/*************************************************************************** Knuckle Joe - (c) 1985 Seibu Kaihatsu ( Taito License ) driver by Ernesto Corvi Notes: This board seems to be an Irem design. The sound hardware is definitely the 6803-based one used by the classic Irem games, and the video hardware is pretty much like Irem games too. The only strange thing is that the screen is flipped vertically. TODO: - sprite vs. sprite priority especially on ground level Updates: - you can't play anymore after you die(clock speed too low, check XTAL) - scrolling in bike levels(scroll register overflow) - sprites disappearing at left screen edge(bad clipping) - artifacts in stage 3 and others(clear sprite mem at bank switch?) (081503AT) ***************************************************************************/ #include "driver.h" #include "audio/irem.h" #include "cpu/m6800/m6800.h" /* from video */ extern VIDEO_START( kncljoe ); extern PALETTE_INIT( kncljoe ); extern VIDEO_UPDATE( kncljoe ); extern WRITE8_HANDLER(kncljoe_videoram_w); extern WRITE8_HANDLER(kncljoe_control_w); extern WRITE8_HANDLER(kncljoe_scroll_w); extern UINT8 *kncljoe_scrollregs; static ADDRESS_MAP_START( readmem, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM, 8 ) AM_RANGE(0x0000, 0xbfff) AM_READ(MRA8_ROM) AM_RANGE(0xc000, 0xcfff) AM_READ(videoram_r) /* videoram */ AM_RANGE(0xd800, 0xd800) AM_READ(input_port_0_r) /* IN 0 */ AM_RANGE(0xd801, 0xd801) AM_READ(input_port_1_r) /* IN 1 */ AM_RANGE(0xd802, 0xd802) AM_READ(input_port_2_r) /* IN 2 */ AM_RANGE(0xd803, 0xd803) AM_READ(input_port_3_r) /* DSW A */ AM_RANGE(0xd804, 0xd804) AM_READ(input_port_4_r) /* DSW B */ AM_RANGE(0xd807, 0xd807) AM_READ(MRA8_NOP) /* unknown read */ AM_RANGE(0xd817, 0xd817) AM_READ(MRA8_NOP) /* unknown read */ AM_RANGE(0xe800, 0xefff) AM_READ(MRA8_RAM) /* spriteram */ AM_RANGE(0xf000, 0xffff) AM_READ(MRA8_RAM) ADDRESS_MAP_END static ADDRESS_MAP_START( writemem, ADDRESS_SPACE_PROGRAM, 8 ) AM_RANGE(0x0000, 0xbfff) AM_WRITE(MWA8_ROM) AM_RANGE(0xc000, 0xcfff) AM_WRITE(kncljoe_videoram_w) AM_BASE(&videoram) AM_RANGE(0xd000, 0xd001) AM_WRITE(kncljoe_scroll_w) AM_BASE(&kncljoe_scrollregs) AM_RANGE(0xd800, 0xd800) AM_WRITE(irem_sound_cmd_w) AM_RANGE(0xd801, 0xd803) AM_WRITE(kncljoe_control_w) AM_RANGE(0xe800, 0xefff) AM_WRITE(MWA8_RAM) AM_BASE(&spriteram) AM_SIZE(&spriteram_size) AM_RANGE(0xf000, 0xffff) AM_WRITE(MWA8_RAM) ADDRESS_MAP_END /******************************************************************************/ INPUT_PORTS_START( kncljoe ) PORT_START_TAG("IN0") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START1 ) PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_START2 ) PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN1 ) PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_COIN2 ) PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_START_TAG("IN1") PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_UP ) PORT_8WAY PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_DOWN ) PORT_8WAY PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_LEFT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON1 ) PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_START /* IN 2 */ PORT_BIT( 0x01, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_UP ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x02, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_DOWN ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x04, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_LEFT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x08, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_JOYSTICK_RIGHT ) PORT_8WAY PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x10, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON1 ) PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x20, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_BUTTON2 ) PORT_COCKTAIL PORT_BIT( 0x40, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_BIT( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW, IPT_UNKNOWN ) PORT_START_TAG("DSWA") PORT_DIPNAME( 0x07, 0x07, DEF_STR( Coin_A ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( 5C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x04, DEF_STR( 4C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x02, DEF_STR( 3C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x06, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x07, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x03, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x05, DEF_STR( 1C_3C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x01, DEF_STR( 