的; 最大可能的; 极度的: show extreme patience, kindness, gentleness, etc 表现出极为耐心、 和蔼、 温柔等 * in extreme pain 在极度的痛苦中 * (fml 文) The extreme penalty of the law in some countries is the death penalty. 有些国家的极刑是死刑.  3 (often derog 常作贬义) (of people and their opinions) far from moderate （指人和意见）偏激的, 极端的: hold extreme views 持偏激观点 * a supporter of the extreme left/right, ie a person who supports communism/fascism 极左[右]思想的拥护者（拥护共产主义[法西斯主义]的人） * His ideas are too extreme for me. 我认为他的思想太偏激了.
extreme 
n [C usu pl 通常作复数]  1 feeling, condition, etc as far apart or as different from another as possible 极端不同的感情、 状况等: the extremes of misery and bliss 悲惨与极乐天壤之别的境遇 * Love and hate are extremes of passion. 爱与恨是感情的两个极端. * He was once terribly shy but now he's gone to the opposite extreme. 他以前特别　腆, 可现在却判若两人.  2 greatest or highest degree; either end of anything 最大程度; 最高程度; 极端: He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert. 他忍受不住沙漠的酷热.  3 (idm 习语) go, etc to ex`tremes act or be forced to act in a way that is far from moderate or normal 走极端: In the jungle, they were driven to extremes in order to survive. 在丛林中, 他们为了生存被迫采取极端行动. in the ex`treme (fml 文) to the highest degree; extremely 极端; 极度: This is inconvenient in the extreme. 这极不方便.
extremely 
adv (with adjs and advs 与形容词和副词连用) to a very high degree 极端; 极其; 非常: That's extremely interesting. 那极为有趣. * I'm extremely sorry for the delay. 对此延误, 我深感抱歉.
extremist 
n (usu derog 通常作贬义) person who holds extreme(3) views (esp in politics) （尤指政治上）偏激的人, 极端主义者: When it comes to talking about patriotism, he's an extremist. 一谈到爱国主义, 他就很偏激. * [attrib 作定语] extremist policies 极端主义的政策. 
extremism 
n [U] holding of such views 极端主义: The council was often accused of extremism. 人们常抨击该委员会是极端主义. * the extremism of some feminists 有些女权主义者所持的极端主义观点.
extremity
/ Ik5stremEtI; Ik`strZmEtI/ n  1 (a) [C] (fml 文) furthest point, end or limit of sth 极端; 末端; 极限; 尽头: the extremities of the world 世界的尽头. (b) extremities [pl] furthest parts of the human body, eg hands and feet （人的）肢体（如手和足）: Cold affects the extremities first. 手和脚最先感到寒冷.  2 [sing] (fml 文) extreme degree (esp of misery, suffering, etc); great misfortune or distress 极度（尤指悲惨、 痛苦等）; 极大的不幸或危难: reach an extremity of despair 绝望已极 * How can we help them in their extremity? 我们怎样帮助他们摆脱困境呢?  3 [C usu pl 通常作复数] (fml 文) exceptionally cruel or violent behaviour 极端残暴的行为: Both armies were guilty of extremities. 两军都犯有残暴的罪行.
in extremis
/ 9InIk5stri:mIs; 9InIk`strimIs/ (Latin 拉)  1 (fml 文) (as a last resort when) in an emergency 在紧急关头; 应变措施: This alarm button is only to be used in extremis. 此警报按钮只在紧急情况下使用.  2 (religion 宗) (in the Roman Catholic Church) about to die （天主教会用语）临终: administer the last sacrament to sb in extremis 给临终的人傅油.
extricate
/ 5ekstrIkeIt; `ZkstrI9ket/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from sth) (fml 文) set sb/sth free; release sb/sth 解脱某人[某物]; 释放某人[某物]: The bird had to be extricated from the netting. 要把小鸟从网中救出. * extricate oneself from an unhappy love affair 使自己摆脱不快的爱情纠葛.
extrinsic
/ ek5strInsIk; Zk`strInsIk/ adj ~ (to sth) (fml 文) (of qualities, values, etc) not belonging to or part of the real nature of a person or thing; coming from outside （指性质、 价值等）非固有的, 外来的, 外在的: extrinsic facts 非本质的事实 * information extrinsic to the situation 与局势无关的消息. Cf 参看 intrinsic.
