SYNOPSIS

       od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
       od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
       od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]

DESCRIPTION

       Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to
       standard output.  With more than one FILE argument, concatenate them in
       the  listed  order to form the input.  With no FILE, or when FILE is -,
       read standard input.

       All arguments to long options are mandatory for short options.

       -A, --address-radix=RADIX
              decide how file offsets are printed

       -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
              skip BYTES input bytes first

       -N, --read-bytes=BYTES
              limit dump to BYTES input bytes

       -S, --strings[=BYTES]
              output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars

       -t, --format=TYPE
              select output format or formats

       -v, --output-duplicates
              do not use * to mark line suppression

       -w, --width[=BYTES]
              output BYTES bytes per output line

       --traditional
              accept arguments in traditional form

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

   Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
       -a     same as -t a,  select named characters, ignoring high-order bit

       -b     same as -t o1, select octal bytes

       -c     same as -t c,  select ASCII characters or backslash escapes

       -d     same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units

       -f     same as -t fF, select floats
       pseudo-address  at  first  byte  printed, incremented when dump is pro-
       gressing.  For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates  hexadeci-
       mal; suffixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.

       TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:

       a      named character, ignoring high-order bit

       c      ASCII character or backslash escape

       d[SIZE]
              signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       f[SIZE]
              floating point, SIZE bytes per integer

       o[SIZE]
              octal, SIZE bytes per integer

       u[SIZE]
              unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       x[SIZE]
              hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer

       SIZE  is  a  number.   For  TYPE  in  doux,  SIZE  may  also  be  C for
       sizeof(char),  S  for  sizeof(short),  I  for  sizeof(int)  or  L   for
       sizeof(long).   If  TYPE  is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D
       for sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).

       RADIX is d for decimal, o for octal, x for hexadecimal or n  for  none.
       BYTES is hexadecimal with 0x or 0X prefix, it is multiplied by 512 with
       b suffix, by 1024 with k and by 1048576 with m.  Adding a z  suffix  to
       any type adds a display of printable characters to the end of each line
       of output.  --string without a number implies  3.   --width  without  a
       number implies 32.  By default, od uses -A o -t d2 -w16.

AUTHOR

       Written by Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS

       Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
       This  is  free  software.   You may redistribute copies of it under the
       terms      of      the      GNU      General       Public       License
       <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.   There  is NO WARRANTY, to the
       extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO

       The full documentation for od is maintained as a  Texinfo  manual.   If