1C_5C ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x18, 0x18, DEF_STR( Coin_B ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( 3C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x10, DEF_STR( 2C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x18, DEF_STR( 1C_1C ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x08, DEF_STR( 1C_2C ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x20, 0x20, "Infinite Energy (Cheat)") PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x20, DEF_STR( Off ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( On ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x40, 0x40, "Free Play (Not Working)") // Not working due to code at 0x296f PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x40, DEF_STR( Off ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( On ) ) PORT_SERVICE( 0x80, IP_ACTIVE_LOW ) PORT_START_TAG("DSWB") PORT_DIPNAME( 0x01, 0x01, "Unused SW B-0" ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x01, DEF_STR( Off ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( On ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x02, 0x02, DEF_STR( Cabinet ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x02, DEF_STR( Upright ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( Cocktail ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x04, 0x04, DEF_STR( Lives ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x04, "3" ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, "5" ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x18, 0x18, DEF_STR( Bonus_Life ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x18, "10k and every 20k" ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x10, "20k and every 40k" ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x08, "30k and every 60k" ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, "40k and every 80k" ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x60, 0x60, "Difficulty?" ) // Stored at 0xf018 PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x60, DEF_STR( Easy ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x40, DEF_STR( Medium ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x20, DEF_STR( Hard ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( Hardest ) ) PORT_DIPNAME( 0x80, 0x00, DEF_STR( Demo_Sounds ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x80, DEF_STR( Off ) ) PORT_DIPSETTING( 0x00, DEF_STR( On ) ) INPUT_PORTS_END static const gfx_layout charlayout = { 8,8, RGN_FRAC(1,3), 3, { RGN_FRAC(2,3), RGN_FRAC(1,3), RGN_FRAC(0,3) }, { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }, { 0*8, 1*8, 2*8, 3*8, 4*8, 5*8, 6*8, 7*8 }, 8*8 }; static const gfx_layout spritelayout = { 16,16, RGN_FRAC(1,3), 3, { RGN_FRAC(2,3), RGN_FRAC(1,3), RGN_FRAC(0,3) }, { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8*8+0, 8*8+1, 8*8+2, 8*8+3, 8*8+4, 8*8+5, 8*8+6, 8*8+7 }, { 0*8, 1*8, 2*8, 3*8, 4*8, 5*8, 6*8, 7*8, 16*8, 17*8, 18*8, 19*8, 20*8, 21*8, 22*8, 23*8 }, 32*8 }; static GFXDECODE_START( kncljoe ) GFXDECODE_ENTRY( REGION_GFX1, 0, charlayout, 0x00, 16 ) /* colors 0x00-0x7f direct mapped */ GFXDECODE_ENTRY( REGION_GFX2, 0, spritelayout, 0x80, 16 ) /* colors 0x80-0x8f with lookup table */ GFXDECODE_ENTRY( REGION_GFX3, 0, spritelayout, 0x80, 16 ) GFXDECODE_END static MACHINE_DRIVER_START( kncljoe ) /* basic machine hardware */ // MDRV_CPU_ADD(Z80, 4000000) /* 4 MHz */ MDRV_CPU_ADD(Z80, 5500000) /* 4 MHz is too low. The game loop never finishes a frame in time. */ MDRV_CPU_PROGRAM_MAP(readmem,writemem) MDRV_CPU_VBLANK_INT(irq0_line_hold,1) MDRV_SCREEN_REFRESH_RATE(60) MDRV_SCREEN_VBLANK_TIME(USEC_TO_SUBSECONDS(1500)) /* video hardware */ MDRV_VIDEO_ATTRIBUTES(VIDEO_TYPE_RASTER | VIDEO_UPDATE_AFTER_VBLANK) MDRV_SCREEN_FORMAT(BITMAP_FORMAT_INDEXED16) MDRV_SCREEN_SIZE(32*8, 32*8) MDRV_SCREEN_VISIBLE_AREA(1*8, 31*8-1, 0*8, 32*8-1) MDRV_GFXDECODE(kncljoe) MDRV_PALETTE_LENGTH(128+16) MDRV_COLORTABLE_LENGTH(16*8+16*8) MDRV_PALETTE_INIT(kncljoe) MDRV_VIDEO_START(kncljoe) MDRV_VIDEO_UPDATE(kncljoe) /* sound hardware */ MDRV_IMPORT_FROM(irem_audio) MACHINE_DRIVER_END ROM_START( kncljoe ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU1, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-1.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(4e4f5ff2) SHA1(7d889aa4f4138f01014c1dda391f82396074cfab) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-2.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(cb11514b) SHA1(c75d4019d1617493ff074ce8187a81ad70d9b60c) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-3.