extrovert
/ 5ekstrEv\:t; `ZkstrE9v[t/ n  1 person more interested in what is happening around him than in his own thoughts and emotions 性格外向的人; 性格外倾的人: Extroverts prefer lively conversation to brooding on the meaning of life. 性格外向的人喜欢高谈阔论, 而不愿思索人生的意义.  2 (infml 口) lively, cheerful and sociable person 活跃、 愉快、 爱交际的人: She's a good person to invite to a party because she's such an extrovert. 最好把她邀来参加聚会, 因为她很爱交际. * [attrib 作定语] extrovert behaviour 性格外向的举止. Cf 参看 introvert.
extroversion
/ 9ekstrE5v\:Fn; ?@ 5v\:rVn;9ZkstrE`v[VEn/ n [U] (fml 文) state of being extroverted 外向性; 外倾.
extrude
/ Ik5stru:d; Ik`strud/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (from sth) (fml 文)  1 force or squeeze out sth under pressure 压出, 挤出, 逐出（某物）: extrude glue from a tube 从管里挤出胶水.  2 shape (metal, plastic, etc) by forcing it through a die （通过模具）将（金属、 塑料等）挤压成形: nylon extruded as very thin fibres 挤压而成的细尼龙纤维. 
extrusion
/ Ik5stru:Vn; Ik`struVEn/ n [C, U] (fml 文).
exuberant
/ Ig5zju:bErEnt; ?@ -5zu:-; I^`zubErEnt/ adj  1 (esp of people and their behaviour) overflowing with happiness and excitement; very lively and cheerful （尤指人和行为）兴高采烈的, 活跃的, 愉快的: exuberant children at a fair 在游乐场上兴高采烈的儿童 * She gave an exuberant account of the party. 她生动地介绍了那一聚会的情形.  2 (of plants, etc) growing vigorously; luxuriant （指植物等）茁壮的, 茂盛的; 繁茂的: plants with exuberant foliage 枝叶扶疏的植物 * (fig 比喻) an exuberant imagination 丰富的想像力.
exuberance
/ -rEns; -rEns/ n [U] state or quality of being exuberant 兴高采烈; 活跃; 愉快; 茁壮; 茂盛: the natural exuberance of young children 幼儿固有的活泼 * The speaker's exuberance enlivened a boring conference. 讲演者谈笑风生, 使死气沉沉的会议顿添生气.
exuberantly 
adv.
exude
/ Ig5zju:d; ?@ -5zu:d; I^`zud/ v  1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] (fml 文) ~ (sth) (from/through sth) (of drops of liquid, etc) come or pass out slowly; ooze out （指液滴等）缓慢流出, 渗出, 分泌出: Sweat exudes through the pores. 汗从毛孔中渗出. * The hot sun made him exude sweat. 烈日晒得他汗流浃背.  2 [Tn, Tn.pr] give out or radiate an air or feeling of (sth) 流露出对（某事物）的神态或感情: exude cheerfulness 流露出愉快的神情 * He exudes confidence and energy. 他信心十足、 精力充沛. 
exudation
/ 9eksju:5deIFn; ?@ 9eksu:-; 9ZksJ`deFEn/ n [U] (fml 文).
exult
/ Ig5zQlt; Ig`zQlt/ v (fml 文) [I, Ipr, It] ~ (at/in sth) get great pleasure from sth; rejoice greatly 从某事物中获得巨大的快乐; 狂喜: exult at her sister's success 对她姐姐的成功欣喜若狂 * He obviously exulted in winning. 他获胜後喜形於色. * exulting to find that one has succeeded 对自己的成功欢欣鼓舞. 
exultant
/-Ent; -nt/ adj ~ (at sth) exulting; triumphant 欢欣的; 狂喜的; 欢跃的: an exultant shout of victory 胜利的欢呼声 * exultant at one's success 为自己的成功而欢欣鼓舞. 
exultantly 
adv: exultantly proud 扬扬得意.
exultation
/ 9egzQl5teIFn; 9ZgzQl`teFEn/ n [U] ~ (at sth) great happiness 狂喜; 大喜; 欢跃; 得意: the exultaion of the winner 获胜者的欢欣雀跃.
