=pod =head0 Parrot Reference Z This chapter contains a condensed list of PASM opcodes, PIR directives and instructions, and Parrot command-line options, sorted alphabetically for easy reference. Any PASM opcode is valid in PIR code, so if you're looking up PIR syntax you should check A"PASM Opcodes", A"PIR Directives", and A"PIR Instructions". =head1 PASM Opcodes Z X For complete details on each opcode and the latest changes, read the documentation in F, or look at all the C<.ops> files in the F directory. We've followed a few conventions. C is always the register where the result of the operation is stored. Sometimes the original value of C is one of the source values. C indicates that the actual value might be a literal integer, float, or string, or a register containing an integer, float, string, or PMC. See the F<.ops> files for the combinations allowed with a particular operation. =head2 abs X abs R abs R, R Return the absolute value of a number. If R is left out, R gets the absolute value of itself. I =head2 acos X acos R, R The arc cosine of R in radians. I =head2 add X add R, R add R, R, R Add two values and return the sum. If only one R, add R to R. I =head2 addattribute X addattribute R, R Add the attribute name R to class R. I =head2 addparent X addparent R, R Add class R to the list of parent classes for R. I =head2 and X and R, R, R Logical AND. Return R if it's false; otherwise, return R. I =head2 asec X asec R, R The arc secant of R in radians. I =head2 asin X asin R, R The arc sine of R in radians. I =head2 assign X assign R, R Assign a value to a PMC. I =head2 atan X atan R, R atan R, R, R The arc tangent of R / R in radians (sign significant). If R is omitted, then just the arc tangent of R. I =head2 band X band R, R band R, R, R Bitwise AND on two values. If only one R, bitwise AND on R and R. I =head2 bands X bands R, R bands R, R, R Bitwise AND on two strings. If only one R, bitwise AND on R and R. I =head2 bnot X bnot R, R Bitwise NOT on R. I =head2 bnots X bnots R, R Bitwise NOT on string R. I =head2 bor X bor R, R, R Bitwise OR on two values. If only one R, bitwise OR on R and R. I =head2 bors X bor R, R, R Bitwise OR on two strings. If only one R, bitwise OR on R and R. I =head2 bounds X bounds R Toggle bytecode bounds checking in the interpreter (0 for off, any other value for on). I =head2 branch X branch R Branch to a label. The label is calculated as a relative offset. I =head2 branch_cs X branch_cs R Intersegment branch to the location of the given fixup table entry. I =head2 bsr X bsr R Branch to a label, like C, but also push the current location onto the call stack so C can return to it. I =head2 bxor X bxor R, R bxor R, R, R Bitwise XOR on two values. If only one R, bitwise XOR on R and R. I =head2 bxors X bxors R, R bxors R, R, R Bitwise XOR on two strings. If only one R, bitwise XOR on R and R. I =head2 callmethod X callmethod callmethod R Call the method named R on the object stored in C according to the Parrot Calling Conventions. If no method name, pull the name from C. I =head2 callmethodcc X callmethodcc callmethodcc R Call the method named R on the object stored in C according to the Parrot Calling Conventions. If no method name, pull the name from C. Also create a return continuation and store it in C. I =head2 can X can R, R