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(0f50697b) SHA1(412c6aba270824299ca2a74e9bea42b83e69797b) ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU2, 0 ) /* 64k for audio code */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-13.bin",0xe000, 0x2000, CRC(0a0be3f5) SHA1(00be47fc76500843b6f5de63622edb1748ef5f7d) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX1, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* tiles */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-10.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(74d3ba33) SHA1(c7887d690cb7f7a7b24d59d490ffc088fb6cc49c) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-11.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(8ea01455) SHA1(b4b42fe373a1019b4f2a4b763a8a7219a5c9987e) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-12.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(33367c41) SHA1(e6c56bcad008f3af4bc0f7d7afe8e23c8eb9d943) ) ROM_REGION( 0x18000, REGION_GFX2, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-4.bin", 0x00000, 0x8000, CRC(a499ea10) SHA1(cb671cc75b3c6029dd3529e62d83025f78b45271) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-6.bin", 0x08000, 0x8000, CRC(815f5c0a) SHA1(ad0b59eeebb2e57035a3f643ac0ef575569bec0f) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-5.bin", 0x10000, 0x8000, CRC(11111759) SHA1(504c62fc6778a4afa86cba69634652708535bef6) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX3, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-7.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(121fcccb) SHA1(77f3e7e49787d6a893c5d8c0c3ac612b1180e866) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-9.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(affbe3eb) SHA1(056111fc5b04ff14b114b5f724d02789c8e3ee10) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-8.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(e057e72a) SHA1(3a85750c72caaa027f302dc6ca4086bdbd49b5ff) ) ROM_REGION( 0x420, REGION_PROMS, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "kjclr1.bin", 0x000, 0x100, CRC(c3378ac2) SHA1(264fdc0718b36e02fc1fc1064a9566e349f4bf25) ) /* tile red */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr2.bin", 0x100, 0x100, CRC(2126da97) SHA1(6ca394a5977fab72200a00716a1f25f2a9447896) ) /* tile green */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr3.bin", 0x200, 0x100, CRC(fde62164) SHA1(d0f6b8d0dce63ce592a5f0c9dc8e6260f69a9141) ) /* tile blue */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom5.bin", 0x300, 0x020, CRC(5a81dd9f) SHA1(090ec9135b12e85ed02ab71fca55cc8d1ea8215a) ) /* sprite palette */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom4.bin", 0x320, 0x100, CRC(48dc2066) SHA1(b8007a5115d475b535284965681ae341f819d3db) ) /* sprite clut */ ROM_END ROM_START( kncljoea ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU1, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "kj01.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(f251019e) SHA1(a7ca2fae57ce698ec19e118e967c74eb92341803) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-2.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(cb11514b) SHA1(c75d4019d1617493ff074ce8187a81ad70d9b60c) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-3.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(0f50697b) SHA1(412c6aba270824299ca2a74e9bea42b83e69797b) ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU2, 0 ) /* 64k for audio code */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-13.bin",0xe000, 0x2000, CRC(0a0be3f5) SHA1(00be47fc76500843b6f5de63622edb1748ef5f7d) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX1, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* tiles */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-10.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(74d3ba33) SHA1(c7887d690cb7f7a7b24d59d490ffc088fb6cc49c) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-11.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(8ea01455) SHA1(b4b42fe373a1019b4f2a4b763a8a7219a5c9987e) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-12.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(33367c41) SHA1(e6c56bcad008f3af4bc0f7d7afe8e23c8eb9d943) ) ROM_REGION( 0x18000, REGION_GFX2, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-4.bin", 0x00000, 0x8000, CRC(a499ea10) SHA1(cb671cc75b3c6029dd3529e62d83025f78b45271) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-6.bin", 0x08000, 0x8000, CRC(815f5c0a) SHA1(ad0b59eeebb2e57035a3f643ac0ef575569bec0f) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-5.bin", 0x10000, 0x8000, CRC(11111759) SHA1(504c62fc6778a4afa86cba69634652708535bef6) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX3, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-7.