-ey
=>-Y1.
eye
/ aI; aI/ n  1 (a) organ of sight 眼睛: I can't see out of this eye. 我这只眼看不见东西. * She opened/closed her eyes. 她睁开[闭上]眼睛. * He is blind in one eye. 他有一只眼失明. * He lost an eye in the war. 他在战争中瞎了一只眼睛. * [attrib 作定语] The surgeon is performing an eye operation. 医师正在做眼科手术. =>illus 见插图. (b) visible coloured part of this; iris 虹膜: have blue eyes 有蓝眼睛.  2 power of seeing; observation 视力; 眼力: She has sharp eyes, ie very good eyesight. 她视力极好. * To her expert eye, the painting was terrible. 她以内行的眼光看, 这幅画糟透了. * His eyes fell upon (ie he saw) an advertisement in the magazine. 他看到杂志上的一则广告上.  3 thing like an eye 似眼之物; 眼状物: the eye of a needle, ie the hole for the thread 针鼻儿（针上引线的孔） * a hook and eye, ie fastening with a hook and loop for a dress, etc 一副钩扣（系衣服的钩与环） * the eye of a potato, ie point from which a leaf bud will grow 马铃薯的芽眼  4 (idm 习语) a bird's eye view =>bird. the apple of sb's eye =>apple. as far as the eye can see far2. be all `eyes be watching intently 目不转睛地看; 全神贯注地看: The children were all eyes as we opened the parcel. 孩子们目不转睛地看著我们把包裹打开. cast an eye/one's eye(s) over sb/sth =>cast1. catch sb's attention/eye =>catch1. clap/lay/set eyes on sb/sth see sb/sth 看见某人[某物]: I disliked the place the moment I clapped eyes on it. 我一看见这个地方就讨厌. * I hope I never set eyes on him again. 我希望再也不要见到他了. close one's eyes to sth =>close4. cry one's eyes/heart out =>cry1. do sb in the `eye (infml 口) hurt or humiliate sb 伤害某人; 羞辱某人: He certainly did his colleagues in the eye when he got the boss's approval. 他得到老板的夸奖, 确也得罪了同事. easy on the ear/eye =>easy1. the evil eye =>evil. an ,eye for an `eye a punishment as severe as the injury that was suffered; retaliation 以眼还眼; 报复: The death penalty for murder works on the principle of an eye for an eye. 犯谋杀罪处以死刑, 其原则是一命抵一命. the eye of the `storm a relatively calm spot in the centre of a storm, esp a hurricane 台风眼. the eye of the `wind (also the wind's `eye) point from which the wind is blowing 起风处; 风眼. sb's eyes are bigger than his `stomach (saying 谚) someone is too greedy in asking for or taking more food than he can eat 眼大肚小; 眼馋肚饱. eyes `right/`left/`front (as a military command) turn the head and look to the right, etc （用作军令）向右看齐[向左看齐/向前看]. feast one's eyes =>feast. find/lose favour with sb/in sb's eyes =>favour1. for `sb's eyes only only to be looked at, read, etc by the person specified 只给所指定的人看、 读等: The top secret file was marked `For the President's eyes only'. 在绝密档案上标有｀只供总统亲阅＇字样. get one's `eye/`hand in (in ball games) become able, through practice, to follow with one's eyes the movement of the ball/to hit the ball accurately （在球戏中）通过锻炼能用眼跟上球的动向[准确击球]: Now that she's got her eye in she plays an excellent game of tennis. 她已能盯住球了, 所以网球打得很好. give sb/get the (glad) `eye (infml 口) give sb/get inviting or amorous looks 向某人传送[看到传来的]诱人的或多情的眼色; 抛媚眼; 送秋波: The woman at the next table was giving him the glad eye. 坐在旁边桌子那儿的女子向他抛媚眼. glance one's eye down/over/through sth =>glance. a gleam in sb's eye =>gleam. have an eye for sth be a good judge of or have a proper sense of sth 对某事物有判断力或鉴赏力; 有眼力; 有眼光: He has an eye for a bargain. 他识便宜货. have eyes in the back of one's `head observe everything (without seeming to do so) 脑袋後边长著眼睛; （留意到一切而不露声色）: How did you know I was behind you? You must have eyes in the back of your head. 你怎麽知道我在你後边? 你脑袋後面准是长眼睛了吧. have/with an eye to sth/doing sth have/having sth as one's aim or purpose 将某事作为自己的目标或目的: He always has an eye to business, ie looks for a chance of doing business. 他总是找机会做生意. * He kept the customer talking with an eye to selling him something else. 他引著顾客说个不停, 想再卖给人家一些别的东西. have/with an eye for/on/to the main `chance look/looking for an opportunity for personal gain (esp to make money) 找便宜（尤指赚钱） have, etc one's eyes on stalks be looking at sth with fascination, astonishment, etc 著迷地、 惊奇地...看著某事物 have a roving eye =>rove. hit sb in the eye =>hit. if you had half an eye if you were not so dull and unobservant 假如你不是瞎了眼睛; 你要是稍微留意一下 in the eyes of the `law, `world, etc from the point of view of the law, etc; as the law, etc sees it 从法律等的角度看; 就法律等的观点而言: In the eyes of the law she is guilty though few ordinary people would think so. 从法律上说, 她有罪; 但一般人不见得这麽看. in the eyes of `sb/in `sb's eyes in the opinion or estimation of sb 在某人的心目中; 在某人看来: In your father's eyes you're still a child. 在你父亲的眼里你仍是个孩子. in one's mind's eye =>mind1. in the public eye =>public. in the twinkling of an eye =>twinkle. keep a close eye/watch on sb/sth =>close1. keep an `eye on sb/sth make sure that sb/sth is safe, etc; look after sb/sth 照料某人[某事物]: Keep an eye on the baby. 照看一下这个婴儿. * Could you keep an eye on my suitcase for a moment? 你能给我照管一会儿手提箱吗? keep an eye open/out (for sb/sth) (infml 口) watch for sb/sth; look out for sb/sth 留心或注意某人[某事物]: I've lost my ring  could you keep an eye out for it when you clean the house? 我的戒指不见了--你打扫房子时能留点儿神吗? keep one's ears/eyes open =>open1. keep one's `eyes peeled/skinned (for sb/sth) watch carefully; be observant 仔细观看; 留意: The tramp always keeps his eyes peeled for coins lying on the ground. 那流浪汉总是注意著寻找地上的硬币. * Keep your eyes skinned for a campsite! 留意找个宿营地! keep a weather eye open =>weather1. lift one's eyes =>lift. (be unable to) look sb in the `eye(s)/`face (be unable to) look at sb steadily (because one feels ashamed, embarrassed, etc) （不能）直视某人（因觉得惭愧、 尴尬等）: Can you look me in the eyes and say you did'nt break the window? 你能正眼看著我说, 窗户不是你打碎的吗? make (`sheep's) `eyes at sb look amorously at sb 向某人抛媚眼、 送秋波: The lovers were making sheep's eyes at each other over the table. 恋人隔著桌子互送秋波. meet sb's eye =>meet1. meet the ear/eye =>meet1. the mote in sb's eye =>mote. (all) ,my `eye (infml 口) (esp of sth said that is intended to deceive or mislead) completely untrue or nonsensical （尤指所说的话意在欺骗或使人误解）瞎说, 胡说: She said she was only twenty-two --- twenty-two my eye! 她说她只有二十二岁--二十二岁, 胡说八道! the naked eye =>naked. never/not (be able to) take one's `eyes off sb/sth never/not (be able to) stop watching sb/sth 目不转睛地看著某人[某物]: He couldn't take his eyes off the beautiful newcomer. 他目不转睛地盯著那位新来的美人. not believe one's ears/eyes =>believe. not a dry eye in the house =>dry1. one in the eye (for sb/sth) (infml 口) hard or unkind rejection or defeat 惨败; 挫折: If she gets the job, that's one in the eye for Peter: he was desperate to get it. 假使她获得这份工作, 那对彼得是当头一棒; 他是拼命想得到这份工作的. only have eyes for/have eyes only for sb only be interested in or in love with (a specified person) 只对（某人）感兴趣; 只爱恋（某人）: It's no use asking Kim to go out with you; she only has eyes for Mark. 你邀请金和你出去是白请, 她心目中只有马克. Open one's/sb's eyes (to sth) =>open2. out of the corner of one's eye =>corner1. pull the wool over sb's eyes =>pull2. the scales fall from sb's eyes =>scale. (not) see eye to `eye with sb (not) agree entirely; (not) have similar views （不）完全一致; （没）有相同的看法: Jim and I have never seen eye to eye on this matter. 我和吉姆对此事的意见从来就不一致. see, etc sth with `half any eye see, etc sth at a glance 对某事物一目了然. shut/close one's eyes to sth refuse to see or take notice of sth 对某事物视而不见: The government shuts its eyes to poverty. 政府对贫穷问题置若罔闻. * She closed her eyes to her husband's infidelities. 她丈夫有不忠行为, 她却视而不见. a sight for sore eyes =>sight. there is more in/to sb/sth than meets the eye =>meet1. throw dust in sb's eyes =>dust1. turn a blind eye =>blind1. under/before one's very `eyes (a) in one's presence; in front of one 当著某人的面; 在某人面前: `Ladies and gentlement! Before your very eyes I will cut this man in half,' said the magician. ｀女士们、 先生们! 我要当著你们大家把这个人一分为二, ＇魔术师说. (b) without attempting to hide what one is doing 不想隐瞒自己所做的事: He stole the stuff from under my very eyes. 他当著我的面偷走的. (be) up to one's ears/ eyes/ eyebrows/ neck in sth =>ear. the wind's eye = the eye of the wind. with one's `eyes open fully aware of what one is doing 充分了解自己所做之事: I moved to this country with my eyes open; so I'm not complaining. 我迁居到这个国家是心中有数的, 所以我并无怨言. * He married her with her eyes wide open. 他娶她时心里有底. with one's `eyes shut/closed without much effort; easily 没费多大力气; 轻易地: He's cooked that meal so often he can do it with his eyes closed. 他常做那种饭菜, 闭著眼也能做.
-eyed 
(forming compound adjs 用以构成复合形容词) having an eye or eyes of the specified kind 有某种眼睛的: a blue-eyed girl * a one-eyed man, ie man with only one eye.
eyeful
/ fUl; -9fJl/ n  1 thing thrown or blown into one's eye 掷入、 刮入或吹入眼中之物: get an eyeful of sand 眼里刮进沙子.  2 (infml 口) interesting or attractive sight 有趣的或诱人的景象: She's quite an eyeful! 她真是个美人!  3 (idm 习语) have/get an eyeful (of sth) (infml 口) have a good long look (at sth interesting, remarkable, unusual, etc) 好好看看（有趣的、 美妙的、 罕见的等物）: `Come and get an eyeful of this  there's a giraffe in the garden!' ｀快来看哪--花园里有个长颈鹿!＇
eyeball 
n  1 round part of the eye within the eyelids and socket 眼珠; 眼球. =>illus 见插图.  2 (idm 习语) ,eyeball to `eyeball (with sb) (infml 口) confronting a person closely; face to face 互相对视; 面对面: We must discuss the situation eyeball to eyeball. 我们要面对面地研究一下这种情况.
eye-bath 
n small cup shaped to fit round the eye for holding lotion, etc in which to bathe the eye 洗眼器; 洗眼杯.
eyebrow 
n  1 arch of hair above the human eye 眉; 眉毛: pluck one's eyebrows 拔眉毛. =>illus 见插图. =>Usage at body 用法见body.  2 (idm 习语)raise one'seyebrows =>raise. up to one's ears/eyes/eyebrows/neck in sth =>ear. `eyebrow pencil make-up pencil used for darkening the eyebrows 眉笔.
eye-catching 
adj striking and noticeable, esp because pleasant to look at 别人注目的; 令人注意的（尤指悦目者）: an eye-catching suit, hat, etc 引人注目的服装、 帽子等.
eyeglass 
n lens (for one eye) to help poor eyesight （眼镜的）镜片; 单片眼镜: The old man wore an eyeglass attached to a piece of ribbon. 那老人戴著单片眼镜, 上面连结著一条丝带.
