.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#) btree. 3 8.4 (Berkeley) 8/18/94 .\" %FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/db/man/btree. 3, v 1.3. 2.2 2001/12/14 18:33:49 ru Exp % .\" $FreeBSD: doc/ja_JP.eucJP/man/man3/btree. 3, v 1.4 2002/05/18 07:12:52 horikawa Exp $ .\" .Dd August 18, 1994 .Dt BTREE 3 .Os .Sh ¸íĪ .Nm btree .Nd "btree µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º ¾×¼¼½º ¹æ½Ä" .Sh ¼­½Ä .In sys/types.h .In db.h .Sh ÇØ¼³ routine .Fn dbopen (Àº)´Â, µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¶óÀ̺귯¸® ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼­Æ÷Æ®µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏ Çü½ÄÀÇ 1 °³´Â .Nm ÆÄÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º ¾×¼¼½º ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¼³¸íÀº .Xr dbopen 3 ¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¸Þ´º¾ó ÆäÀÌÁö´Â, .Nm ¿¡ °íÀ¯ÀÇ Á¤º¸¿¡ °üÇØ¼­¸¸ ¼³¸íÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .Pp .Nm µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ±¸Á¶´Â, °ü·ÃÇϴ Ű / µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Æä¾î¸¦ °Ý³³ÇÏ´Â, Á¤·Ä ³¡³­ ¹ë·±½º¸¦ ÀâÈù Æ®¸® ±¸Á¶ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. .Pp .Fn dbopen ¿¡ Á¦°øµÈ´Ù .Nm ¾×¼¼½º ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î °íÀ¯ÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ±¸Á¶´Â, ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ .Aq Pa db.h ÀÎŬ·çµå ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Á¤Àǵǰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .Bd -literal typedef struct { u_long flags; u_int cachesize; int maxkeypage; int minkeypage; u_int psize; int (*compare)(const DBT *key1, const DBT *key2); size_t (*prefix)(const DBT *key1, const DBT *key2); int lorder; } BTREEINFO; .Ed .Pp ÀÌ ±¸Á¶Ã¼ÀÇ ¿¤¸®¸ÕÆ®´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù. .Bl -tag -width indent .It Va flags flag ÀÇ °ªÀº ÀÌÈÄÀÇ °ªÀÇ .Em or (³í¸®ÇÕ)(À»)¸¦ ÃëÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¤Àǵ˴ϴÙ. .Bl -tag -width indent .It Dv R_DUP Æ®¸® ³»ºÎ¿¡ Áߺ¹ ÇÑ Å°¸¦ Çã¿ë ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï, »ðÀÔÇϴ Ű°¡ Æ®¸®³»¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡µµ »ðÀÔÀ» Çã¿ë ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. .Xr dbopen 3 ¿¡ ±â¼úµÈ µðÆúÆ®ÀÇ µ¿ÀÛÀ¸·Î¼­´Â, »õ·Î¿î ۸¦ »ðÀÔÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀÏÄ¡Çϴ Ű¸¦ µ¡¾²±âÇÏ´ÂÁö, ¶Ç´Â .Dv R_NOOVERWRITE Ç÷¡±×°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì´Â ó¸® ½ÇÆÐÇÕ´Ï´Ù. .Dv R_DUP Ç÷¡±×´Â .Dv R_NOOVERWRITE Ç÷¡±×¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µ¡¾²±âµÇ¾î .Dv R_NOOVERWRITE Ç÷¡±×°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì´Â, Áߺ¹ Çϴ Ű¸¦ Æ®¸®¿¡ »ðÀÔÇÏ·Á°í Çϴ ó¸®°¡ ½ÇÆÐÇÕ´Ï´Ù. .Pp µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º¿¡ Áߺ¹ ÇÑ Å°°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, .Va get routine¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé(ÀÚ), Ű / µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Æä¾îÀÇ ÃëµæÀÇ ¼ø¼­´Â ¹ÌÁ¤µµ¸®°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, R_CURSOR Ç÷¡±×¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ .Va seq routine¸¦ È£ÃâÇϸé(ÀÚ), Áߺ¹ ÇÑ Å°ÀÇ ³í¸®ÀûÀÎ .Dq ÃÖÃÊ ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹Ýµå½Ã µ¹·ÁÁÖ¾îÁý´Ï´Ù. .El .It Va cachesize ¸Þ¸ð¸®Ä³½´ÀÇ ½Ã»çÇÏ´Â ÃÖ´ë »çÀÌÁî (¹ÙÀÌÆ® ´ÜÀ§). ÀÌ °ªÀº .Em ´ÜÁö ¾îµå¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê°í, ¾×¼¼½º ¹æ½ÄÀº ó¸® ½ÇÆÐÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¸¹Àº ¸Þ¸ð¸®¸¦ ÇÒ´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °¢ °Ë»öÀÌ Æ®¸®ÀÇ ·çÆ® ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Á¶»çÇϹǷÎ, °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ij½¬Çϸé(ÀÚ), ¾×¼¼½º ½Ã°£ÀÌ Âª¾ÆÁý´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ±âÀÔÀº °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ Áö¿¬ µÇ¹Ç·Î, Àû´çÇÑ Ä³½¬´Â ÀÔÃâ·Â Á¶ÀÛÀÇ È¸¼ö¸¦ Å«ÆøÀ¸·Î °¨¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ºÐ¸íÇϰÔ, ij½¬¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϸé(ÀÚ), Æ®¸®¸¦ ¼öÁ¤Çϰí ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ Å©·¡½¬ ÇßÀ» °æ¿ì, µ¥ÀÌÅͰ¡ ÆÄ¼Õ ¶Ç´Â »ó½ÇµÉ Àü¸ÁÀº Áõ´ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù (Áõ´ëÇÒ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù). .Va cachesize ÇÏÁö¸¸ 0 (»çÀÌÁî°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù)ÀÇ °æ¿ì, µðÆúÆ®ÀÇ Ä³½¬°¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. .It Va maxkeypage 1 ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ °Ý³³µÇ´Â ŰÀÇ ÃÖ´ë¼ö. Çö½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼­´Â ½ÇÇöµÇ°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. .\" The maximum number of keys which will be stored on any single page. .\" Because of the way the .\" .Nm .\" data structure works, .\" .Va maxkeypage .\" must always be greater than or equal to 2. .\" If .\" .Va maxkeypage .\" is 0 (no maximum number of keys is specified) the page fill factor is .\" made as large as possible (which is almost invariably what is wanted). .It Va minkeypage 1 ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ °Ý³³µÇ´Â ŰÀÇ ÃÖ¼Ò¼ö. ÀÌ °ªÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ, ¿À¹öÇÃ·Î¿ì ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ ¾î´À ۰¡ °Ý³³µÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ÆÇÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï, Ű ¶Ç´Â µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ±¸Á¶°¡, minkeypage Ä¡·Î Á¦»êµÇ¾ú´Ù pagesize º¸´Ù ±ä °æ¿ì´Â, ÆäÀÌÁö ÀÚü¿¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ï°í, ¿À¹öÇÃ·Î¿ì ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ °Ý³³µË´Ï´Ù. .Va minkeypage ÇÏÁö¸¸ 0 (ŰÀÇ ÃÖ¼Ò¼ö°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù)ÀÇ °æ¿ì, °ª 2 °¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. .It Va psize ÆäÀÌÁö »çÀÌÁî´Â, Æ®¸®³»ÀÇ ³ëµå¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ÆäÀÌÁöÀÇ »çÀÌÁî (¹ÙÀÌÆ® ´ÜÀ§)ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÖ¼Ò ÆäÀÌÁö »çÀÌÁî´Â 512 ¹ÙÀÌÆ®À̸ç, ÃÖ´ë ÆäÀÌÁö »çÀÌÁî´Â 64K ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. .Va psize ÇÏÁö¸¸ 0 (ÆäÀÌÁö »çÀÌÁî°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù)ÀÇ °æ¿ì, ÆäÀÌÁö »çÀÌÁî´Â, ±â¹ÝÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù ÆÄÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÀÔÃâ·Â ºí·Ï »çÀÌÁ ±âÃÊ·Î ÇØ ¼±Åõ˴ϴÙ. .It Va compare compare ´Â Ű ºñ±³ ÇÔ¼öÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Å° Àμö°¡ 2 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Å° Àμöº¸´Ù ÀÛ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÉ ¶§´Â, 0 º¸´Ù ÀÛÀº Á¤¼ö¸¦ µ¹·ÁÁÙ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Å° Àμö·Î °°ÀºÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢µÉ ¶§´Â, 0 À» µ¹·ÁÁÙ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 2 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Å° Àμöº¸´Ù Å©´Ù°í »ý°¢µÉ ¶§´Â, 0 º¸´Ù Å« Á¤¼ö¸¦ µ¹·ÁÁÙ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÁöÁ¤ÀÇ Æ®¸®¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼­´Â, Æ®¸®°¡ ¿­¸± ¶§¸¶´Ù, °°Àº ºñ±³ ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .Va compare ÇÏÁö¸¸ .Dv NULL ÀÇ °æ¿ì (ºñ±³ ÇÔ¼ö°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì), Ű´Â »çÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ±³µÇ¾î ªÀº Ű´Â ±ä Űº¸´Ù ÀÛ´Ù°í º¸¿©Áý´Ï´Ù. .It Va prefix .Va prefix (Àº)´Â Á¢µÎ¾î ºñ±³ ÇÔ¼öÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÁöÁ¤Çϸé(ÀÚ), ÀÌ routine´Â, 2 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Å°°¡ µÇ´Â ÀμöÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ®¼ö¸¦ µ¹·ÁÁÝ´Ï´Ù. À̰ÍÀº, 2 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Àμö°¡ 1 ¹øÂ°ÀÇ Àμöº¸´Ù Å« ÀÏÀ» ÆÇÁ¤Çϱâ À§Çؼ­ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ۰¡ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â, ŰÀÇ ±æÀ̰¡ µ¹·ÁÁÖ¾îÁú °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ routineÀÇ Æí¸®ÇÔ ÀÔ¾î ¿øÂ°¶ó°í µ¥ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, µ¥ÀÌÅÍ ¼¼Æ®¿¡ µû¶ó¼­´Â, Æ®¸®ÀÇ »çÀÌÁî¿Í °Ë»ö ½Ã°£À» Å«ÆøÀ¸·Î »è°¨ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Àϵµ ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇØ ÁÖ¼¼¿ä. .Va prefix ÇÏÁö¸¸ .Dv NULL (Á¢µÎ¾î ÇÔ¼ö°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù)¿¡¼­ ¸¸³ª¸ç, .Em °Ô´Ù°¡ ºñ±³ ÇÔ¼ö°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì´Â, µðÆúÆ®ÀÇ »çÀüÀûÀÎ ºñ±³ routine°¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. .Va prefix ÇÏÁö¸¸ .Dv NULL (À̾î)¿©, °Ô´Ù°¡ ºñ±³ routine°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, ºñ±³´Â ÇàÇØÁöÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. .It Va lorder °Ý³³µÈ µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º¸ÞŸµ¥ÀÌŸ³»ÀÇ Á¤¼öÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ® ¼ø¼­. ¼ýÀÚ´Â Á¤¼ö·Î¼­ÀÇ ¼ø¼­¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³¾ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, ºò endian¼ø¼­¿¡¼­´Â ¼ýÀÚ 4,321 ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. .Va lorder ÇÏÁö¸¸ 0 ÀÇ (¼ø¼­°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù) °æ¿ì, ÇöÀçÀÇ È£½ºÆ® ¼ø¼­°¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. .El .Pp ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¸ÀçÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì (°Ô´Ù°¡ .Dv O_TRUNC Ç÷¡±×°¡ ÁöÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº °æ¿ì), ÆÄ¶ó¹ÌÅÍ .Va flags , .Va lorder , .Va psize ¿¡ ºÙ¾î ÁöÁ¤µÈ °ªÀº, Æ®¸®°¡ ÀÛ¼ºµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ °ªÀ» À§Çؼ­(¶§¹®¿¡) ¹«½ÃµË´Ï´Ù. .Pp Æ®¸®ÀÇ Àü¹æ ½ÃÄö¼È ÁÖ»ç´Â, °¡Àå ÀÛÀº Ű·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå Å« Ű·Î ÇâÇÕ´Ï´Ù. .Pp Æ®¸®·ÎºÎÅÍ Å° / µ¥ÀÌÅÍÀÇ Æä¾î¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÇØ¹æµÈ °ø°£Àº, ´Ù½Ã ¿ä±¸µÉ °ÍÀº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù¸¸, Àç»ç¿ëÀ» À§Çؼ­(¶§¹®¿¡) ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï(µíÀÌ) µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ º¸ÅëÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Áï, .Nm ±â¾ï¿ªÀº ¼ºÀ常ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À¯ÀÏÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥Àº, °úµµÇÑ »èÁ¦¸¦ ÇÇÇÏ´Â °Í, ¶Ç´Â ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Æ®¸®ÀÇ ÁÖ»ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î »õ·Î¿î Æ®¸®¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. .Pp .Nm ¾ÈÀÇ °Ë»ö, »ðÀÔ, ¹× »èÁ¦´Â ¸ðµÎ, ±âÀú°¡ Æò±ÕÀÇ ÇÊ ¿äÀÎÀÎ ±âÀú N ÀÇ O ÀÇ ´ë¼ö·Î ¿Ï·áÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ø¼­ ºÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ .Nm ¿¡ »ðÀÔÇϸé(ÀÚ), ÇÊ ¿äÀÎÀÌ ³·¾ÆÁö´Â ÀÏÀÌ ÀÚÁÖ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ½ÇÀå¿¡¼­´Â, ¼ø¼­ ºÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø »ðÀÔÀÌ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ÄÉÀ̽º°¡ µÇ¾î, Åë»óÀÇ ÆäÀÌÁö ÇÊ ¿äÀκ¸´Ù ÈξÀ ÁÁÀº °á°ú°¡ µÇµµ·Ï(µíÀÌ) ¼öÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .Sh ¿¡·¯ .Nm ¾×¼¼½º ¹æ½Ä routine´Â, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¶óÀ̺귯¸® routine .Xr dbopen 3 ¿¡ ºÙ¾î ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ ¿¡·¯ÀÇ °æ¿ì, ó¸® ½ÇÆÐÇØ, .Va errno (À»)¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .Sh °ü·Ã Ç׸ñ .Xr dbopen 3 , .Xr hash 3 , .Xr mpool 3 , .Xr recno 3 .Rs . %T "The Ubiquitous B-tree" . %A Douglas Comer . %J "ACM Comput. Surv. 11" . %N 2 . %D June 1979 . %P 121-138 .Re .Rs . %A Bayer . %A Unterauer . %T "Prefix B-trees" . %J "ACM Transactions on Database Systems" . %N 1 . %V Vol. 2 . %D March 1977 . %P 11-26 .Re .Rs . %B "The Art of Computer Programming Vol. 3: Sorting and Searching" . %A D. E. Knuth . %D 1968 . %P 471-480 .Re .Sh ¹ö±× ºò endian ¹× little endianÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ® ¼ø¼­¸¸ÀÌ ¼­Æ÷Æ® µÇ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.