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(121fcccb) SHA1(77f3e7e49787d6a893c5d8c0c3ac612b1180e866) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-9.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(affbe3eb) SHA1(056111fc5b04ff14b114b5f724d02789c8e3ee10) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-8.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(e057e72a) SHA1(3a85750c72caaa027f302dc6ca4086bdbd49b5ff) ) ROM_REGION( 0x420, REGION_PROMS, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "kjclr1.bin", 0x000, 0x100, CRC(c3378ac2) SHA1(264fdc0718b36e02fc1fc1064a9566e349f4bf25) ) /* tile red */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr2.bin", 0x100, 0x100, CRC(2126da97) SHA1(6ca394a5977fab72200a00716a1f25f2a9447896) ) /* tile green */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr3.bin", 0x200, 0x100, CRC(fde62164) SHA1(d0f6b8d0dce63ce592a5f0c9dc8e6260f69a9141) ) /* tile blue */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom5.bin", 0x300, 0x020, CRC(5a81dd9f) SHA1(090ec9135b12e85ed02ab71fca55cc8d1ea8215a) ) /* sprite palette */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom4.bin", 0x320, 0x100, CRC(48dc2066) SHA1(b8007a5115d475b535284965681ae341f819d3db) ) /* sprite clut */ ROM_END ROM_START( bcrusher ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU1, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "bcrush1.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(e8979196) SHA1(f1aff40e645760c786510c77a4841acb782ba157) ) ROM_LOAD( "bcrush2.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(1be4c731) SHA1(11f3a33263d66172902dfb6f3fe2d0ab5cad38d7) ) ROM_LOAD( "bcrush3.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(0772d993) SHA1(430f0319bd4765add2f1ee197e7217fdf9ae79c8) ) ROM_REGION( 0x10000, REGION_CPU2, 0 ) /* 64k for audio code */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-13.bin",0xe000, 0x2000, CRC(0a0be3f5) SHA1(00be47fc76500843b6f5de63622edb1748ef5f7d) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX1, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* tiles */ ROM_LOAD( "bcrush10.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(a62f4572) SHA1(4e38e175e25a955e5f83cac8c935163e2e861e94) ) ROM_LOAD( "bcrush11.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(79cc5644) SHA1(bc356065a2475d0e0921fc5c84fa46f6629caae7) ) ROM_LOAD( "bcrush12.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(8f09641d) SHA1(5ccc423b15148d96c0a348d41a3f4fff7bbae7b9) ) ROM_REGION( 0x18000, REGION_GFX2, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-4.bin", 0x00000, 0x8000, CRC(a499ea10) SHA1(cb671cc75b3c6029dd3529e62d83025f78b45271) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-6.bin", 0x08000, 0x8000, CRC(815f5c0a) SHA1(ad0b59eeebb2e57035a3f643ac0ef575569bec0f) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-5.bin", 0x10000, 0x8000, CRC(11111759) SHA1(504c62fc6778a4afa86cba69634652708535bef6) ) ROM_REGION( 0xc000, REGION_GFX3, ROMREGION_DISPOSE ) /* sprites */ ROM_LOAD( "kj-7.bin", 0x0000, 0x4000, CRC(121fcccb) SHA1(77f3e7e49787d6a893c5d8c0c3ac612b1180e866) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-9.bin", 0x4000, 0x4000, CRC(affbe3eb) SHA1(056111fc5b04ff14b114b5f724d02789c8e3ee10) ) ROM_LOAD( "kj-8.bin", 0x8000, 0x4000, CRC(e057e72a) SHA1(3a85750c72caaa027f302dc6ca4086bdbd49b5ff) ) ROM_REGION( 0x420, REGION_PROMS, 0 ) ROM_LOAD( "kjclr1.bin", 0x000, 0x100, CRC(c3378ac2) SHA1(264fdc0718b36e02fc1fc1064a9566e349f4bf25) ) /* tile red */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr2.bin", 0x100, 0x100, CRC(2126da97) SHA1(6ca394a5977fab72200a00716a1f25f2a9447896) ) /* tile green */ ROM_LOAD( "kjclr3.bin", 0x200, 0x100, CRC(fde62164) SHA1(d0f6b8d0dce63ce592a5f0c9dc8e6260f69a9141) ) /* tile blue */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom5.bin", 0x300, 0x020, CRC(5a81dd9f) SHA1(090ec9135b12e85ed02ab71fca55cc8d1ea8215a) ) /* sprite palette */ ROM_LOAD( "kjprom4.bin", 0x320, 0x100, CRC(48dc2066) SHA1(b8007a5115d475b535284965681ae341f819d3db) ) /* sprite clut */ ROM_END GAME( 1985, kncljoe, 0, kncljoe, kncljoe, 0, ROT0, "[Seibu Kaihatsu] (Taito license)", "Knuckle Joe (set 1)", 0 ) GAME( 1985, kncljoea, kncljoe, kncljoe, kncljoe, 0, ROT0, "[Seibu Kaihatsu] (Taito license)", "Knuckle Joe (set 2)", 0 ) GAME( 1985, bcrusher, kncljoe, kncljoe, kncljoe, 0, ROT0, "bootleg", "Bone Crusher", 0 )