eyelash (also lash) 
n hair, or one of the rows of hairs, on the edge of the eyelid 睫毛: She was wearing false eyelashes, ie artifical eyelashes, stuck to the eyelids. 她戴著假睫毛. =>illus 见插图.
eyeless 
adj (fml 文) without eyes; without sight 无眼的; 无视力的.
eye-level 
adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] level with a person's eyes when looking straight ahead （直视时）与眼睛相平的: an eye-level grill 与眼睛相平的铁栅栏.
eyelid (also lid) 
n  1 upper or lower of two movable folds of skin that close to cover the eyeball 眼睑; 眼皮: His eyelid is swollen. 他眼皮肿了. =>illus 见插图.  2 (idm 习语) not bat an eyelid =>bat1.
eye-liner (also liner) 
n cosmetic applied as a line round (part of) the eye 眼线液.
eye-opener 
n event, etc that is enlightening or causes surprise 令人开眼界的或令人惊奇的事物: My trip to India was quite an eye-opener. 我的印度之行真令我大开眼界.
eyepiece 
n lens at the end of a telescope or microscope through which the observer looks （望远镜或显微镜的）接目镜. =>illus at microscope 见microscope之插图.
eye-shade 
n device worn above the eyes to protect them from strong light 遮光帽檐: The tennis umpire wore an eye-shade. 那网球裁判戴著遮光帽檐.
eye-shadow 
n [C, U] type of cosmetic applied to the eyelids 眼影膏.
eyesight 
n [U] power of seeing; ability to see 视力: have good/bad/poor eyesight 有良好的[很糟的/微弱的]视力.
eyesore 
n ugly object; thing that is unpleasant to look at 丑陋的物品; 难看的东西: That old block of flats is a real eyesore! 那座旧公寓真不顺眼!
eye-strain 
n [U] tired condition of the eyes (caused, eg by reading very small print, or in dim light) 眼睛疲劳（如因读小字或光线暗所致）.
eye-tooth 
n (pl eye-teeth)  1 canine tooth in the upper (human) jaw, under the eye （人的）上犬齿.  2 (idm 习语) cut one's `eye-teeth acquire experience in the ways of the world 获得世事经验; 通晓世故: He'll have to cut his eye-teeth before he gets promoted. 他要有些阅历才可获提升. give one's eye-teeth for sth wish to possess or obtain sth very much 非常希望具有、 占有或得到某物: He'd give his eye-teeth to own a car like that. 他巴不得有那样一辆汽车.
eye-wash 
n [U] (a) liquid for bathing the eyes 洗眼药水 (b) (infml 口) thing said or done to deceive or create a false impression; nonsense 瞎扯; 瞎说; 胡说八道; 胡言乱语; 弄虚作假: He pretends to care so much about his children, but it's all eyewash: he never even takes them out. 他貌似很关心自己的孩子, 其实都是假像, 他从来不带他们出去.
eyewitness 
n = witness: [attrib 作定语] an eyewitness account of a crime 目击者对一罪行的叙述.
eye
/ aI; aI/ v  1 [Tn, Tn.pr] (a) observe or watch (sb/sth) in the specified way 以所述方式观察或观看（某人[某事物]）: He eyed me with suspicion. 他怀疑地看著我. * They were ey(e)ing us jealously. 他们忌妒地看著我们. (b) look at (sth) with longing 渴望地看（某物）: The children were ey(e)ing the sweets. 孩子们眼巴巴地看著糖果.  2 (phr v) eye sb up (and down) (infml 口) look at sb amorously (in order to try to attract) 含情脉脉地看某人（以图吸引对方）: Did you see that creep eyeing up every woman at the party? 你看见那个讨厌的家伙了吗? 他对聚会上的每个女人都垂涎欲滴地打量不停.
eyelet
/ 5aIlIt; `aIlIt/ n [C] small hole in cloth, in a sail, etc for a rope, etc to go through; metal ring round such a hole, to strengthen it （布、 帆等上穿绳等用的）孔眼; （镶孔眼的）金属环.
eyrie (also eyry, aerie, aery)
/ 5aIErI; `aIErI/ n eagle's nest; nest of other birds of prey built high up among rocks 鹰巢; 建在岩石高处的其他猛禽的巢.